🔍 Key Findings

Sample: 21 cats (10 control, 11 affected); 14 normal limbs vs 18 with MPL (MPL II: 7, MPL III: 11).

Significantly different CT measurements in MPL vs control:

• aLDFA: MPL II > control and MPL III (p = 0.014)
• FTW: MPL III > control (p = 0.021)
• FTD: control > MPL II and III (p < 0.001)
• TTA: MPL II and III had increased external tibial torsion vs control (p < 0.001)
• fPL and PV: MPL III cats had longer and more voluminous patellae

No significant differences in AA, mMPTA, TTD, fPW, aPH.
Patella width exceeded trochlear width in all groups.
Authors suggest femoral and tibial angular correction may not be indicated in most feline MPL II–III cases.
Soft tissue techniques and trochleoplasty warrant further investigation.
CT method: Intraobserver ICC good in 64%, interobserver poor in 36% of metrics.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 20 shoulders from 11 medium-to-large breed dogs evaluated
• Lateral portals used: middle arthroscopic, caudal instrument, cranial egress
• Musculotendinous lesions unavoidable, but small (18G needle); seen in deltoideus (90%), infraspinatus, teres minor, etc.
• Neurovascular safety:
  • Caudal portal was closest to axillary artery/nerve branches (as close as 7 mm)
  • Only 2/20 shoulders (10%) had omobrachial vein penetrated
• Cartilage injuries (IACI) occurred in 65%, primarily minor linear defects; use of guarded cannulas and distractors suggested for minimization
• Supports overall safety of lateral shoulder arthroscopy with portal placement awareness

🔍 Key Findings

• NIRF altered surgical strategy in 3 of 20 GDV dogs, identifying necrosis not appreciated subjectively.
• Fundic fluorescence <10% indicated histologically confirmed gastric necrosis.
• In 1 dog, NIRF revealed nonviability despite the surgeon’s impression of viability.
• Staple line fluorescence resembled viable tissue in the only stapled gastrectomy, suggesting preservation of perfusion.
• GDV dogs (even “viable”) showed lower fluorescence vs. healthy controls, indicating subclinical vascular compromise.
• Histology confirmed full-thickness necrosis in all 4 dogs with NIRF-defined nonviability.
• Pre-op lactate was significantly higher in nonviable GDV dogs (8.55 vs 4.89 mmol/L, p=0.03).
• No complications were reported from ICG use; imaging was safe and repeatable.

🔍 Key Findings

• Locked facet injuries in dogs involved unilateral dorsal displacement of the cranial articular process of the caudal vertebra, most commonly at C5/6 or C6/7.
• All affected dogs were small/toy breeds, typically following trauma (most often attacks by larger dogs).
• Neurologic severity ranged from ambulatory tetraparesis to tetraplegia, often with thoracic limb deficits more severe than pelvic limbs — suggesting a central cord syndrome-like pattern.
• CT and MRI revealed axial rotation, subluxation, and articular process displacement; MRI showed T2 hyperintensity, nerve root impingement, and soft tissue changes.
• Surgical treatment included ventral fixation with screws, pins, and PMMA, and one case required dorsal facetectomy for reduction.
• Medical management, including external coaptation or rest, also resulted in functional recovery in select cases.
• All dogs with follow-up data (8/8) had functional recovery, with nonambulatory dogs regaining ambulation in a median of 4 weeks.
• No consistent differences in outcome were observed between surgical and nonsurgical management, suggesting locked facets may be biomechanically stable.

🔍 Key Findings

• Ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy had the highest complication rates: intraoperative (7%) and postoperative (41%)
• Axillary lymphadenectomy showed the lowest complication rates: intraoperative (1%) and postoperative (16%)
• Enlarged or metastatic lymph nodes were significantly associated with intraoperative complications (p = .030)
• Postoperative complications were mostly minor (Grade 1) and self-limiting (seromas, edema)
• Medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy had intermediate complication rates: postoperative complications in 26%
• No significant predictors retained significance in multivariate analysis
• Use of methylene blue was associated with fewer complications, although not statistically significant
• Complication rates did not result in mortality, and all were manageable; MST was 374 days

🔍 Key Findings

Population: 24 dogs (<8.5 months) undergoing unilateral cementless THR.
Growth Impact:

• Operated femurs showed ~11.5% less trochanteric growth than controls (p = .002).
• No significant difference in femoral diaphyseal + epiphyseal length (p = .712) or femur overall (p = .465).

Cortical Width:

• Increased significantly at 10 mm distal to trochanter (4.6% increase, p = .037) and at 50% femoral length (8.5% increase, p = .030).

Clinical relevance: Despite measurable changes, no clinically significant impairment to femoral length occurred.
Effect Sizes:

• Moderate negative for trochanteric growth.
• Moderate positive for proximal femoral width.

🔍 Key Findings

• Cook system had good reliability across all cases (ICC = 0.848), even when complications, sequelae, and failure-to-cure were included.
• aCD system had excellent reliability when excluding sequelae/failure-to-cure cases (ICC = 0.975) but only moderate reliability when including them (ICC = 0.620).
• Majority of complications (60–63%) were graded as Grade 3 in the aCD system, corresponding to surgical or anesthetic intervention.
• Cook system classified most cases (78–81%) as major complications.
• Assessors had difficulty distinguishing sequelae from Grade 1 complications, and failure-to-cure from Grades 1–2, reducing aCD reliability.
• The aCD system offers more resolution (5 grades vs. 3) and less subjectivity through objective definitions.
• Novel terminology (e.g., sequelae, failure to cure) in the aCD system may hinder its uptake without proper training.
• Reclassifying expected events (e.g., swelling, bruising) as sequelae could significantly reduce reported complication rates in other studies.

🔍 Key Findings

• TPLO mRUST scoring showed improved inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.56) compared to subjective evaluation (Kappa = 0.33).
• Intra-rater reliability was similar for both methods (TPLO mRUST: 0.73, subjective: 0.72).
• TPLO mRUST scores ≥10/12 strongly correlated with radiographic union, as subjectively assessed (99% agreement).
• No significant difference in healing between first and second TPLO sides (P = .09), countering assumptions about load-bearing impact.
• Higher initial lameness scores and younger age were associated with higher TPLO mRUST scores, suggesting more robust healing in those groups.
• Postoperative complications were linked to lower TPLO mRUST scores, indicating impaired healing.
• Medial cortex was excluded from scoring due to plate obstruction, validating use of only 3 cortices for scoring.
• The TPLO mRUST system may standardize healing assessment, reducing subjective bias across specialties.

🔍 Key Findings

• Modified prepubic urethrostomy (mPPU) was effective for managing proximal urethral obstructions in male cats.
• All 8 cats regained voluntary urination within 24 hours postoperatively.
• Early urinary incontinence and peristomal dermatitis occurred in all cats but were self-limiting.
• Two cats (25%) required surgical revision due to stomal obstruction from weight gain and abdominal fat.
• No intraoperative complications were reported in any of the 8 cats.
• Follow-up (13–84 months) showed sustained urinary continence and owner satisfaction in all cases.
• The rectus abdominis muscle tunnel likely increased outflow resistance, minimizing persistent incontinence.
• Recurrent hematuria and dysuria occurred in 3 cats but were managed conservatively.

🔍 Key Findings

40 dogs underwent splenectomy using 16 bipolar vessel sealing devices (VSDs)
Devices were reused up to 4 times after handwashing and ethylene oxide (EtO) sterilization
Biologic debris was found in 100% of devices, specifically under the transection blade, even after a single use

• Mostly scant (14/16) or mild (2/16) debris

No devices or debris yielded positive aerobic culture after EtO sterilization
EtO sterilization proved microbiologically effective despite visible residue
Perioperative failure rate: 1 device (malfunctioned during first activation)