🔍 Key Findings

• 2.4 mm LCP with a 1.6 mm IM pin had the highest axial stiffness and yield strength among the tested constructs.
• Axial stiffness was significantly higher in the 2.4 mm LCP + 1.6 mm IM pin group compared to 2.7 mm LCP alone (p = .013).
• No significant difference in torsional stiffness was found among groups.
• 2.4 mm LCP + 1.0 mm pin had the lowest stiffness and failure load, underperforming both other constructs.
• All constructs failed via valgus bending, consistent with clinical observations in feline tibial fractures.
• A 1.6 mm pin (~50% canal fill) resulted in superior construct performance vs. 1.0 mm (~30% fill).
• Group 2 (2.4 LCP + 1.6 mm pin) outperformed the 2.7 mm LCP alone in stiffness, despite using a smaller plate.
• Plate–rod constructs may better preserve periosteal blood supply and support minimally invasive stabilization strategies.

🔍 Key Findings

• BLIS (bupivacaine liposome injectable solution) provided equivalent analgesia to fentanyl CRI based on CMPS-SF scores at all time points except 6h, where BLIS was superior
• Fewer adverse effects (nausea, vomiting, sedation) were noted in the BLIS group
• BLIS dogs ate sooner postoperatively (median 6h vs 9h in control)
• Sedation occurred in 2/20 dogs in BLIS group vs 10/20 in fentanyl group
• Vomiting occurred in 0/20 BLIS dogs vs 4/20 in fentanyl group
• Rescue analgesia rates were similar (5 BLIS vs 4 fentanyl group), confirming noninferiority
• Owner-reported VAS scores were lower for BLIS on day 1 a.m. and p.m. despite variability
• Results suggest BLIS could reduce opioid reliance post-amputation

🔍 Key Findings

• Chlorhexidine-based asepsis protocols were comparable to povidone-iodine for reducing surgical site infection (SSI) rates in veterinary surgery.
• No significant difference in skin bacterial colonization was observed between the two antiseptics, at both immediate and delayed timepoints.
• Chlorhexidine-alcohol protocols showed a non-significant trend toward improved bacterial reduction in some studies, though inconsistent across all studies.
• Use of neutralizing agents was inconsistent, which may have led to overestimation of antiseptic efficacy in several studies.
• Formulations and concentrations varied widely (e.g., chlorhexidine 0.5–4%, povidone-iodine 0.7–1%), contributing to heterogeneity and limiting definitive conclusions.
• Only a minority of studies reported using CDC criteria for SSI diagnosis, affecting the reliability of infection outcomes.
• Risk of bias was high or unclear in multiple domains across all included studies, limiting overall confidence in conclusions.
• Meta-analysis confirmed no statistically significant superiority of either protocol for SSI prevention or skin bacterial reduction.

🔍 Key Findings

• CT correctly identified ectopic ureters in 91% of dogs, but missed 50% of normal ureters, limiting its negative predictive value.
• Sensitivity for intramural ectopic ureters was 65%, while specificity was 71%, indicating moderate diagnostic performance.
• Sensitivity for extramural ectopic ureters was only 29%, despite a high specificity of 97%.
• CT was inaccurate in predicting ureteral orifice location, with sensitivity ranging from 0% to 76% depending on the site.
• 26% of dogs were misclassified for cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA) eligibility based on CT findings alone.
• Overall CT accuracy for CLA candidacy was 74%, but a significant minority would have been inappropriately treated.
• Multivariate analysis found no predictive factors (e.g., colon distension, body weight) for when CT would be incorrect.
• Authors recommend confirmatory cystoscopy to verify CT findings prior to treatment planning.

🔍 Key Findings

• COR of elbows with FMCP was significantly more caudal compared to normal elbows, based on CT-derived geometry.
• In normal elbows, 74% of medial and 93% of lateral axes exited cranial and distal to the epicondyles.
• In FMCP elbows, 81% of medial and 70% of lateral axes exited caudal and distal to the epicondyles.
• Different landmark combinations produced slightly different COR approximations, especially between humeral vs. radius/ulna-based axes.
• The medial-lateral axis using trochlea and capitulum centers provided the most consistent COR approximation.
• COR estimations based on diseased elbows may not match normal joint geometry, impacting implant alignment accuracy.
• External epicondylar landmarks may be useful intraoperatively to estimate COR location, but variability limits precision.
• Drill diameter size may buffer small COR differences, but impact in advanced disease or bilateral cases remains unclear.

🔍 Key Findings

• 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) significantly improved accuracy of drill hole entry (p < 0.001) and exit (p = 0.044) compared to commercial aiming devices (AD).
• Zero joint penetrations occurred with PSGs, whereas 3 of 7 AD-guided screws were predicted to penetrate the joint (p = 0.19).
• Variance in exit point and drill angle was significantly lower in PSG group, suggesting more consistent results.
• One PSG case failed due to improper guide seating, but this was corrected with improved soft tissue clearance.
• PSGs enabled safer trajectories despite use by novice surgeons, emphasizing their value in less experienced hands.
• Drill holes placed with ADs deviated more cranially and distally, increasing the risk of articular violation.
• Use of PSGs allowed for tighter clustering of drill trajectories, especially in the cranial–caudal axis.
• Subjective feedback favored PSGs for ease of use and ergonomic design, despite requiring slightly larger incisions.

🔍 Key Findings

• Intra- and postoperative complications occurred only in stapled lobectomies, but the difference was not statistically significant (intra: p = .069, post: p = .112).
• Intraoperative hemorrhage was the most common complication (11.8%), followed by air leakage (2%).
• All self-ligating loop (SLL) lobectomies had zero complications (n=18), though the sample was small.
• Postoperative complications included 4 catastrophic events (cardiopulmonary arrest), all in stapled cases.
• Lung lobectomy technique was not associated with duration of chest tube use, hospitalization, or survival (p > .05).
• 94.3% of patients survived to discharge (82/87).
• SLLs are lower-cost and may be more feasible for thoracoscopic/minimally invasive approaches due to smaller port size (5mm vs. 12mm for staplers).
• A future superiority study would need ≥103 lobectomies per group to assess differences in complication rates.

🔍 Key Findings

• CT correctly identified ectopic ureters in 91% of dogs, but missed 50% of normal ureters, limiting its negative predictive value.
• Sensitivity for intramural ectopic ureters was 65%, while specificity was 71%, indicating moderate diagnostic performance.
• Sensitivity for extramural ectopic ureters was only 29%, despite a high specificity of 97%.
• CT was inaccurate in predicting ureteral orifice location, with sensitivity ranging from 0% to 76% depending on the site.
• 26% of dogs were misclassified for cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA) eligibility based on CT findings alone.
• Overall CT accuracy for CLA candidacy was 74%, but a significant minority would have been inappropriately treated.
• Multivariate analysis found no predictive factors (e.g., colon distension, body weight) for when CT would be incorrect.
• Authors recommend confirmatory cystoscopy to verify CT findings prior to treatment planning.

🔍 Key Findings

80 toy breed dogs with surgically repaired transverse radius/ulna fractures were analyzed.
Fracture gap in the caudal cortex was present in 46% of cases.
Implant failure rate:

• 27% in cases with fracture gap
• 2% in cases without fracture gap

Fracture gap significantly associated with implant failure:

• OR = 23.0, 95% CI: 2.7–197.9, p = 0.004

Absence of external coaptation also associated with increased implant failure risk:

• OR = 10.1, 95% CI: 1.1–89.6, p = 0.04

Prolonged external coaptation (>1 week) linked to non-implant complications (skin wounds, osteopenia, osteomyelitis):

• OR = 5.4, p = 0.04

Plate thickness, type, open screw holes, and working length were not statistically significant predictors of implant failure after multivariable analysis.

🔍 Key Findings

• Ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy had the highest complication rates: intraoperative (7%) and postoperative (41%)
• Axillary lymphadenectomy showed the lowest complication rates: intraoperative (1%) and postoperative (16%)
• Enlarged or metastatic lymph nodes were significantly associated with intraoperative complications (p = .030)
• Postoperative complications were mostly minor (Grade 1) and self-limiting (seromas, edema)
• Medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy had intermediate complication rates: postoperative complications in 26%
• No significant predictors retained significance in multivariate analysis
• Use of methylene blue was associated with fewer complications, although not statistically significant
• Complication rates did not result in mortality, and all were manageable; MST was 374 days