Your Custom Quiz
In Griffin 2025 et al., on SLN mapping with ICG, which lymph node was identified as sentinel?
🔍 Key Findings
- Case: 9-year-old Labrador with a right caudal pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
- Technique: Peritumoral injection of indocyanine green (ICG) under VATS guidance, followed by near-infrared (NIR) imaging.
- SLN identified: Right tracheobronchial lymph node fluoresced and was safely extirpated.
- Histology: Grade 1 adenocarcinoma, pneumonia, reactive node.
- Outcome: Patient deteriorated and died on postoperative day 3 due to systemic complications (not linked to surgical technique).
- Clinical relevance: First clinical application of SLN mapping for canine pulmonary neoplasia; method feasible with open or minimally invasive approaches.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2025
Intraoperative sentinel lymph node mapping with indocyanine green via video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for primary pulmonary neoplasia in a dog
2025-1-VS-griffin-1
In Beamon 2022 et al., on calcanean tunnel orientation, which construct demonstrated significantly higher yield load than modified tunnels?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in peak load, failure load, stiffness, or 3 mm gap formation among bone tunnel types.
- Transverse tunnel (TT) constructs had 25% higher yield load than modified tunnels (MT) (P = .027).
- Most common failure mode was suture pull-through (67%), with no significant difference between groups.
- Gap formation ≥3 mm occurred in ~90% of constructs; no significant difference in force needed for gap among groups.
- All bone tunnel techniques (TT, VT, MT) are viable options for CCT reattachment in dogs.
- The 3-loop pulley (3LP) pattern provided strong, uniform repair, with higher loads to failure than previously reported.
- TT constructs showed more tendon distortion at the repair interface during loading.
- Inclusion of accessory tendon may have improved repair strength compared to prior studies using GT alone.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Effect of calcanean bone‐tunnel orientation for teno‐osseous repair in a canine common calcanean tendon avulsion model
2022-4-VS-beamon-1
In Miller 2024 et al., on surgical comparison of staphylectomy vs. FFP, which outcome was significantly associated with folded flap palatoplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- FFP resulted in longer median surgery (75 min) and anesthesia (111 min) durations than S (51 min and 80 min, respectively).
- No significant difference in anesthetic complications, regurgitation, aspiration pneumonia, or hospitalization time between S and FFP.
- Major complications were rare (4%) and equally distributed between procedures; included tracheostomy and euthanasia due to severe airway disease.
- Postoperative oxygen use was common (52% of dogs) but not significantly different between procedures.
- FFP dogs more often had laryngeal collapse (especially Grade 1: 68% vs. 32% in S dogs).
- Most dogs (85%) had concurrent nares surgery, with caudal wedge resection more frequent in FFP dogs.
- Few dogs needed revision soft palate surgery (7/124 total); similar between groups.
- Postoperative clinical signs improved across both procedures; regurgitation was the most persistent sign post-op.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Complications and outcome following staphylectomy and folded flap palatoplasty in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome
2024-8-VS-miller-1
In Kwok 2023 et al., on BFX lateral bolt THR in dogs, which type of complication most often led to prosthesis explantation?
🔍 Key Findings
- 97.4% of dogs returned to normal function after total hip replacement using the BFX lateral bolt.
- Mean femoral stem subsidence was 1.22 mm, with most occurring in the first month and minimal thereafter.
- Postoperative complication rate was 13.6%, with 9.2% major and 4.4% minor complications.
- Femoral fractures (3.6%) and coxofemoral luxations (3.6%) were the most common major complications.
- Increased age and higher stem size were risk factors for postoperative femoral fractures; CFI >2.0 was also associated.
- Medial calcar fractures were avoided, and fractures occurred distal to stem ingrowth zone, simplifying repairs.
- Three cases underwent prophylactic plating, all with excellent outcomes and no complications.
- Explant rate was 2.6% (5/195), with most failures involving acetabular cup rather than femoral stem.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Clinical outcomes of canine total hip replacement utilizing a BFX lateral bolt femoral stem: 195 consecutive cases (2013–2019)
2023-1-VS-kwok-5
In Dekerle 2022 et al., on ectopic ureter correction, what **was the 1-month postoperative continence rate** in the studied female dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cystoscopic-guided laser ablation (CLA) was associated with significantly fewer minor complications (13%) than neoureterostomy (100%) (P < .01)
- CLA resulted in significantly fewer recurrences of incontinence compared to neoureterostomy (0/7 vs 5/12; P < .05)
- 80% of dogs achieved continence within 1 month postoperatively, with a median continence score of 10
- Long-term continence was achieved in 88% of dogs, with or without adjunctive treatment, over a median of 66 months
- Major complications occurred in only 8% of dogs, and all were successfully managed with surgical revision
- Persistent ureteral remnants were seen only in neoureterostomy dogs, potentially contributing to incontinence recurrence
- All dogs with incontinence recurrence responded to medical treatment, while only 1/5 with persistent incontinence after surgery did
- CLA is recommended over open surgery for iEU correction, due to lower complication and recurrence rates
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Outcomes of 25 female dogs treated for ectopic ureters by open surgery or cystoscopic-guided laser ablation
2022-4-VS-dekerle-2
In Cherzan 2023 et al., on subcutaneous mast cell tumors, which histologic feature was most strongly associated with shorter disease-free interval and survival time?
🔍 Key Findings
- Local recurrence occurred in 17.8% of dogs, and was associated with significantly decreased survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .0038).
- Lymph node metastasis occurred in 26.7% of dogs and was significantly associated with shorter disease-free interval (194 vs not reached, p = .0012) and lower survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .043).
- Mitotic index >7 was significantly associated with higher recurrence (80% vs 22.5%, p = .02), shorter DFI (139 vs not reached days, p < .001), and shorter survival (247 vs 1722 days, p = .05).
- Infiltrative growth pattern was associated with shorter DFI (268 vs 1864 days, p = .011), but not with survival or recurrence.
- Incomplete margins (≤1 mm) were not significantly associated with recurrence (p = .085), but did correlate with shorter DFI (p = .043).
- Chemotherapy or radiation therapy was associated with shorter DFI and survival, likely due to selection bias for more aggressive disease.
- Tumor size >3 cm was associated with decreased survival (p = .031), but not with recurrence or DFI.
- Multinucleation and necrosis were not associated with prognosis outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Factors affecting prognosis in canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors: 45 cases
2023-4-VS-cherzan-1
In Lopez Barroso 2026 et al., on sacroiliac screw accuracy, which component allowed the screw and washer to be delivered through the guide system?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mean SI joint reduction was 94.25%, exceeding the 90% target considered important to reduce screw loosening
- Mean sacral width purchase was 82.52%, with all screws achieving >60%—a threshold for reducing implant loosening risk
- All 20 screws were accurately placed within the sacral body, confirmed via CT or radiographs
- A 3D-printed drill guide and table-bound system facilitated consistent screw placement via minimally invasive technique
- Craniocaudal and dorsoventral angles were well controlled (mean CCA = –1.22°, DVA = 0.71°), demonstrating accurate trajectory
- No intraoperative complications were reported; all pilot holes drilled on first attempt
- Use of fluoroscopy and orthogonal imaging enhanced surgical accuracy and reduced malposition risk
- The system permitted screw placement through a sleeve that doubled as a muscle retractor, allowing implant delivery without disruption
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Accuracy of a table‐bound reduction and drill guide system for minimally invasive sacroiliac screw placement in cats
2026-1-VS-lopezbarroso-2
In Viljoen 2022 et al., on surgical hand prep protocols, why must the CHX results be interpreted cautiously?
🔍 Key Findings
- Pre-ABHR hand preparation lowered CFUs at 120 minutes post-gloving compared to ABHR alone (P = .001)
- pH-neutral soap followed by ABHR outperformed ABHR alone despite being nonmedicated (P = .001)
- CHX and BAC prewashes showed better immediate CFU reduction post-preparation than pHN (P = .012)
- No significant difference in total log10 CFU reduction across all four groups over the full surgical period (P = .362)
- Glove perforation in the thumb was a significant contamination factor (P = .036)
- All dogs recovered without surgical site infections, though SSI incidence was not a primary outcome
- Neutralizer validation lacking, so CHX results interpreted cautiously
- Study supports a 1-minute hand wash with pH-neutral soap prior to ABHR as effective and safe
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Comparative antimicrobial efficacy of 4 surgical hand‐preparation procedures prior to application of an alcohol-based hand rub in veterinary students
2022-3-VS-viljoen-4
In Danielski 2025 et al., on PUO complication reduction, how did **IM pin breakage** affect clinical outcomes?
🔍 Key Findings
- Combined intramedullary (IM) pin and rhBMP-2 use resulted in a low complication rate (7.4%) after proximal ulnar osteotomy (PUO).
- Major complications occurred in 5.3% of cases (4 infections, 1 pin breakage with ulnar tilt requiring revision).
- Minor complications occurred in 2.1% of cases (seroma, delayed union).
- No cases of non-union were observed; 98.9% of limbs achieved radiographic healing by 6 weeks.
- IM pin breakage was noted in 11.8% of limbs but did not affect healing outcomes.
- Chondrodystrophic breeds made up 64.8% of the cohort and tolerated the procedure well.
- Compared to prior studies, complication rates were substantially reduced with this technique (prior major: 13.9%; this study: 5.3%).
- The use of rhBMP-2 likely enhanced early bone healing and provided biologic support, particularly important in breeds at higher risk of complications.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Impact of intramedullary pinning and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 on postoperative complications after proximal ulnar osteotomy in dogs
2025-6-VS-danielski-4
In Griffin 2025 et al., on sentinel lymph mapping, how many dogs had histologically confirmed lymph node metastasis?
🔍 Key Findings
- Six dogs with thyroid carcinoma underwent preoperative CT lymphography (CTL) and intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping using methylene blue (MB) and indocyanine green (ICG) with near-infrared (NIR) imaging.
- SLNs were successfully identified in all dogs (6/6).
- SLNs included medial retropharyngeal, cranial deep cervical, and superficial cervical nodes.
- Metastatic carcinoma was found in 3/12 SLNs, in 2/6 dogs.
- Some discordance occurred between CTL and intraoperative SLN findings (partial match in 3/6).
- Protocol modifications (e.g., reduced dye volume, post-exposure injection) improved localization and minimized dye diffusion.
- No intraoperative complications or adverse events occurred.
- Study supports further investigation of combined SLN mapping techniques in canine thyroid cancer.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
A combination of pre‐ and intraoperative techniques identifies sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with thyroid carcinoma: A pilot study
2025-4-VS-griffin-3
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings