Your Custom Quiz
In Zann 2023 et al., In Long-term outcomes after proximal humeral OC debridement in dogs, what did CT reveal compared to radiography for lesion size assessment?
🔍 Key Findings
- 20 dogs (26 shoulders) evaluated at mean 3.5 years post-surgery after arthroscopic or open debridement.
- Ipsilateral muscle atrophy and decreased range of motion (↓ extension, ↓ flexion) in affected limbs compared to contralateral healthy shoulders.
- All treated shoulders developed osteoarthritis, confirmed radiographically, by CT, and arthroscopically.
- Moderate to severe synovitis was present in all shoulders; lesions showed patchy, incomplete cartilage infilling even up to 8.9 years post-op.
- Kinetic gait analysis showed no significant differences in PVF/VI between affected and unaffected limbs, despite mild lameness clinically.
- Owners reported good to very good mobility (median LOAD = 6), often underestimating clinical lameness.
- CT detected larger lesion dimensions than radiographs (wider, deeper defects).
- Despite progression of OA, surgical debridement was associated with satisfactory long-term function, though not prevention of degenerative changes.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Long-term outcome of dogs treated by surgical debridement of proximal humeral osteochondrosis
2023-7-VS-zann-2
In Power 2022 et al., on liposomal bupivacaine use, what was the overall incidence of short-term incisional complications in dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Overall complication rate was 19.7% (43/218), with most being mild (CSS 1).
- Soft tissue procedures had higher complication rates (26%) than orthopedic procedures (11.6%) (P < 0.01).
- No difference in complication rates between clean, clean-contaminated, and contaminated wounds (P = 0.55).
- No difference in complication rates between labeled use (CCL surgery) and off-label orthopedic procedures (P = 0.21).
- Majority of complications (63%) were mild, resolving without intervention or with topical therapy.
- Severe complications requiring revision surgery were rare (2.3%) and occurred mainly in soft-tissue surgeries.
- Most common complications included SSI (25.6%), dehiscence (16.3%), and seroma (14%).
- Liposomal bupivacaine appears safe for use in broader orthopedic procedures beyond current labeling.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Incidence and severity of short‐term incisional complications after intraoperative local infiltration of liposomal bupivacaine in dogs
2022-4-VS-power-1
In Fidelis 2025 et al., on suture eyelet geometry, what effect did **cyclic loading** have on maximum failure load (Fmax)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Raised eyelets caused more suture mid-section failures than embedded eyelets, suggesting wear or cutting against the anchor.
- No significant effect of cyclic loading on failure load (Fmax) was found for any anchor group.
- Anika anchor showed the least reduction in suture strength relative to the reference (eyebolt screw), indicating a favorable design.
- All sutures failed via suture breakage, not anchor pullout, indicating suture fatigue was the primary failure mode.
- Sutures in raised eyelets more often failed at the mid-section, while those in embedded eyelets failed at the knot.
- IMEX and Jorvet anchors showed significantly reduced Fmax compared to eyebolt screws.
- Loading direction and anchor design likely affect wear and ultimate failure, particularly in dynamic in vivo conditions.
- Future designs should aim for embedded, smooth eyelets that can accommodate larger suture sizes without increasing wear.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Effect of suture anchor type, eyelet configuration, and loading condition on suture failure: An in vitro study
2025-6-VS-fidelis-4
In Jenkins 2022 et al., on medial epicondylar fissure fracture, what was the most significant risk factor for developing MEFF?
🔍 Key Findings
- MEFF occurred in 11.4% (10/88 elbows) following medial-to-lateral transcondylar screw placement in dogs with HIF.
- Screw size to condylar height ratio >41% significantly increased MEFF risk (P = .004, OR 1.52).
- MEFF was not recognized intraoperatively in 60% of cases and was only seen on follow-up or retrospective imaging review.
- Screw loosening was the most common complication (11.2%), observed both with and without MEFF.
- MEFF tended to increase the risk of screw loosening (P = .06), but was not statistically significant.
- Most MEFFs did not require treatment and healed radiographically by 14–17 weeks in monitored cases.
- Shaft screws were used in all MEFF cases, but shaft vs cortical design was not significantly associated with MEFF.
- The clinical impact of MEFF was minor in most cases, although long-term significance is unknown.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Medial epicondylar fissure fracture as a complication of transcondylar screw placement for the treatment of humeral intracondylar fissure
2022-4-VS-jenkins-1
In Fink 2025 et al., on Roux-en-Y outcomes, which anastomosis type was preferred when the common bile duct was severely dilated?
🔍 Key Findings
- Roux-en-Y procedures were successfully completed in all 11 cases (6 dogs, 5 cats), despite case complexity and disease severity.
- Median survival post-discharge was longer in cats (365 days) vs. dogs (82 days), with better outcomes in non-neoplastic vs. neoplastic disease (192 vs. 5 days).
- Complication rate was high, with septic peritonitis, dehiscence, and cardiac arrest as leading causes of postoperative death; mortality rate = 36%.
- Dehiscence rate was 8.6% (2 of 23 anastomoses), considered lower than typical rates for GI anastomoses in high-risk patients.
- Feeding tubes (gastrostomy/jejunostomy) were used in all cases, enabling early nutritional support and stomach decompression.
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting were common but mostly self-limiting; managed with metoclopramide, cisapride, and antiemetics.
- Choledochojejunostomy was preferred when common bile duct was dilated, offering a favorable size match and potentially reducing bile leakage.
- Roux-en-Y reduced typical Billroth II complications (e.g., bile reflux, afferent loop syndrome, dumping syndrome), with none observed in discharged patients.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Roux‐en‐Y procedure to reconstruct the upper gastrointestinal tract in six dogs and five cats: A descriptive case series
2025-5-VS-fink-2
In Cantatore 2022 et al., on transanal submucosal resection, what were the 5-year survival rates for dogs with rectal carcinoma treated by this method?
🔍 Key Findings
- Submucosal resection via a transanal approach was associated with a low rate (1.1%) of major complications and prolonged survival across benign and malignant rectal tumors.
- Overall recurrence rate was 21.5%, with higher recurrence in malignant tumors: 28.6% (carcinomas) and 30.4% (carcinoma in situ) vs. 13.6% (adenomas).
- Complications (P = .032) and incomplete margins (P = .023) were independently associated with increased recurrence risk.
- Recurrence was the only factor associated with increased risk of tumor-related death (P = .046).
- Repeat submucosal resection was successful in 60% of dogs with recurrence, indicating feasibility of this as a salvage approach.
- 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates for carcinomas were 95%, 89%, and 73%, though overall survival was significantly longer for benign tumors (P = .001).
- Preoperative diagnostics (FNA, biopsy) were often inconsistent with final histopathology – only 64.3% biopsy agreement.
- Presurgical imaging was not consistently performed, limiting accurate staging in many dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Submucosal resection via a transanal approach for treatment of epithelial rectal tumors – a multicenter study
2022-3-VS-cantatore-5
In De Moya 2025 et al., on antebrachial deformity correction, which surgical maneuver was used to correct antebrachiocarpal incongruency?
🔍 Key Findings
- CESF with distraction osteogenesis restored elbow congruity and normalized aLDRA in skeletally immature dogs with PCDRP.
- Radial head subluxation was eliminated in all dogs, and elbow incongruity reduced significantly (from 6.1 mm to 0.3 mm, p <.01).
- Mean radial lengthening of 22.6 mm (∼11% of normal length) was achieved, but only 80% of recorded distraction translated to length gain.
- Major complications occurred in 2/12 dogs: one with permanent carpal contracture, one with radial fracture at wire tract.
- Minor complications (e.g., carpal pain, restricted extension, synostosis, pin tract issues) were noted in 10/12 dogs but generally resolved.
- Owner surveys (8/12 dogs) reported good to excellent long-term function, even up to 6 years post-op.
- Radial valgus deformities were moderate (mean 15°) and less severe than deformities from ulnar physeal closure.
- Surgical strategy included staged distraction, with radial or combined radius/ulna distraction guided by fluoroscopy and adjusted per case.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Treatment of antebrachial deformities secondary to premature closure of the distal radial physis using circular external skeletal fixation and distraction osteogenesis in skeletally immature dogs
2025-6-VS-demoya-5
In Alvarez-Sanchez 2023 et al., on SLN mapping in canine MCT, what percentage of dogs had the same SLN identified by both ICTL and NIRF?
🔍 Key Findings
- Combined ICTL and NIRF detected the same SLN in 80% of cases; each method alone missed sentinel lymph nodes in some dogs.
- ICLT failed in 5% of dogs, while NIRF failed in 20%; combined use resulted in only 5% failure in SLN detection.
- Metastatic lymph nodes were detected in 95% of dogs, despite most tumors being low or intermediate grade (95%).
- 27 of 41 nodes (65.8%) were histologically metastatic (HN2 or HN3), many of which would have been missed using ALN alone.
- ALN matched the SLN in only 45% of cases with ICTL and 30% with NIRF, supporting the need for SLN mapping.
- ICLT and NIRF were complementary, often identifying different SLN, with some only fluorescent or enhanced in one modality.
- Subcutaneous MCT had higher metastatic rates (7/8 dogs) than previously reported, challenging older assumptions about benign behavior.
- Removing both ALN and SLN (from both methods) improved detection of metastasis to 85–95%, reducing risk of understaging.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2023
Comparison of indirect computed tomographic lymphography and near-infrared fluorescence sentinel lymph node mapping for integumentary canine mast cell tumors
2023-3-VS-alvarez-sanchez-1
In Sadowitz 2023 et al., on screw angle & speed, which group served as the control group with 0% TCF rate?
2023-8-VS-sadowitz-2
In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, which technique demonstrated the **highest TLA shift** after cranial cortical alignment?
🔍 Key Findings
- A linear relationship was observed between wedge angle and tibial plateau angle (TPA) correction across all four CCWO techniques.
- All techniques produced predictable TPA corrections using linear regression-derived equations, allowing wedge angle extrapolation to achieve a target postoperative TPA of 5°.
- TLA shift (tibial long axis) increased with wedge angle and influenced final TPA; greatest in Frederick & Cross method.
- Tibial shortening (mTL%) varied by technique, being most severe (up to 40.9%) in traditional Slocum & Devine CCWO and least in newer techniques (7.5–12%).
- The Oxley mCCWO technique showed lower TLA shift compared to the Frederick & Cross and Christ techniques, though similar to Slocum & Devine; tibial shortening was more pronounced than other modified techniques at wedge angles ≤40°.
- Techniques varied in craniocaudal translation and wedge apex positioning, influencing planning accuracy and mechanical axis alignment.
- The corrective wedge angle equations reliably predicted TPA within 4–6° across varied tibial conformations.
- The study supports equation-based planning over static TPA–5° subtraction to reduce risk of under- or over-correction.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Predicting tibial plateau angles following four different types of cranial closing wedge ostectomy
2024-8-VS-moreira-3
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Key Findings