Your Custom Quiz
In Thompson 2024 et al., on cyanoacrylate enterotomy sealants, what was the most common leak location in the cyanoacrylate-only (CE) group?
🔍 Key Findings
- Highest initial leak pressure (ILP) observed in the handsewn + cyanoacrylate (HS + CE) group: 83.3 ± 4.6 mmHg (p < .001 vs. others).
- Lowest ILP: cyanoacrylate-only group (CE): 18.6 ± 3.5 mmHg.
- No significant MIP difference between handsewn (HSE) and HS + CE groups (p = .19); CE had significantly lower MIP (22.7 mmHg).
- Leak location:
- HSE: 60% from suture holes
- CE: 100% from incisional line
- HS + CE: 60% from incisional line, 40% from suture holes
- Authors conclude cyanoacrylate augmentation significantly increases ILP and could reduce enterotomy leakage risk.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Effects of cyanoacrylate on leakage pressures of cooled canine cadaveric jejunal enterotomies
2024-2-VS-thompson-2
In Canever 2022 et al., on labial flap vascular anatomy, which intraoperative technique was used to help locate labial vessels prior to flap design?
🔍 Key Findings
- Superior and inferior labial arteries in cats perfuse robust angiosomes, which support musculomucosal axial pattern flaps.
- Cadaver angiography confirmed vascular anatomy, with consistent patterns between sides and among specimens.
- The vascular supply is located primarily in the musculomucosal layer, not the skin, critical for flap viability.
- Flap harvest requires inclusion of the orbicularis oris (± buccinator) muscle to ensure vascular integrity and flap survival.
- Two clinical cases demonstrated successful use of superior and inferior labial musculomucosal flaps for palatal reconstruction with complete flap survival and resolution of clinical signs.
- Intraoperative transillumination aided vessel localization, facilitating surgical planning and flap design.
- No cases of distal flap necrosis or dehiscence occurred, although mild donor site morbidity (lip retraction, mucosal denuding) was noted.
- These flaps offer a valuable option when local tissues are compromised, especially after failed previous repairs or radiation therapy.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Evaluation of the superior and inferior labial musculomucosal flaps in cats: An angiographic study and case series
2022-4-VS-canever-2
In Husi 2023 et al., on TPLO vs TPLO-IB biomechanics, what was concluded about the intraoperative utility of the tibial pivot compression test (TPT)?
🔍 Key Findings
- TPLO alone failed to neutralize rotational instability under tibial pivot compression (TPT), despite a negative TCT.
- TPLO combined with lateral augmentation (TPLO-IB) restored both craniocaudal and rotational stability to near-intact levels.
- Cranial tibial translation was 6× greater after TPLO vs intact stifles when tested with TPT (p < .001).
- No significant difference in cranial tibial translation or internal rotation between intact stifles and TPLO-IB group during TCT, eTPT, or iTPT.
- TPLO-IB did not overconstrain the stifle, avoiding excessive external rotation.
- External tibial rotation (eTPT) was more sensitive than TCT in detecting persistent instability after TPLO.
- Excellent intraobserver reliability for both eTPT and iTPT (ICC > 0.9).
- Study supports intraoperative use of TPT to identify cases needing additional rotational stabilization.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Comparative kinetic and kinematic evaluation of TPLO and TPLO combined with extra-articular lateral augmentation: A biomechanical study
2023-5-VS-husi-4
In Redolfi 2024 et al., what was the long-term rate of MPL resolution following TPLO-TTT?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study of 24 stifles in 22 dogs with concurrent CCLR and grade III–IV MPL treated via TPLO-TTT
- Major complications: 4/24 (3 surgical site infections, 1 MPL reluxation); minor complications: 5/24
- Long-term follow-up (median 27 months): 21/22 dogs sound, 23/24 stifles resolved
- Patellar ligament thickening observed post-op in 4 cases, resolved with rehab
- The only case of MPL reluxation involved untreated tibial torsion, suggesting case selection is critical
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Complications and Long-Term Outcomes after Combined Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy and Tibial Tuberosity Transposition for Treatment of Concurrent Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Grade III or IV Medial Patellar Luxation
2024-1-VCOT-redolfi-1
In Guevara 2024 et al., on implant placement accuracy, which vertebra had the lowest odds of acceptable pin placement?
🔍 Key Findings:
- Sample: 24 canine cadavers, 477 total pins across 240 vertebrae.
- Technique Comparison: 3D printed guides (3DPG) vs freehand (FH).
- Acceptable Placement Rates: 3DPG = 87.5%, FH = 69.8% (p < .0001).
- Odds Ratio for FH: 0.28 (95% CI 0.16–0.47), significantly less likely to yield acceptable placement.
- Worst Accuracy Locations: T10 (OR 0.10), T11 (OR 0.35).
- Surgeon Impact: Surgeon 2 outperformed others (OR 9.61, p = .001).
- Modified Zdichavsky Classification used to score implant accuracy (Grades I–IIIb).
- Primary Benefit of 3DPG: Increased safety and precision, regardless of surgeon experience.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Ex vivo comparison of pin placement with patient-specific drill guides or freehand technique in canine cadaveric spines
2024-2-VS-guevara-3
In Mayhew 2023 et al., on BOAS surgery effects, which surgical procedures were consistently performed in all dogs in the study?
🔍 Key Findings
- Owner-reported regurgitation improved after CMS, especially post-eating and during activity (P = .012 and P = .002)
- No significant improvement in VFSS measures of SHH or GER postoperatively (P > .05 for all comparisons)
- Laryngeal ventriculectomy and soft palate resection were performed in all dogs, alaplasty in 14/16
- Aspiration pneumonia occurred in 1 dog immediately post-op and resolved with treatment
- Post-op esophagoscopy results varied, with persistent esophagitis in some cases
- Clinical response was variable, with ~25–30% of dogs being “non-responders” based on owner scoring
- 13/16 dogs showed partial or full clinical improvement, despite no change in objective SHH/GER indicators
- Final follow-up at median 36.5 months showed some dogs still on medical therapy; one underwent further surgery
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Effect of conventional multilevel brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome surgery on clinical and videofluoroscopic evidence of hiatal herniation and gastroesophageal reflux in dogs
2023-2-VS-mayhew-4
In Lomas 2025 et al., on DPO and dorsolateral subluxation, what was the mean DLS score immediately postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- DPO significantly improved femoral head coverage, increasing mean DLS from 36.1% to 71.4% postoperatively (p < 0.001).
- No significant change in DLS between immediate postoperative and follow-up scans, suggesting stable surgical outcomes over time.
- Greater plate angle (30°) yielded larger DLS improvement (mean increase: 39.8%) compared to 25° and 20° plates.
- Only 3 hips had post-op DLS scores <55%, indicating most patients had lower risk of osteoarthritis progression.
- No correlation found between DLS improvement and age, body weight, or side of surgery, suggesting broad applicability.
- CT was used for DLS measurement in simulated weight-bearing, improving precision over radiographic methods.
- Major limitations included small sample size, multiple surgeons, and variable sedation vs anesthesia during imaging.
- DPO confirmed as effective for reducing dorsolateral subluxation, improving coxofemoral joint congruency in dysplastic dogs.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2025
The Impact of Double Pelvic Osteotomy on Dorsolateral Subluxation in 24 Dogs
2025-2-VCOT-lomas-1
In Brockman 2025 et al., on canine mitral valve repair outcomes, how did survival change from the first to the last quartile of surgical experience?
🔍 Key Findings
- Overall survival to discharge: 107 of 132 dogs (81%)
- Quartile improvement: Survival increased steadily from 67% in Q1 to 91% in Q4
- Q1: 22/33 survived
- Q2: 27/33
- Q3: 28/33
- Q4: 30/33
- Statistical significance: Higher operative rank significantly associated with improved survival (p < .05)
- Median cross clamp time (XCT): 73 min (range 40–165), but increased again in Q4
- Fatalities (n=25) were often due to:
- Failure to wean from CPB
- Intracranial vascular events (stroke)
- Intrathoracic hemorrhage
- Breed representation: CKCS (23.5%), Chihuahua (22%), Crossbreeds (21%)
- Stages of MMVD: Stage C (67%), Stage D (27%), Stage B2 (6%)
- Emphasis on deliberate multidisciplinary teamwork for outcome improvement
- Highlights importance of technical and non-technical team skills, procedural standardization, and consistent personnel
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Improvement in short‐term outcome over time, in a single center embarking on a canine mitral valve repair program using a structured multidisciplinary approach
2025-4-VS-brockman-2
In McCarthy 2022 et al., on 3D drill guide accuracy, what was the reported drill exit rate using free-hand drilling technique (FHDT)?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed drill guides (3D-GDT) significantly reduced craniocaudal and dorsoventral drilling angle deviation compared to free-hand drilling technique (FHDT), with statistical significance (p < .0001 and p = .01 respectively).
- No sacral corridor breaches occurred with 3D-GDT, whereas FHDT resulted in 20% drill exit incidences (3/15 cases).
- 3D-GDT had lower deviation from optimal drill trajectory at end points in all axes: craniocaudal (1.84 ± 1.6 mm vs. 4.18 ± 2.4 mm), dorsoventral (1.11 ± 1.0 mm vs. 2.4 ± 1.5 mm), and 3D linear (2.47 ± 1.4 mm vs. 5.35 ± 2.2 mm), all statistically significant.
- Strong correlation (r = 0.77) between CT and 3D software measurements validated method reliability.
- 3D guide trajectories showed consistent proximity to the optimal trajectory, especially at drill endpoints, indicating reduced variability in execution.
- 3D-GDT was developed using open-source software and inexpensive materials, supporting future clinical application.
- Major errors in FHDT occurred primarily at the drill endpoint, underscoring the challenge of maintaining optimal angulation during free-hand drilling.
- The sacral corridor was recharacterized as pyramidal (not quadrilateral), with implications for safer implant placement.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Accuracy of a drilling with a custom 3D printed guide or free‐hand technique in canine experimental sacroiliac luxations
2022-1-VS-mccarthy-2
In Kuvaldina 2023 et al., in Minimally invasive axillary lymphadenectomy in dogs, what anatomical variation was noted during cadaver dissection?
🔍 Key Findings
- A minimally invasive endoscopic technique was successfully developed for excisional biopsy of axillary lymph nodes in dogs.
- The procedure was performed on 4 cadavers (6 limbs) and 3 clinical patients, with no major complications reported.
- Mean cadaveric time: accessory axillary node 5.1 min; axillary node 33 min. One limb had a double axillary node.
- In clinical cases, 2/3 were completed endoscopically; one required conversion to open due to node elevation difficulty.
- Surgical times in clinical cases ranged from 35 to 58 minutes, depending on node accessibility and number.
- Postoperative morbidity was minimal: no lymphedema, minor seroma or lameness resolved quickly.
- The SILS port approach enabled effective access, though precise placement was critical to visualization.
- This is the first reported veterinary endoscopic technique for axillary lymphadenectomy; potential for improved staging and reduced morbidity.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Development of a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph nodes in dogs
2023-7-VS-kuvaldina-5
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings