Your Custom Quiz
In Kennedy 2024 et al., what strategy was recommended to minimize iatrogenic cartilage injury (IACI)?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 20 shoulders from 11 medium-to-large breed dogs evaluated
- Lateral portals used: middle arthroscopic, caudal instrument, cranial egress
- Musculotendinous lesions unavoidable, but small (18G needle); seen in deltoideus (90%), infraspinatus, teres minor, etc.
- Neurovascular safety:
- Caudal portal was closest to axillary artery/nerve branches (as close as 7 mm)
- Only 2/20 shoulders (10%) had omobrachial vein penetrated
- Cartilage injuries (IACI) occurred in 65%, primarily minor linear defects; use of guarded cannulas and distractors suggested for minimization
- Supports overall safety of lateral shoulder arthroscopy with portal placement awareness
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
4
2024
Evaluation of Canine Shoulder Arthroscopy for Anatomical and Safety Considerations
2024-4-VCOT-kennedy-5
In Weisse 2026 et al., on HAVM treatment outcomes, how did survival compare between surgical and medical management?
🔍 Key Findings
- Surgical management significantly improves survival vs medical therapy, with MST ~1942d vs 567d (p = .028), supporting intervention over conservative care.
- DOV occlusion achieves superior initial occlusion rates (95% vs 56% for TAE; p = .007), making it more reliable for immediate flow cessation.
- TAE has significantly higher recurrence rates (53% vs 15% for DOV; p < .001), often requiring repeat procedures.
- Residual HAVM flow is more common after TAE (44% vs 5%), reflecting difficulty targeting the nidus via arterial routes.
- Overall survival time between TAE and DOV is not significantly different, but more DOV patients remain alive at follow-up (55% vs 11%; p = .003).
- Quality of life outcomes favor DOV, with 78% “excellent” vs 27% in TAE (p = .018).
- Multiple arterial supply sources (e.g., gastric, phrenic, intercostal arteries) complicate complete embolization and contribute to recurrence (Figure 6, page 17).
- Restoration of hepatopetal portal flow is a key success indicator, particularly after DOV occlusion (page 16 discussion).
Veterinary Surgery
3
2026
Procedural descriptions and survival times for hepatic arteriovenous malformations (HAVM) in animals receiving primarily conservative treatment, arterial embolization, or dominant outflow vein occlusion
2026-3-vs-weisse-4
In Renier 2025 et al., on thoracoscopic mediastinal surgery, what proportion of cats required conversion to an open or VATS procedure?
🔍 Key Findings
- Thoracoscopic resection was feasible in cats, with all 17 cases initially approached thoracoscopically and 100% perioperative survival.
- Conversion to open or VATS procedures occurred in 35.3%, most commonly due to large tumor size (>5 cm) or adhesions to the cranial vena cava.
- Thymoma was the most common diagnosis (70.6%), followed by thymic carcinoma and other rare lesions.
- No major intra- or postoperative complications were reported; minor complications occurred only in converted cases.
- Median surgical time was 50 min and median hospitalization was 2 days, supporting rapid recovery.
- CO₂ insufflation at low pressure (2–3 mmHg) improved visualization but did not always prevent conversion.
- Tumor size was the strongest predictor of conversion, with 5/6 conversions involving masses >5 cm.
- Mean survival time was 390.6 days, with cats with thymoma showing the longest survival.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2025
Thoracoscopic resection of cranial mediastinal masses: Retrospective study in 17 cats
2025-8-vs-renier-1
In Story 2024 et al., on eTPA osteotomy comparison, which two techniques showed the **highest accuracy** in TPA correction relative to their target?
🔍 Key Findings
- Population: 16 dogs (27 tibias), TPA >34°
- Techniques analyzed:
- Group A: CBLO + CCWO
- Group B: TPLO + CCWO
- Group C: mCCWO
- Group D: PTNWO
- Outcomes:
- All groups achieved post-correction TPA < 14°.
- Group A: Slight over-correction (mean TPA 10.47°); greatest mechanical axis shift.
- Group B: Tibial shortening (~0.58%); least mechanical axis shift.
- Group C: Lowest post-correction TPA (mean 4.76°); under-correction.
- Group D: High accuracy, minimal shortening (mean 7.09° post).
- Statistical Significance:
- Significant differences in tibial length change and mCrDTA (mechanical axis shift) between groups (p <.05).
- TPA correction accuracy: Group A (1.02), B (0.95), C (0.89), D (0.98).
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Morphologic impact of four surgical techniques to correct excessive tibial plateau angle in dogs: A theoretical radiographic analysis
2024-1-VS-story-4
In Huels 2025 et al., on second-generation screw cup THA, which implant component was responsible for most major complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Total complication rate was 16.7%, with 5/30 hips experiencing major complications, mostly related to the femoral component.
- Cup-associated complications were rare (3.3%), with only one case of acetabular cup luxation attributed to surgical technique rather than implant failure.
- No cases of late aseptic loosening were observed during a median follow-up of 17.5 months.
- Implant stability was attributed to the SCSL's porous, trabecular titanium surface, enhancing osseointegration.
- Three femoral stem fractures occurred in a single dog, leading to implant removal; material testing was not performed.
- Most complications were femoral in origin (6/7), not acetabular, suggesting improved performance of the SCSL.
- Explantation rate was 13% (4/30), but some removals were due to owner preference against revision.
- Subjective functional outcome was full recovery in 26/30 hips, including one with successful revision of stem subsidence.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2025
Complications and Long-Term Outcome in 30 Canine Total Hip Arthroplasties Using a Second-Generation Selective Laser Melted Screw Cup
2025-2-VCOT-huels-2
In Oramas 2025 et al., on laparoscopic liver lobectomy, what complication occurred in 3 of 13 cadavers?
🔍 Key Findings
- 13 cadaver dogs underwent laparoscopic right lateral liver lobectomy in sternal recumbency using a transdiaphragmatic intrathoracic trocar (ITT).
- All lobectomies were successful, regardless of dog size.
- Median total surgical time: 35.5 min; median lobectomy time: 18.5 min.
- ITT port enhanced visualization and access to hilus.
- No correlation between body weight and hilus access (p = .78).
- Stronger correlation between liver lobe weight and lobectomy time (r = .73, p = .004).
- Complication in 3/13 cases: Loss of insufflation due to balloon-tip port failure and pneumothorax.
- Recommendation: Use a new balloon trocar per case in clinical applications to prevent failure.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Evaluation of sternal recumbency for laparoscopic right lateral liver lobectomy through a transdiaphragmatic port in a canine cadaveric population
2025-4-VS-oramas-3
In Weisse 2026 et al., on HAVM treatment outcomes, what was a key limitation of transarterial embolization (TAE)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Surgical management significantly improves survival vs medical therapy, with MST ~1942d vs 567d (p = .028), supporting intervention over conservative care.
- DOV occlusion achieves superior initial occlusion rates (95% vs 56% for TAE; p = .007), making it more reliable for immediate flow cessation.
- TAE has significantly higher recurrence rates (53% vs 15% for DOV; p < .001), often requiring repeat procedures.
- Residual HAVM flow is more common after TAE (44% vs 5%), reflecting difficulty targeting the nidus via arterial routes.
- Overall survival time between TAE and DOV is not significantly different, but more DOV patients remain alive at follow-up (55% vs 11%; p = .003).
- Quality of life outcomes favor DOV, with 78% “excellent” vs 27% in TAE (p = .018).
- Multiple arterial supply sources (e.g., gastric, phrenic, intercostal arteries) complicate complete embolization and contribute to recurrence (Figure 6, page 17).
- Restoration of hepatopetal portal flow is a key success indicator, particularly after DOV occlusion (page 16 discussion).
Veterinary Surgery
3
2026
Procedural descriptions and survival times for hepatic arteriovenous malformations (HAVM) in animals receiving primarily conservative treatment, arterial embolization, or dominant outflow vein occlusion
2026-3-vs-weisse-2
In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, what was the observed relationship between wedge angle and TPA correction across all four CCWO techniques?
🔍 Key Findings
- A linear relationship was observed between wedge angle and tibial plateau angle (TPA) correction across all four CCWO techniques.
- All techniques produced predictable TPA corrections using linear regression-derived equations, allowing wedge angle extrapolation to achieve a target postoperative TPA of 5°.
- TLA shift (tibial long axis) increased with wedge angle and influenced final TPA; greatest in Frederick & Cross method.
- Tibial shortening (mTL%) varied by technique, being most severe (up to 40.9%) in traditional Slocum & Devine CCWO and least in newer techniques (7.5–12%).
- The Oxley mCCWO technique showed lower TLA shift compared to the Frederick & Cross and Christ techniques, though similar to Slocum & Devine; tibial shortening was more pronounced than other modified techniques at wedge angles ≤40°.
- Techniques varied in craniocaudal translation and wedge apex positioning, influencing planning accuracy and mechanical axis alignment.
- The corrective wedge angle equations reliably predicted TPA within 4–6° across varied tibial conformations.
- The study supports equation-based planning over static TPA–5° subtraction to reduce risk of under- or over-correction.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Predicting tibial plateau angles following four different types of cranial closing wedge ostectomy
2024-8-VS-moreira-1
In Adams 2024 et al., on canine tibial plateau fractures, what was the long-term functional outcome for the two cases that completed LOAD questionnaires?
🔍 Key Findings
- Tibial plateau fractures (TPF) are rare in dogs, but can be surgically stabilized with good outcomes even in complex trauma cases.
- Lateral TPFs (Unger type 41-B1) were approached via caudolateral arthrotomy, with elevation of the lateral meniscus for visualization and use of lag screws and K-wires for fixation.
- Medial TPF (Unger type 41-B2) was addressed via medial parapatellar approach using K-wires and a figure-of-eight tension band.
- One minor complication occurred: implant yield at 2 weeks in a case with a concurrent fibular fracture, resulting in a 0.8 mm step defect.
- No major complications were recorded, and all dogs achieved clinical union with full function by 8–10 weeks.
- Long-term owner-reported outcomes (LOAD scores) were excellent (5/52), indicating minimal osteoarthritis or chronic pain.
- Concurrent fibular fractures may increase risk of implant failure and should influence implant selection (e.g., considering buttress plating).
- Arthroscopic-assisted techniques may be applicable in select cases, but open reduction was preferred due to fragment displacement or concurrent injuries.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Prospective evaluation of the surgical stabilization and outcome of canine tibial plateau fractures in three cases
2024-6-VS-adams-4
In Konno 2026 et al., on hepatic mass resection risks, which factor was not significantly associated with postoperative complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Postoperative complications occurred in 17.7% of dogs undergoing hepatic mass resection; mortality was 6.3%
- Shorter corrected distance from hepatic mass to CVC (per 0.1 cm/kg decrease) was significantly associated with increased complications (OR: 0.666; p = .017)
- Presence of underlying disease increased complication risk (OR: 2.703; p = .007)
- Intraoperative hypotension was a strong predictor of complications (OR: 3.589; p = .019)
- Surgical time was borderline significant in multivariable models (OR: 1.011 per min; p = .052)
- Liver lobe location (left, central, right) was not significantly associated with complications
- Prothrombin time (PT) correlated with complication risk in univariable analysis but was not consistently significant in multivariable models
- CT evaluation of mass proximity to the CVC is a useful preoperative predictor of complication risk
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Risk factors for complications associated with canine hepatic mass resection: A study of 96 cases
2026-1-vs-konno-5
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings