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In Dalton 2023 et al., In Minimally invasive acetabular fracture repair in dogs, what was the clinical outcome of the Chihuahua case treated with minimally invasive acetabular repair?
🔍 Key Findings
- Feasibility study in 5 canine cadavers plus 1 clinical case (Chihuahua, 5.5 kg).
- Technique used two small approaches (caudal and craniolateral) connected with an epiperiosteal tunnel.
- Plates were precontoured on mirrored 3D-printed hemipelves to improve fit and reduce intraoperative bending.
- Cadaver outcomes: fracture gap <2 mm, step defect <1 mm, pelvic angulation <5°.
- Sciatic nerve injury was minimal: 1/5 cadavers had a mild indentation; others had no gross injury.
- Median total surgical time: ~46 minutes in cadavers; incisions ~5 cm.
- Clinical Chihuahua case: weight-bearing within 24 hrs, radiographic union at 3 months; one screw fractured but no adverse effect.
- Authors conclude: MIAF with 3D printing is feasible and accurate, but requires further evaluation before routine use.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs: Ex vivo feasibility study and case report
2023-7-VS-dalton-5
In Janas 2024 et al., on ARC outcomes in cats, what percentage of cats experienced perioperative complications?
🔍 Key Findings:
- Study design: Retrospective, 20 cats with congenital EHPSS treated with ameroid ring constrictor (ARC).
- Perioperative complication rate: 25% (5/20), including seizures, blindness, ascites, and one death.
- Short-term outcomes (18 cats):
- Excellent: 14
- Good: 2
- Poor: 2
- Long-term outcomes (18 cats):
- Excellent: 15
- Good: 1
- Poor: 2
- Persistent seizures: Noted in some cats despite normal bile acids and CBC/chemistry.
- Preoperative blindness resolved in most cats.
- Mean follow-up duration: Median 8 years.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical outcomes for 20 cats with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts treated with ameroid constrictor ring attenuation (2002–2020)
2024-2-VS-janas-1
In Tobias 2025 et al., on frontal sinus mucoceles, which imaging finding was most consistently reported across all dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Frontal sinus mucoceles occurred in young dogs, often linked to prior skull trauma by 10 months of age.
- All dogs presented with expansile, fluid-filled lesions causing facial swelling; CT showed multicentric bone erosion, including the frontal bone and cribriform plate.
- Surgical options included frontal sinusotomy with either sinus lining ablation or re-establishment of nasofrontal drainage, with or without stenting.
- Nasofrontal stenting led to long-term resolution in most dogs, although recurrence occurred in 4/8 dogs, requiring revision surgery in 3.
- Complications were minor and included swelling or nasal discharge; no intraoperative complications were reported.
- Histology confirmed sterile mucoceles with neutrophilic inflammation and mucin, and cultures were negative in all cases.
- Guaifenesin was used postoperatively in several cases to reduce mucus viscosity; its benefit is unproven in dogs but may support drainage.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Clinical findings and outcomes of eight dogs with surgically treated frontal sinus mucoceles
2025-6-VS-tobias-2
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, what was the most common preoperative fracture displacement classification?
🔍 Key Findings
- 11 dogs, 13 fractures (mostly Salter-Harris type I) were repaired with FGPP using Kirschner wires.
- 10/13 fractures achieved satisfactory healing with good limb function at ~43 days median follow-up.
- Major complications occurred in 5 dogs: intra-articular pin placement, implant migration (2), implant failure with nonunion, and malunion.
- 2 dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with radiographic remodeling were poor candidates → higher risk of nonunion/malunion.
- Preoperative displacement was mostly mild (10/13 fractures); these had better outcomes than chronic or severely displaced cases.
- Median surgical time: 60 minutes (range 45–75), all performed percutaneously without conversion to open.
- Elective pin removal was performed in 5 cases; migration occurred with both short and long cut wires.
- Femoral neck resorption (“apple-coring”) was rare (2/10 healed cases) and thought to be less frequent than after ORIF due to reduced vascular disruption.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Closed reduction and fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous pinning of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures: Thirteen fractures in 11 dogs
2023-7-VS-demoya-3
In Espinel Rupérez 2023 et al., on hip toggle stabilization, which structure was consistently avoided during toggle placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization (AA-HTS) was successfully completed in all 14 feline cadaver joints.
- Femoral and acetabular tunnel creation was feasible in all cases, though femoral tunnel placement had a higher rate of deviations.
- Intraoperative complications occurred in 5/14 joints, mostly related to femoral tunnel creation and toggle lodging.
- Minor articular cartilage injury (<10% total cartilage area) occurred in 10/14 joints, but no injury to neurovascular or intrapelvic structures.
- Thirteen surgical technique deviations (8 major, 5 minor) were identified in 7 joints, all involving the femoral tunnel.
- Toggle passage through the femoral tunnel was the most challenging step, being mildly difficult in 6 joints.
- Postoperative CT and gross dissection confirmed all toggles and buttons were in correct position, without damage to major surrounding structures.
- No deviations, complications, or cartilage injuries occurred in the last 4 joints, suggesting a learning curve effect.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization in cats: An ex vivo feasibility study
2023-6-vs-espinel-4
In Vandekerckhove 2024 et al., what value did the LImax range across all cadavers?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Used VMBDmD to quantify hip laxity under increasing force in cadaveric dogs (n=34).
- 90% of hips reached ≥90% of LImax at 95.32 N, defining this force as sufficient for subluxation.
- LImax was not significantly influenced by osteoarthritis, weight, sex, or limb side.
- Position of device (lever length) influenced rate of laxity acquisition, not final LImax.
- LI curves were repeatable across 5 sessions, indicating elastic—not plastic—deformation.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Quantifying the Stress in Stress Radiographs to Determine Sufficient Laxity of the Coxofemoral Joint
2024-1-VCOT-vandekerckhove-5
In Billas 2022 et al., on SSI risk after limb amputation, which muscle transection method was associated with increased infection odds?
🔍 Key Findings
- 12.5% overall incidence of SSI after limb amputation, and 10.9% for clean procedures.
- Bipolar vessel sealing device use for muscle transection significantly increased SSI risk (OR 2.5; P = .023).
- Monopolar electrosurgery and sharp transection were not associated with increased SSI risk.
- Non-clean wound classification increased SSI odds (OR 8.2; P = .003).
- Amputation for infection (OR 5.7) or trauma (OR 4.5) significantly increased SSI risk compared to neoplasia.
- Preoperative infections at distant sites did not significantly increase SSI risk.
- Neither surgery/anesthesia duration, hypothermia, hypotension, nor skin closure method significantly affected SSI risk.
- Study supports avoiding bipolar sealing devices for muscle transection in limb amputations to reduce SSI risk.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Incidence of and risk factors for surgical site infection following canine limb amputation
2022-3-VS-billas-1
In Butare-Smith 2022 et al., on cerclage knot biomechanics, what was the peak load resisted by double-loop cerclage in single-load testing?
🔍 Key Findings
- Double-loop cerclage resisted the highest peak load (805 N) and maintained tension longer than twist (488 N) and single-loop (397 N) configurations.
- Double-loop cerclage sustained 500,000 cycles at 60–80% of peak load in some cases without loosening, outperforming other types.
- Twist knots loosened rapidly, often within 10 cycles even at low loads (100–390 N).
- Single-loop knots performed better than twist, with partial resistance up to 100,000 cycles at 160 N, but showed wide variability.
- All loosening occurred before wire breakage, indicating clinical failure would happen from slack, not fracture.
- Double-loop cerclage had highest initial tension (323 N) compared to single-loop (124 N) and twist (69 N).
- Fatigue limit was not identified for twist, since they all loosened early at even 20% of peak load.
- Clinical recommendation: double-loop cerclage is best for resisting repeated subfailure loading, ideal for fissure prevention or fragment stabilization.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Double-loop cerclage resists greater loads for more cycles than twist and single-loop cerclage
2022-2-VS-butare-smith-4
In Low 2024 et al., what was the most common minor postoperative complication observed?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 47 dogs (57 elbows) underwent TCS placement for HIF
- Overall complication rate = 17.5%
- Minor: seromas (7 elbows)
- Major: septic arthritis (3 elbows) — all resolved with antibiotics
- No screw failures, medial epicondylar fractures, or catastrophic outcomes noted
- Long-term follow-up in 41 dogs (50 elbows):
- 90% full function, 10% acceptable function
- Mean follow-up = ~2.5 years
- Increased age was significantly protective (p = 0.0051; OR = 0.61)
- TCS placement method (freehand, guide, aiming device) significantly impacted screw angulation but not complication rate
- Outcome not affected by presence of complications
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
4
2024
Long-Term Outcome and Complications after Transcondylar Screw Placement for Canine Humeral Intracondylar Fissure
2024-4-VCOT-low-4
In Dobberstein 2024 et al., on liver biopsy forceps, which biopsy technique caused the most tissue crush artifact?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subjects: 12 healthy colony cats, 68 total liver samples collected via laparoscopy
- Biopsy instruments: 3 mm vs 5 mm Storz Blakesley cup forceps
- Techniques: Twist (T), Pull (P), Twist + Pull (TP)
- Results:
- 5 mm forceps yielded significantly more hepatic lobules (mean 12.4 vs 4.9), portal triads (29.6 vs 19.0), weight, and histologic area (p < .01)
- T and P techniques yielded more portal triads and lobules than TP (p = .003 and p = .015)
- TP technique resulted in greater tissue crush vs T (p = .01)
- Good diagnostic agreement between 3 mm and 5 mm samples only with TP (κ = 0.75)
- All samples were of sufficient diagnostic quality, despite size or technique
- Clinical implication: Both 3 mm and 5 mm forceps are viable; further studies are needed to confirm diagnostic accuracy of 3 mm samples
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Comparison of the diagnostic yield of 3 and 5 mm laparoscopic liver biopsy forceps in cats
2024-2-VS-dobberstein-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings