Your Custom Quiz
In Gleason 2023 et al., on ala vestibuloplasty in cats, which of the following complications was reported after ala vestibuloplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ala vestibuloplasty significantly reduced normalized pulmonary transit time (nPTT) (mean 5.43 → 3.89 sec; p <.001), suggesting improved cardiopulmonary function.
- Clinical respiratory signs improved, including reduced snoring, sneezing, nasal discharge, and open-mouth breathing (all p <.01).
- Activity tolerance increased, with less dyspnea during activity and longer time to onset of dyspnea (p <.005).
- Paradoxical sternal motion resolved in all affected cats after surgery.
- Hiatal hernias resolved in 75% of affected cats on follow-up CT.
- No serious complications occurred, with only mild, self-limiting epistaxis and hypersalivation in a few cases.
- Aberrant turbinates were detected on CT in all cats, though only 1 showed obstructive CATs endoscopically.
- Total clinical severity scores improved significantly postoperatively (median reduction of 30 points; p <.001).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ala vestibuloplasty improves cardiopulmonary and activity‐related parameters in brachycephalic cats
2023-4-VS-gleason-4
In Kurogochi 2025 et al., on cardioplegia in mitral repair, what was the main finding regarding serum cardiac troponin I levels 12 hours post-op?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in cardiac troponin I levels 12h post-op between mDN and St. Thomas cardioplegia groups (p = 0.478)
- Sinus rhythm returned faster in the mDN group after aortic cross-clamp removal (median 60s vs 362s, p = 0.027)
- Lower serum potassium at cross-clamp removal in the mDN group (median 4.5 mEq/L vs 5.4, p = 0.005)
- Fewer doses needed in the mDN group (median 2.5 vs 4.0, p = 0.040)
- Higher total crystalloid volume used in mDN group (23.6 vs 12.6 mL/kg, p < 0.001)
- No difference in survival (700-day survival 90% in both groups, p = 0.958)
- No difference in hospitalization duration (median 6 days for both, p = 0.789)
- Echocardiographic remodeling similar between groups at 24h post-op
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Saline‐based modified del Nido cardioplegia versus multidose St. Thomas cardioplegia in canine mitral valve repair: A randomized controlled trial
2025-7-VS-kurogochi-2
In Peycke 2022 et al., on CBLO in immature dogs, how many dogs developed **tibial recurvatum** due to over-rotation of the TPA during CBLO?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO was effective for stifle stabilization in skeletally immature dogs with CrCL injuries, avoiding disruption of proximal tibial growth plates.
- Radiographic union of the osteotomy occurred in a mean of 6 weeks (range: 4–8 weeks), indicating rapid bone healing.
- Full limb function was restored in all cases by long-term follow-up (mean 23 months), including dogs with initial complications.
- Two dogs developed 19° valgus deformities due to screw interference with the proximal tibial physis; both were corrected surgically with return to function.
- One dog developed 10° recurvatum due to over-rotation of the tibial plateau, but retained full function without revision.
- CCS (countersink compression screw) caused early apophyseal closure in older dogs but had no adverse clinical effects.
- In contrast, K-wire or plate-only fixation preserved open apophysis, suggesting implant choice may influence growth.
- No meniscal injuries were observed, and all CrCL injuries were managed arthroscopically — 6 complete, 6 partial, 4 avulsions.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Center of rotation of angulation-based leveling osteotomy for stifle stabilization in skeletally immature dogs
2022-3-VS-peycke-5
In Meltzer 2022 et al., on femoral implant selection, what was the most common major complication reported?
🔍 Key Findings
- Hybrid implants were used in older, heavier dogs with lower canal flare index (CFI) compared to cementless types.
- CFI <1.8 was associated with higher risk of femoral fracture or stem subsidence with cementless implants.
- Total complication rate was 14%, with catastrophic complications in only 1.5%—lower than reported in other studies.
- No significant difference in complication rates across implant types (BFX, BFX-C, hybrid).
- Femur fractures were rare (2.9%), lower than in prior studies, and successfully managed with cerclage/plate fixation.
- Coxofemoral luxation was the most common complication (8 cases); all occurred within 62 days post-op, mostly resolved with revision.
- Collared BFX stems did not significantly reduce complications, though they may limit stem subsidence.
- An implant selection algorithm was proposed, using age ≥7 years, weight ≥45 kg, and CFI <1.8 to guide cemented vs. cementless stem use.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Case factors for selection of femoral component type in canine hip arthroplasty using a modular system
2022-2-VS-meltzer-3
In Hanlon 2022 et al., on short screw sacroiliac fixation, what was the difference in mechanical performance between short lag and short positional screws?
🔍 Key Findings
- Two short screws (SLS or SPS) provided >2× peak load, yield load, and stiffness vs a single long screw (LLS) for SI joint stabilization.
- No mechanical advantage was seen between the two short screw types (lag vs positional).
- All short screws terminated lateral to the spinal canal, avoiding spinal impingement.
- Ventral sacral foraminal impingement occurred in 3 short-screw cases (1 SPS, 2 SLS), all involving the caudal screw.
- LLS group showed more abaxial displacement at osteotomy sites, suggesting inferior stabilization for concurrent pelvic fractures.
- Short screw constructs had longer total screw length (48 mm) than LLS (40 mm), contributing to increased stiffness.
- Positioning of caudal screw in a cranial/craniodorsal trajectory may help avoid nerve foraminal injury.
- No significant difference in displacement at peak load among groups; stiffness and load capacity were the primary benefits.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Mechanical evaluation of canine sacroiliac joint stabilization using two short screws
2022-7-VS-hanlon-2
In İnal 2025 et al., on supracutaneous locking plates, what was one key advantage of SLPs over external skeletal fixation in bilateral fractures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Supracutaneous locking plates (SLPs) were successfully used to manage 33 diaphyseal fractures (radial–ulnar and tibial) in 30 cats and dogs.
- Median fracture healing time was 50.5 days (range: 27–88), with most patients regaining limb use within days postoperatively.
- CT-based metrics (callus area, HU, and 3D bone volume) increased significantly during healing (p < 0.05), validating CT as a quantitative tool for assessing healing.
- Complications were minimal: minor in 15/33 (e.g., screw tract discharge, edema), and major in 3/33 (e.g., implant failure, delayed union, nonunion).
- Minimally invasive osteosynthesis required longer surgery times than closed reduction (p < 0.05), but both techniques were viable.
- SLPs enabled successful bilateral fracture management without inter-plate interference due to their compact design.
- Screw orientation challenges were noted in cats, especially with cranial application to the radius due to narrow anatomy.
- Polyaxial locking screws were used safely and did not dislodge, allowing for angular insertion (≤10°) to avoid neurovascular structures.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Minimally Invasive Radial–Ulnar and Tibial Fracture Management with Supracutaneous Locking Plates in Dogs and Cats
2025-5-VCOT-inal-5
In Banks 2024 et al., what ostectomy position was associated with the most accurate postoperative TPA?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Design: Retrospective study of 100 radiographs using in silico and clinical data
- Mean preoperative TPA: 28.6°, higher in small dogs than large (p = .02)
- Mean planned TPA (in silico): 7.6°, not achieving 5° target (p < .01)
- Median postoperative TPA: 5.5° overall; higher in small dogs (7°) vs large (4.5°) (p = .06)
- Postoperative ostectomy position: More distal than recommended; average = 8.6 mm
- Increased distalization → greater under-correction of TPA (p = .01)
- Most accurate correction occurred when ostectomy was ≤7.5 mm from patellar tendon
- Wedge angle categories (TPA-Pre minus 5–2°) were used based on pre-op TPA
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
A mismatch of planning and achieved tibial plateau angle in cranial closing wedge surgery: An in silico and clinical evaluation of 100 cases
2024-1-VS-banks-5
In Lampart 2023 et al., on manual laxity testing, what was the interobserver agreement for cranial tibial translation (CTT) across all manual laxity tests?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cranial drawer (CD), tibial compression (TCT), and tibial pivot compression test (TPCT) showed 100% sensitivity and specificity in differentiating intact from CCL-deficient stifles in this ex vivo model.
- TPCT elicited the highest cranial tibial translation (CTT) and internal tibial rotation, though differences in rotation did not reach statistical significance.
- Inter- and intraobserver agreement for CTT was excellent across all tests (ICC >0.9).
- Rotation and force application had greater variability, particularly with less experienced observers and during CD.
- Forces applied during CD were significantly higher in intact limbs and correlated with observer experience.
- Subjective CTT estimates strongly correlated with objective kinematic measurements (r = 0.895), with a median absolute error of 1.31 mm.
- TPCT may be particularly useful for assessing rotational instability, mimicking the pivot-shift test used in human ACL exams.
- Study supports development of a grading system for manual laxity testing, especially in acute CCLR cases.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Evaluation of the accuracy and intra‐ and interobserver reliability of three manual laxity tests for canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture—An ex vivo kinetic and kinematic study
2023-5-VS-lampart-2
In Marchionatti 2022 et al., on antiseptic efficacy comparison, what methodological limitation was common across studies?
🔍 Key Findings
- Chlorhexidine-based asepsis protocols were comparable to povidone-iodine for reducing surgical site infection (SSI) rates in veterinary surgery.
- No significant difference in skin bacterial colonization was observed between the two antiseptics, at both immediate and delayed timepoints.
- Chlorhexidine-alcohol protocols showed a non-significant trend toward improved bacterial reduction in some studies, though inconsistent across all studies.
- Use of neutralizing agents was inconsistent, which may have led to overestimation of antiseptic efficacy in several studies.
- Formulations and concentrations varied widely (e.g., chlorhexidine 0.5–4%, povidone-iodine 0.7–1%), contributing to heterogeneity and limiting definitive conclusions.
- Only a minority of studies reported using CDC criteria for SSI diagnosis, affecting the reliability of infection outcomes.
- Risk of bias was high or unclear in multiple domains across all included studies, limiting overall confidence in conclusions.
- Meta-analysis confirmed no statistically significant superiority of either protocol for SSI prevention or skin bacterial reduction.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Preoperative skin asepsis protocols using chlorhexidine versus povidone‐iodine in veterinary surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2022-5-VS-marchionatti-3
In Danielski 2024 et al., on PUO effect on HIF, what was the mean preoperative Hounsfield unit (HU) value of the fissure ROI on CT?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Sample: 51 elbows from 35 spaniel dogs
- Healing Rate: Subjective healing (complete or partial) in 80.3% of elbows; complete in 54.9%
- Objective HU analysis: Mean HU increased from 640 (pre-op) to 835 (follow-up) (p = .001)
- Age Effect: Dogs <14 months showed the greatest HU increase (+384 HU) and had wider fissures with less sclerosis
- Complications:
- Major: 5 dogs (6 limbs); 4 related to fissure healing (7.8%), 2 related to PUO healing (3.9%)
- Minor: 3 cases (5.8%) due to IM pin migration
- Sclerosis: Older dogs had more humeral condyle sclerosis, possibly limiting healing
- PUO Effectiveness: Confirmed cranio-proximal displacement of anconeal process; aimed to relieve humero-anconeal incongruity
- Control Comparison: Avoids complications associated with transcondylar screw (infection, breakage)
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Influence of oblique proximal ulnar osteotomy on humeral intracondylar fissures in 35 spaniel breed dogs
2024-2-VS-danielski-4
Quiz Results
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Key Findings