Your Custom Quiz
In Giansetto 2022 et al., on preputial urethrostomy, what complication was observed in 2 out of 4 dogs following the procedure?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified preputial urethrostomy without penile amputation was successfully performed in 4 male dogs with urethral stenosis or trauma.
- The technique involved anastomosis of the pelvic urethra to the preputial mucosa via caudal celiotomy, avoiding perineal urethrostomy complications.
- No cases of skin scalding or stoma stenosis were reported during short- and long-term follow-up.
- Two dogs developed mild urinary incontinence, particularly when excited; one improved with phenylpropanolamine.
- The approach preserved local anatomy, avoiding penile amputation, osteotomies, and preputial dissection.
- Postoperative urinary catheterization was used to protect the anastomosis, although optimal duration remains debated.
- Surgical access via the linea alba minimized tension at the anastomosis site and avoided complications from paramedian approaches.
- This technique may serve as a viable alternative to prepubic urethrostomy, reducing urine-related skin complications and improving cosmetic outcome.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Preputial urethrostomy with preservation of the local anatomy in 4 dogs
2022-8-VS-giansetto-2
In Karlin 2026 et al., on acetabular cup radiography, which parameter measured using the cup position assessment device (CPAD) demonstrated near-perfect agreement with the known value?
🔍 Key Findings
- CPAD accurately measured angle of lateral opening (ALO) on sagittal radiographs with near-perfect agreement (Lin’s Rc = 0.994) compared with known angles.
- No significant difference between measured and true ALO values was detected (p = 0.655), supporting accuracy of the device for this parameter.
- Mean ALO measurement error was only 0.14° ± 1.18°, indicating high precision of the CPAD method.
- Open-face version measurements were significantly inaccurate compared with known values (p < 0.0001).
- Mean error in version measurement was 9.5° ± 6.31°, showing only moderate agreement (Rc = 0.424).
- Measurement error in version likely resulted from radiographic superimposition of the V-axis bar with the cup edge, making bar endpoints difficult to identify.
- CPAD accuracy for ALO (~1.18°) is nearly five times better than previous radiographic techniques, which typically achieve ~5° accuracy.
- Intraoperative fluoroscopic use of CPAD may allow real-time adjustment of cup orientation, potentially reducing luxation risk after canine THA.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2026
In Vitro Evaluation of a Device to Assess Acetabular Cup Position by Sagittal Plane Radiography
2026-2-vcot-karlin-1
In Parker 2023 et al., on Locoregional analgesia in TPLO, what percentage of respondents reported that peripheral nerve blocks (PNB) were effective 81–100% of the time?
🔍 Key Findings
- Peripheral nerve block (PNB) was preferred by 79% of anesthesiologists; lumbosacral epidural (LE) by 21%; PI <1%.
- Time since board-certification significantly influenced preference: PNB favored by newer diplomates, LE favored by more senior ones (p < .001).
- Employment sector mattered: PNB was preferred more in private practice, LE more in academia (p = .003).
- PNB perceived as more effective, with 78% reporting 81–100% effectiveness; compared to 55% for LE.
- PNB associated with fewer adverse effects (75%) than LE (4%) and PI (21%).
- PNB required less rescue analgesia intraoperatively (57%) and postoperatively (54%) than LE or PI.
- LE preferred for bilateral TPLOs and in smaller dogs; PNB for larger dogs, due to motor function preservation.
- Dexmedetomidine was the most common additive to PNB; bupivacaine-only was most used for PNB.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Pelvic limb anesthesia and analgesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO): A survey of board-certified anesthesiologists
2023-4-VS-parker-4
In Petchell 2025 et al., on CORA-based CCWO, what was the key advantage of the CCWOCORA method in achieving postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPAPOST)?
🔍 Key Findings
- The CORA-based cranial closing wedge ostectomy (CCWOCORA) consistently achieved the target postoperative TPA of 5° across all tibial morphologies.
- CCWOCORA produced significantly less variability in postoperative TPA compared to other methods (TPA range: 5.00–5.00°; p < .001).
- Mechanical axis advancement (MAA) was precisely controlled at 3° in CCWOCORA, leading to greater surgical predictability.
- Other techniques (e.g., CCWOTPA, CCWOTPA–5, CCWOISO) showed greater variance in TPA, MAA, and tibial length.
- In small-breed dogs, increasing the MAA from 3° to 5° did not affect TPA outcomes, but increased proximal bone stock, improving feasibility.
- Wedge angles and tibial length changes varied by method, but CCWOCORA maintained length better than TPA-based methods.
- The technique allows preoperative planning of both desired MAA and TPA, enhancing predictability and customization.
- CORA methodology enables precise geometric correction and alignment of mechanical axes, reducing reliance on trial-and-error alignment.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
An in silico comparison of a novel CORA-based cranial closing wedge ostectomy methodology with three other techniques
2025-7-VS-petchell-1
In Jeong 2025 et al., on contoured saw guide vs jig, what was the effect of each on *postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA)*?
🔍 Key Findings
- TPLO with the contoured saw guide achieved more accurate osteotomy angles for both inclination and torsion in bone models and cadaveric limbs (p < .05).
- Medial cortical damage was significantly lower with the contoured guide (247 vs. 1866 pixels in bone models; p < .001).
- No significant difference in eccentricity (distance between actual and intended osteotomy center) was found between groups.
- Postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA) was similar between groups (6.4° vs. 7.6°; p = .15), though both were slightly higher than the target of 6°.
- Deviation in medial mechanical proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) showed no significant group difference; valgus deformity occurred in both.
- Osteotomy and device application times were similar between the contoured guide and jig-assisted TPLO.
- The contoured guide eliminated the need for proximal jig pin, potentially reducing intra-articular pin risk.
- The guide's multiple pin fixation system improved stability and alignment, supporting safer osteotomy on curved tibial surfaces.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Evaluation of a contoured saw guide for tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs
2025-7-VS-jeong-3
In Low 2024 et al., on TCS for HIF, what was the overall complication rate across all elbows?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 47 dogs (57 elbows) underwent TCS placement for HIF
- Overall complication rate = 17.5%
- Minor: seromas (7 elbows)
- Major: septic arthritis (3 elbows) — all resolved with antibiotics
- No screw failures, medial epicondylar fractures, or catastrophic outcomes noted
- Long-term follow-up in 41 dogs (50 elbows):
- 90% full function, 10% acceptable function
- Mean follow-up = ~2.5 years
- Increased age was significantly protective (p = 0.0051; OR = 0.61)
- TCS placement method (freehand, guide, aiming device) significantly impacted screw angulation but not complication rate
- Outcome not affected by presence of complications
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
4
2024
Long-Term Outcome and Complications after Transcondylar Screw Placement for Canine Humeral Intracondylar Fissure
2024-4-VCOT-low-1
In Klever 2024 et al., which statement about evaluating Norberg angle on laterally tilted radiographs is correct?
🔍 Key Findings
- Dorsoventral radiographs artificially increase Norberg angle values by 3.2–5.8% and should be excluded.
- Lateral pelvic tilt >2° causes asymmetric changes in Norberg angle; >3° results in significant side-specific changes.
- Cranioventral-to-caudodorsal tilt >10° results in obvious radiographic tilt, but changes Norberg angle by only ~2%.
- Tilted but subjectively acceptable images have minor impact and may still be usable for screening.
- Norberg angle readings differed consistently between left/right hips — possibly due to operator handedness.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Influence of Femoral Position and Pelvic Projection on Norberg Angle Measurements
2024-1-VCOT-klever-3
In Story 2024 et al., on surgical correction of excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA), which procedure consistently under-corrected the tibial plateau angle despite a target TPA of 0°?
🔍 Key Findings
- All four techniques achieved TPA <14°, meeting the threshold for acceptable surgical correction in eTPA cases.
- Group A (CBLO + CCWO) and Group D (PTNWO) showed highest accuracy in achieving target TPA values.
- Group B (TPLO + CCWO) resulted in significant tibial shortening compared to other techniques.
- Group A caused the greatest cranial mechanical axis shift, while Group B caused the least.
- Group C (mCCWO) resulted in consistent under-correction of TPA, despite aiming for 0°.
- Modified or neutral wedge osteotomies (Groups C and D) had minimal effect on tibial length, making them suitable when preservation is important.
- All techniques involved mechanical axis shifts, highlighting the importance of preoperative planning to minimize morphologic disruption.
- Supplemental fixation was standard for all procedures to reduce risks such as tibial tuberosity fracture and plateau leveling loss.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Morphologic impact of four surgical techniques to correct excessive tibial plateau angle in dogs: A theoretical radiographic analysis
2024-8-VS-story-4
In Almeida 2025 et al., on TPLO and partial CCL rupture, what effect did CCL remnant transection have on postoperative patellar ligament thickness?
🔍 Key Findings
- Transecting the CCL remnant during TPLO did not reduce patellar ligament thickening (PLT) at any measured point (proximal, mid, distal).
- Transection also failed to reduce postoperative patellar ligament shortening (PLL) at 6 weeks.
- Both groups (transected vs non-transected) showed significant thickening and shortening, with greatest PLT increase at the midpoint.
- Increased PLT was positively correlated with tibial plateau rotation (p = 0.02) and postoperative TPA (p = 0.04).
- No correlation between TT-O (tibial tuberosity width index) and PLT, suggesting narrow osteotomies did not influence PLT in this population.
- Partial CCL rupture was not significantly protective; dogs with partial tears still developed ligament thickening.
- Post-TPLO mid-patellar ligament thickening may relate to Gelpi retractor placement and osteotomy mechanics rather than CCL status.
- Authors do not recommend CCL transection during TPLO to prevent desmitis, citing possible increased instability and degeneration.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Effect of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection during TPLO on Patellar Desmitis in Dogs with Partial Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture
2025-4-VCOT-almeida-1
In Marti 2024 et al., on surgical outcomes in feline sialoceles, what complication occurred due to surgical misidentification?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mandibular and sublingual glands were the most commonly involved salivary glands in feline sialoceles.
- Left-sided lesions were more prevalent (71%) among affected cats.
- Ranulae were present in over half (57%) of cases, highlighting the importance of thorough oral exams.
- Surgical approaches included lateral, ventral, intraoral, or combinations thereof, with no recurrences reported.
- Marsupialization alone (without gland removal) resolved clinical signs in 4/21 cats, with no short-term recurrence noted.
- Complications occurred in 5/21 cats (24%), including incisional swelling and one case of feline oral pain syndrome.
- One cat experienced iatrogenic injury from misidentification of the mandibular lymph node as the gland.
- Median follow-up time beyond 30 days was 822 days (range: 90–1205), with no long-term recurrences or contralateral lesions observed.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Outcomes of surgically treated sialoceles in 21 cats: A multi‐institutional retrospective study (2010–2021)
2024-7-VS-marti-3
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings