Your Custom Quiz
In Sanders 2024 et al., on feline anastomosis techniques, which statement is TRUE regarding initial leak pressures (ILPs)?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- ILP and MIP: No significant differences in leak pressure between HSA, FEESA, and SS techniques (p > .05).
- Construct Time:
- FEESA (no oversew) fastest: 79 ± 30 s
- HSA-SI slowest: 397 ± 70 s (p < .001)
- Tissue Thickness:
- Jejunum thickest: 2.28 ± 0.30 mm
- Stomach thinnest: 1.66 ± 0.28 mm
- Staple Malformation: Noted in 2 FEESA-O constructs, vertical staple line.
- Leak Locations:
- HSA: All leaked from suture bites
- FEESA: Leaks from vertical and horizontal staple lines
- SS: Mostly from staple holes
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Gastrointestinal thickness, duration, and leak pressure of five intestinal anastomosis techniques in cats
2024-2-VS-sanders-3
In Latifi 2022 et al., on forelimb fascial mapping, what surgical strategy may be required for wide tumor excision over the triceps tendon region?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fascia was present over most of the canine forelimb, but key areas like the elbow, carpus, and manus lacked robust fascial planes for wide resection.
- Type I fascia (discrete sheet) was primarily found in the antebrachium, with type IV (periosteal) fascia located at the olecranon, scapular spine, and accessory carpal bone.
- Distal antebrachial fascia was thin and adherent, often blending with carpal structures and lacking reliable surgical planes.
- Partial tenectomy or joint capsule resection was often required for wide excision in the distal limb, especially over the triceps tendon and carpus.
- Nerve transections (e.g., superficial radial or ulnar branches) were commonly needed to maintain fascial margins, though often with minimal functional loss due to overlapping innervation.
- Digital and metacarpal pads lacked clear deep fascial borders, making digit amputation necessary for oncologic margins in distal tumors.
- Dissections revealed fascial junctions as either Type A (easily separable) or Type B (risk of disruption), guiding resection plane selection.
- Findings provide a surgical map to guide preoperative planning for superficial tumor excision on the forelimb.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs. Part II: Forelimb
2022-1-VS-latifi-3
In Monnet 2023 et al., on barbed vs conventional suture in vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA), how did the number of suture bites compare between the UBS and conventional groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- Leakage pressure was not significantly different between unidirectional barbed suture (UBS) and conventional (C) suture groups (p = .236).
- UBS group had a 28% lower median leakage pressure than the C group (8.6 mmHg vs. 11.7 mmHg), suggesting higher biological risk of leakage.
- UBS significantly reduced suturing time (median 12.7 vs. 17.3 minutes; p < .0002).
- Fewer suture bites were needed in the UBS group (median 14 vs. 19; p = .012).
- No suture breakage or urethral narrowing occurred in either group.
- Leakage site distribution (ventral vs lateral) was similar between groups; no dorsal leaks noted.
- Leakage occurred as low as 5 mmHg in UBS group, indicating potential for postoperative extravasation.
- UBS may aid intracorporeal suturing in minimally invasive prostatectomy, but catheterization remains necessary postoperatively.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Influence of conventional versus unidirectional barbed suture on leakage pressures in canine vesicourethral anastomosis: An ex-vivo study
2023-5-VS-monnet-4
In Downey 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic lung lobectomy, what technical challenge was more frequently encountered in brachycephalic dogs during OLV?
🔍 Key Findings
- Thoracoscopic (TL) and thoracoscopic-assisted (TAL) lobectomy were performed in 12 dogs with non-neoplastic pulmonary consolidation.
- 44% (4/9) of TL cases required conversion, most often due to pleural adhesions or poor visualization — a higher rate than for neoplastic lobectomies.
- Surgical mortality was 8.3% (1/12 dogs), with death attributed to unaddressed BOAS, not surgical complications.
- All 11 surviving dogs had no recurrence of clinical signs at a median 24-month follow-up.
- Perioperative complications occurred in 58% (7/12): pneumothorax (2), hemorrhage (3), wound dehiscence (1), progressive pneumonia (1).
- One-lung ventilation (OLV) was successful in 78% of TL dogs but may be harder to achieve in brachycephalic breeds.
- Most dogs had infectious pneumonia (10/12), with bacterial causes identified in 8; fungal and viral etiologies were less common.
- Hospitalization was short, with median stays of 3–4 days depending on approach and conversion status.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Evaluation of long‐term outcome after lung lobectomy for canine non‐neoplastic pulmonary consolidation via thoracoscopic or thoracoscopic‐assisted surgery in 12 dogs
2023-6-vs-downey-5
In Kang 2026 et al., on 3D-printed locking plates, which insertion torque produced the greatest push-out strength across constructs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Directly 3D-printed locking plate holes can achieve mechanical performance comparable to machined plates when printed at optimal orientation (0°).
- All 3D-printed plates failed at 2.0 Nm insertion torque due to thread deformation, while machined ARIX plates tolerated this torque without failure.
- Build orientation significantly affected mechanical strength, with push-out strength ranking: ARIX > 3D-0° > 3D-45° > 3D-90°.
- Insertion torque was a major determinant of push-out strength, with 1.1 Nm (manufacturer-recommended torque) producing the highest strength.
- Low torque combined with screw angulation (15°) resulted in the lowest push-out strength, demonstrating reduced screw–plate engagement.
- Screw angulation alone did not significantly reduce strength when torque was adequate, likely due to the ARIX double-lead thread design allowing engagement up to 15°.
- Additive manufacturing produced threads with lower hardness compared with machined threads, explaining deformation at excessive torque.
- Integrated 3D-printed locking systems may enable patient-specific implants without post-machining, potentially improving implant conformity and surgical efficiency.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2026
Feasibility of Integrating Locking Plate System into Additively Manufactured Implants: A Mechanical Comparison of Three-Dimensional-Printed and Machined Locking Hole Threads
2026-2-vcot-kang-3
In Geier 2022 et al., on smoke evacuation in TPLO, what was the average reduction in ultrafine particle concentration with the use of a smoke-evacuation unit?
🔍 Key Findings
- Use of smoke evacuators reduced ultrafine particle concentrations by 56.4% during approach to the proximal tibia for TPLO in dogs.
- Mean intraoperative particle concentrations were significantly higher in surgeries without smoke evacuation (1352 ppc vs. 763 ppc, P < .0001).
- Maximum particle concentrations were six times higher without smoke evacuation (62,450 ppc vs. 10,100 ppc, P < .0001).
- Particle counts increased above baseline regardless of evacuator use, confirming electrosurgery contributes substantially to airborne particles.
- Surgeons noted reduced odor and health concerns when using the smoke evacuator, despite initial visibility limitations due to pencil attachment.
- Standard surgical masks do not protect against ultrafine particles, underscoring the importance of smoke mitigation systems.
- The smoke-evacuation unit did not eliminate all ultrafine particles, suggesting optimization (e.g., higher power setting) may be beneficial.
- This is the first clinical veterinary study to measure surgical smoke reduction using evacuators during TPLO.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
The effect of a smoke‐evacuation unit on ultrafine particle concentrations in the operating room during approach to the proximal tibia for tibial plateau-leveling osteotomy surgery in dogs
2022-5-VS-geier-1
In Baldo Clemot 2026 et al., on dynamic MRI in DLSS, what surgical implication is suggested by the resolution of compression in flexed MRI views?
🔍 Key Findings
- Flexed MRI reduced IVD protrusion, foraminal stenosis, and VBLF significantly compared to neutral position.
- No dogs had persistent cauda equina compression or foraminal occlusion in the flexed position.
- Protrusion decreased by ~50% in flexion (PRCR and PACR reductions of 49.3% and 53.1%, respectively).
- Degree of IVD protrusion correlated with IVD degeneration but not spondylosis.
- Spondylosis did not limit flexion or affect decompression response.
- Complete vertebral canal occlusion resolved in all cases when LSJ was flexed.
- Indirect decompression via distraction may negate the need for laminectomy/discectomy, unless placing an IVD spacer.
- Findings question the routine use of decompressive surgery with distraction-stabilization in DLSS when good flexion is achieved.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine in neutral and flexed position for presurgical assessment of clinically affected dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis
2026-1-vs-baldo-clemot-2
In McNamara 2022 et al., on transoral endoscopic arytenopexy, what was the primary clinical advantage of the TEA technique compared to traditional unilateral arytenoid lateralization (UAL)?
🔍 Key Findings
- TEA significantly increased the rima glottis area (RGA) from a mean of 0.52 cm³ to 0.78 cm³ (p < .0001)
- Mean RGA increased by 157%, equivalent to an 84% estimated decrease in airway resistance
- LEGS (laryngeal epiglottic-glottic seal) remained intact in all cadavers post-procedure, indicating maintained airway protection
- TEA was technically feasible in all 15 cadaveric dogs using a custom endoscopic gag port (EGP)
- TEA avoids cervical dissection, potentially reducing surgical trauma and risks compared to UAL (unilateral arytenoid lateralization)
- Compared to UAL, TEA showed slightly less RGA increase, but greater LEGS preservation, potentially reducing aspiration risk
- No cartilage was included in sutures; arytenopexy involved soft tissue fixation to pharyngeal wall across the piriform recess
- Cadaver model limitations include inability to assess functional outcomes like swallowing and respiratory motion impact
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Description and evaluation of a novel transoral endoscopic arytenopexy in canine cadavers
2022-7-VS-mcnamara-1
In Morgera 2022 et al., on stifle surgery draping methods, which draping technique was found to significantly reduce infection-inflammation?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in infection-inflammation rates between single-layer Kraton drapes and traditional double-layer draping at both 21 days and 6 months postop.
- Infection-inflammation occurred in 4.56% (36/789) of cases; equally distributed across draping techniques.
- Tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) was the most common procedure (61%).
- Kraton drape features an elastic fenestration that seals without adhesives or towel clamps, offering ecological and workflow advantages.
- Mean anesthesia duration was similar between groups (~73.8 min), suggesting draping method did not impact overall surgical time.
- Culture confirmation of infection was low (14 dogs), showing reliance on clinical criteria for diagnosis.
- Potential benefits of single-layer draping include reduced waste, no need for towel clamps, and ease of use without increased risk.
- Limitations included subjective follow-up (nearly 30% indirect via phone/images) and antimicrobial usage in all cases.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Surgical site infection‐inflammation in dogs draped with a single‐layer Kraton elastic seal extremity drape for stifle surgery
2022-3-VS-morgera-2
In Drudi 2022 et al., on CAL vs TAL outcomes, what was the proposed reason for reduced glottic area at t1 in the TAL group?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cricoarytenoid lateralization (CAL) resulted in a significantly greater increase in rima glottidis area at both immediate (205%) and 15-day (199%) time points compared to thyroarytenoid lateralization (TAL) (152% and 127%, respectively).
- TAL group showed a significant reduction in rima glottidis area between immediate and 15-day postoperative measurements (P < .05), while CAL group had no significant reduction over time.
- No dogs in either group showed postoperative complications, including aspiration pneumonia, at the 15-day follow-up.
- All dogs showed improved clinical signs, including decreased stridor and increased exercise tolerance by day 15.
- CAL produced more stable postoperative glottic area, potentially due to preserved anatomical tension, whereas TAL might experience tension loss due to thyroid cartilage repositioning.
- Both procedures were technically effective and performed under the same protocol by a single board-certified surgeon.
- Endoscopic image analysis was used to quantify rima glottidis area, demonstrating a reliable objective method for surgical outcome assessment.
- Clinical outcome did not differ between groups, despite CAL showing a larger rima glottidis area.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Comparison of immediate and short‐term outcomes of cricoarytenoid and thyroarytenoid lateralization in dogs with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis
2022-3-VS-drudi-5
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Key Findings