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In Miller 2024 et al., what best summarizes the finding regarding major postoperative complications across surgical groups?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Sample: 124 dogs (64 S, 60 FFP); French Bulldogs most common (54/124)
- Pre-op clinical signs: Exercise intolerance (34/124), stertor (22), regurgitation (7), vomiting (12)
- Operative time (no concurrent procedure): Longer in FFP (75 vs 51 min, p = .02)
- Anesthetic time: Longer in FFP (111 vs 80 min, p = .02)
- Anesthetic complications: Similar rates (FFP 50, S 49; p = .30)
- Post-op regurgitation: 27/124 (S: 17, FFP: 10; p = .18)
- Post-op aspiration pneumonia: Rare (S: 4, FFP: 5)
- Major complications: Rare (5/124); 2 dogs euthanized post-op (1 per group)
- Revision surgery: Needed in 7/124 (3 S, 4 FFP)
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Complications and outcome following staphylectomy and folded flap palatoplasty in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome
2024-1-VS-miller-5
In Aly 2024 et al., on simulator training for feline OHE, what type of study design was used to evaluate simulator training?
🔍 Key Findings
- This study evaluated whether high-fidelity surgical simulator training improved live animal and student outcomes in a feline OHE teaching lab involving 186 cats and 146 students.
- Simulator training significantly improved surgical performance and outcomes:
- Live surgery was 6 minutes shorter on average in the SIM group vs. NO-SIM (115 ± 21 min vs. 121 ± 16 min, p = .04).
- Pain scores ≥5/20 occurred in 1% of SIM group cats vs. 15% of NO-SIM group cats (p < .01).
- Rescue analgesia was needed less frequently in the SIM group (5% vs. 15%, p = .03).
- Student confidence was significantly higher in the SIM group (median 7/10 vs. 6/10, p < .01).
- The simulator used a realistic abdominal model with friable tissues and required performance of a full OHE procedure.
- The study design was nonrandomized, grouped by class year, with limitations including lack of blinding during pain assessment in year two.
- Authors concluded that pre-lab simulator competency improves both animal welfare and student confidence, recommending it as a prerequisite for live surgical training.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Effect of surgical simulator training on student and live animal outcomes in a feline ovariohysterectomy teaching laboratory
2024-6-VS-aly-4
In Antonakakis 2022 et al., on telovelar tumor resection, what histologic feature supported a diagnosis of choroid plexus carcinoma?
🔍 Key Findings
- Telovelar approach enabled complete resection of a fourth ventricle choroid plexus tumor in a dog without postoperative complications.
- Postoperative MRI confirmed gross total tumor removal, and the dog remained neurologically normal 28 months post-surgery.
- The tela choroidea was used as a surgical landmark and incised to allow atraumatic access to the tumor.
- Cerebellum was spared using this technique, minimizing risk of cerebellar injury (e.g., cerebellar mutism).
- No hemorrhagic complications were noted during surgery due to dissection through avascular planes.
- Histopathology favored choroid plexus carcinoma based on mitotic index (9/10 HPFs), though definitive diagnosis remained pending.
- The case highlights the utility of telovelar over transvermian approach, given its minimally traumatic nature and improved exposure.
- Survival beyond 2 years without adjunctive therapy suggests surgical excision alone may be curative in select cases.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Use of a telovelar approach for complete resection of a choroid plexus tumor in a dog
2022-8-VS-antonakakis-4
In Parker 2023 et al., on Locoregional analgesia in TPLO, which variable was significantly associated with increased preference for lumbosacral epidural (LE) over PNB?
🔍 Key Findings
- Peripheral nerve block (PNB) was preferred by 79% of anesthesiologists; lumbosacral epidural (LE) by 21%; PI <1%.
- Time since board-certification significantly influenced preference: PNB favored by newer diplomates, LE favored by more senior ones (p < .001).
- Employment sector mattered: PNB was preferred more in private practice, LE more in academia (p = .003).
- PNB perceived as more effective, with 78% reporting 81–100% effectiveness; compared to 55% for LE.
- PNB associated with fewer adverse effects (75%) than LE (4%) and PI (21%).
- PNB required less rescue analgesia intraoperatively (57%) and postoperatively (54%) than LE or PI.
- LE preferred for bilateral TPLOs and in smaller dogs; PNB for larger dogs, due to motor function preservation.
- Dexmedetomidine was the most common additive to PNB; bupivacaine-only was most used for PNB.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Pelvic limb anesthesia and analgesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO): A survey of board-certified anesthesiologists
2023-4-VS-parker-2
In Sandoval 2024 et al., on lung lobectomy technique outcomes, which factor was NOT statistically associated with the type of lung lobectomy performed?
🔍 Key Findings
- Intra- and postoperative complications occurred only in stapled lobectomies, but the difference was not statistically significant (intra: p = .069, post: p = .112).
- Intraoperative hemorrhage was the most common complication (11.8%), followed by air leakage (2%).
- All self-ligating loop (SLL) lobectomies had zero complications (n=18), though the sample was small.
- Postoperative complications included 4 catastrophic events (cardiopulmonary arrest), all in stapled cases.
- Lung lobectomy technique was not associated with duration of chest tube use, hospitalization, or survival (p > .05).
- 94.3% of patients survived to discharge (82/87).
- SLLs are lower-cost and may be more feasible for thoracoscopic/minimally invasive approaches due to smaller port size (5mm vs. 12mm for staplers).
- A future superiority study would need ≥103 lobectomies per group to assess differences in complication rates.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Short‐term outcomes of dogs and cats undergoing lung lobectomy using either a self-ligating loop or a thoracoabdominal stapler
2024-7-VS-sandoval-3
In Miller 2024 et al., on intestinal obstruction and catheter technique in cats, what was the overall success rate of the red rubber catheter technique (RRCT) for removing linear foreign bodies?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cats with linear (LFBO) and discrete (DFBO) small intestinal obstructions had similar survival (98.2% vs. 97%, p = 1.0).
- Postoperative complications were not significantly different between LFBO and DFBO cases (p = .1386).
- Intestinal dehiscence was rare (only 2 cats), both in DFBOs, with no statistical difference between groups.
- Red rubber catheter technique (RRCT) successfully removed LFBOs in 83% (20/24) of attempts.
- All failed RRCTs occurred in cats with perforations or tissue nonviability.
- Cats with failed RRCTs had longer clinical signs pre-surgery (median 6.5 vs. 2.0 days).
- Surgical time was longer in LFBO cats (median 77 min vs. 58 min, p = .0018).
- Preoperative septic peritonitis was rare (4/169 cats), but occurred only in linear or mixed FBO cases.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Linear and discrete foreign body small intestinal obstruction outcomes, complication risk factors, and single incision red rubber catheter technique success in cats
2024-7-VS-miller-1
In Scheuermann 2024 et al., on 3D-printed reduction guides for tibial fractures, which statement best describes the application of precontoured plates?
🔍 Key Findings
- The study was a prospective clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed, patient-specific reduction system for aligning diaphyseal tibial fractures stabilized using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in fifteen client-owned dogs.
- Virtual surgical planning (VSP) and fabrication were feasible within a clinically relevant timeframe, with a mean of 50.7 hours. Surgical efficiency improved with experience.
- Pin-guide placement was accurate, with median translational discrepancies of 2.7 mm (proximal) and 2.9 mm (distal), and angular discrepancies highest in the axial plane.
- The proximal guide was easier to apply (median Likert score: 8) than the distal guide (median: 6).
- The 3D-printed system enabled near-anatomic reduction in 87% of cases and acceptable reduction in the remaining 13%; no unacceptable reductions occurred.
- Postoperative alignment and tibial length were well-restored, with all dogs within 5° or 5 mm of contralateral measurements.
- Temporary circular fixation was occasionally used to assist reduction and improve alignment.
- Precontoured plates fit easily, with a median Likert score of 9; total surgical time was shorter than conventional MIPO at the institution.
- The study lacked a control group but builds on prior cadaveric feasibility work.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Efficacy of virtual surgical planning and a three‐dimensional‐printed surgical guide for canine segmental mandibular reconstruction in a cadaver model
2024-6-VS-scheuermann1-3
In Kikuchi 2025 et al., on arthroscopic MMI in toy breeds, what was the purpose of using a 2.4-mm arthroscope in this population?
🔍 Key Findings
- Medial meniscus injury (MMI) occurred in 36.3% of stifles with CrCLR in toy breed dogs (<5 kg)
- Complete CrCLR was significantly associated with MMI (15.3% of complete vs. 3.4% of partial)
- Severe lameness (grade 3) increased the likelihood of MMI compared to mild lameness (grade 1)
- Higher body weight, even within the toy breed range, was positively associated with MMI
- Yorkshire Terriers had the highest MMI incidence (55.6%), but this was not a significant independent factor due to multicollinearity
- Arthroscopy identified more meniscal damage (including small radial tears and bucket-handle lesions) than gross examination might detect
- MMI was classified as mild (radial tear) or severe (bucket-handle or flap) with implications for partial meniscectomy
- Arthroscopy was used in all cases, underscoring its utility in small-breed stifle assessment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Incidence of Medial Meniscus Injury Detected by Arthroscopy in Toy Breed Dogs
2025-5-VCOT-kikuchi-5
In Chik 2024 et al., on cholangioscopy feasibility, which factor most limited advancement of the 3.8 mm disposable endoscope into the common bile duct?
🔍 Key Findings
- Open transcholecystic cholangioscopy was feasible using a 3.8 mm disposable flexible endoscope in all 8 canine cadavers.
- Visualization was consistently achieved up to the junction of the hepatic ducts, common bile duct, and cystic duct.
- Advancement past the junction was limited by the endoscope diameter (3.8 mm) and anatomical flexure.
- The 1.9 mm flexible ureteroscope could visualize the entire biliary tree, including the major duodenal papilla, in a large dog (43.8 kg).
- Endoscopic tools (e.g., 3 Fr grasping forceps) could be passed through the working channel only after removing the irrigation line.
- Standard biopsy forceps were incompatible with the disposable endoscope's 1.2 mm working channel.
- Cadaver study showed no rupture, but clinical extrapolation is limited due to lack of diseased tissue.
- Disposable endoscope setup cost (~$6,100) was significantly lower than traditional endoscopy systems (~$75,000–100,000), improving accessibility.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Feasibility of open cholangioscopy with disposable flexible endoscopes
2024-7-VS-chik-2
In You 2025 et al., on barbed sutures for lung lobectomy, what was the most common site of air leakage in the barbed suture group?
🔍 Key Findings
- Barbed sutures showed comparable leakage pressure to traditional sutures and stapling devices (p = .36).
- No bronchial leaks occurred at physiological pressure (<20 cmH₂O) in any group.
- Leakage at supraphysiologic pressure (20–80 cmH₂O) occurred in 90% of stapler, 80% of traditional, and 60% of barbed suture closures.
- Barbed sutures reduced ligation time significantly compared to traditional sutures (10.7 vs. 14.1 minutes, p < .01).
- Staplers remained fastest, with mean ligation time of 2.4 minutes.
- No knot failure or suture breakage was observed in barbed or traditional suture groups.
- Leakage in barbed sutures occurred mostly at the loop effector zone, but remained within acceptable limits.
- Barbed sutures may offer an effective alternative when staplers are unavailable, impractical, or cost-prohibitive.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Evaluation of a knotless barbed suture for canine total lung lobectomy: An ex vivo study
2025-7-VS-you-3
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings