🔍 Key Findings

• Bandage-associated complications occurred in 68.4% of cats (104/152) following clean orthopaedic procedures, highlighting the high risk of postoperative coaptation complications in feline patients.
• Most complications were mild (64.4%), while 32.7% were moderate and 2.9% severe, indicating that although common, severe outcomes are relatively rare.
• Use of a splint significantly increased complication severity, with splinted cats 3.42× more likely to develop moderate or severe complications (p = 0.012).
• Complication incidence was not significantly influenced by bandage duration, limb involved, injury location, or professional role of the bandage applier.
• The most common complications were soiled/wet bandages (34.6%), skin irritation (31.7%), bandage slippage (30.8%), pressure sores (29.8%), chewing (20.2%), and toe swelling (19.2%).
• Distal pelvic limb injuries (tarsus and distal) showed the highest proportion of complications (81.5%), suggesting distal limb bandaging in cats carries greater risk.
• Bandages were most commonly applied after osteosynthesis procedures, but procedure type was not associated with complication occurrence (p = 0.720).
• Findings support cautious use of postoperative bandaging in cats, particularly splinted bandages, and emphasize vigilant monitoring and careful case selection.

🔍 Key Findings

Study design: Randomized cadaveric comparison (n=20 dogs; ILR vs PDR)

Approaches:

• ILR = Intercostal in Left Lateral Recumbency (no OLV required)
• PDR = Paraxiphoid in Dorsal Recumbency (traditional)

Outcomes:

• Pericardiectomy time was shorter for ILR (p = .045)
• Pericardial fragment size was significantly larger in PDR group (p = .004; 23.21 cm² difference)
• Visibility and cardiac exposure were superior in PDR group

Feasibility:

• ILR approach was consistently successful in achieving partial pericardiectomy
• Bilateral ventilation was adequate; no need for OLV

Clinical relevance:

• ILR may improve efficiency when paired with TDL
• PDR remains preferable for cases requiring maximal pericardial resection

🔍 Key Findings

• The Canine Humeral Anatomic Plating System (CHAPS) was designed using CT-based 3D modeling of 100 canine humeri from 5–50 kg.
• Four plate sizes (TP1–TP4) were developed to accommodate a wide range of canine body sizes.
• Plate contour fit was evaluated across 48 cadaveric limbs and showed a 97.5% median surface match, demonstrating excellent topographic conformity.
• Screw hole placement avoided 95–100% of critical anatomical structures including the supratrochlear foramen and nutrient foramen.
• The plates were designed for use with locking screws, improving biomechanical stability for humeral diaphyseal fractures.
• CHAPS plates showed consistent alignment with humeral curvature in both craniocaudal and mediolateral planes.
• CT data revealed marked breed and size variation, but the multi-size design achieved broad anatomical applicability.
• The system provides an anatomic solution with potentially fewer intraoperative contouring needs and reduced iatrogenic risk.

🔍 Key Findings

• Each PLC significantly increased passive range of motion (ROM) in the sagittal and dorsal planes (p < .05).
• No significant change was observed in rotational ROM after either PLC.
• First PLC increased sagittal ROM by 2.4° (23% increase); second PLC added 1.0° (8% increase).
• Dorsal ROM increased by 2.3° after first PLC and 1.5° after second PLC.
• Second PLC did not cause greater destabilization than the first — both contributed similarly to ROM increase.
• Failure testing showed that spinal segments with two PLCs failed at 13 Nm, while native spines withstood up to 25 Nm, suggesting reduced load-bearing capacity but not clinically significant under normal conditions.
• Rotational stability was preserved, possibly due to intact facet joints and lamina, which play a larger role in rotation.
• Study supports the clinical feasibility of two consecutive PLCs, but cautions against excessive bone removal due to potential for spinal instability.

🔍 Key Findings

Synovitis was present in 100% of canine stifles with CCL disease (n = 163).

The most frequent severity score was 3/5 (55.2%), followed by 4/5 (24.5%).

Higher synovitis scores were significantly associated with:

• Higher median cartilage scores (p = .042, OR = 2.1 per unit increase)
• Longer duration of clinical signs (p < .001, OR = 1.27 per month)

Bodyweight (p = .083) and sex (p = .17) were not statistically significant in multivariable analysis.

Bucket handle meniscal tears were not associated with synovitis severity.

Clinical implication: Earlier intervention may help reduce synovitis and slow OA progression.

🔍 Key Findings

• Cook system had good reliability across all cases (ICC = 0.848), even when complications, sequelae, and failure-to-cure were included.
• aCD system had excellent reliability when excluding sequelae/failure-to-cure cases (ICC = 0.975) but only moderate reliability when including them (ICC = 0.620).
• Majority of complications (60–63%) were graded as Grade 3 in the aCD system, corresponding to surgical or anesthetic intervention.
• Cook system classified most cases (78–81%) as major complications.
• Assessors had difficulty distinguishing sequelae from Grade 1 complications, and failure-to-cure from Grades 1–2, reducing aCD reliability.
• The aCD system offers more resolution (5 grades vs. 3) and less subjectivity through objective definitions.
• Novel terminology (e.g., sequelae, failure to cure) in the aCD system may hinder its uptake without proper training.
• Reclassifying expected events (e.g., swelling, bruising) as sequelae could significantly reduce reported complication rates in other studies.

🔍 Key Findings

Overall accuracy of radiography to detect IAIP: 77.9%

Sensitivity: 97.2%
Specificity: 67.6%

False positive rate: 32.4% of non-penetrating implants were misclassified as penetrating

Implants directed toward the lateral tibial condyle had higher misclassification (23.8%) than medial (8.3%)

Most accurate detection: Implants placed 2 mm into the joint (97.2% correct classification)

Least agreement: For implants placed at 0 mm (subchondral level), especially lateral (AC1 = 0.48)

No palpable abnormalities (e.g., crepitus) observed during ROM for any group

No significant difference in detection by specialty field or reviewer qualification

Suggests radiographic misclassification risk and supports considering CT/fluoroscopy in equivocal cases

🔍 Key Findings

• Simulated quadriceps and gastrocnemius forces increased proportionally with axial load in all three femoral fixation models.
• Model 2 (rigid fixation) resulted in subphysiologic quadriceps forces and abnormally high gastrocnemius forces, reducing model fidelity.
• Models 1 and 3 (with hip mobility) produced more physiologic quadriceps and force ratios, especially under 30–40% bodyweight loads.
• Force ratios were significantly lower in rigid fixation (Model 2) compared to hip-mobile models (p = .007), suggesting model design affects simulated muscle coordination.
• Joint angles (stifle and hock) remained within acceptable limits, though slight flexion occurred with increasing load.
• Relative foot position differed by ~3.9 mm between models 2 and 3, with model 2 showing a more caudal position.
• Model 3 preserved benefits of hip mobility while allowing radiographic documentation, making it a preferred setup for future studies.
• The study suggests that models used in feline stifle stabilization research may underestimate physiologic forces, especially with rigid fixation designs.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Retrospective study of 33 fractures in 31 cats with Salter–Harris I or II distal femoral fractures
• Used 1 intramedullary Steinmann pin + 1 laterally placed antirotational pin
• 96.9% achieved full functional outcome at mid-term follow-up
• No implant migration or removal required
• Minor complications: 2 seromas; Major: 3 (patellar luxation [2], osteomyelitis [1])
• Growth plate remained open in 27.3% of cases at 6–8 weeks post-op

🔍 Key Findings

• Modified block recession calcaneoplasty restored full clinical function in all dogs (11 limbs in 9 dogs) at long-term follow-up.
• Objective gait function improved significantly, with symmetry index improving from 0.20 ± 0.13 preoperatively to 0.05 ± 0.03 at long-term follow-up (p = .03).
• No routine postoperative tarsal immobilization was used, yet stable tendon positioning and excellent outcomes were achieved in most cases.
• Overall complication rate was 45%, including 18% major complications requiring revision surgery and 27% minor complications.
• Only one reluxation occurred, secondary to fracture of an overly narrow medial calcaneal wall; successful revision prevented further recurrence.
• CT confirmed persistent deepening of the calcaneal groove and uneventful healing with variable osseous remodeling at long-term follow-up.
• Ultrasonography demonstrated normalization of tendon fiber architecture at long-term evaluation despite heterogeneous appearance in many tendons at 6 weeks.
• Most dogs were Shetland Sheepdogs (8/9), supporting breed predisposition, and all luxations were lateral.