Your Custom Quiz
In Pilot 2022 et al., on closure methods in sternotomy, what was the observed difference in complication rates between wire and suture groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- Overall closure-related complication rate was 14.1%, lower than previously reported (17–78%).
- No clinically meaningful difference in complication rate between orthopedic wire (17.4%) and suture (11.5%) closure methods.
- Dog size (≥20 kg) was the only significant risk factor associated with increased closure-related complications (p = .01).
- Type of closure (wire vs. suture) did not affect risk, even in larger dogs.
- Suture closure showed a non-significant trend toward fewer complications (mean reduction 2.3%, 95% CI: –9.1% to +4.5%).
- Most complications were mild (62%), with only 10 severe cases requiring surgical revision.
- Infection rate was low (2.7%), and not significantly different between wire and suture.
- Suture closure is a valid alternative to wire, including in large dogs, based on this large, multi-institutional study.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Comparison of median sternotomy closure‐related complication rates using orthopedic wire or suture in dogs: A multi-institutional observational treatment effect analysis
2022-6-VS-pilot-3
In McLean 2024 et al., on TPLO rock-back, what proportion of cases demonstrated rock-back (TPA increase ≥2°)?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 95 TPLO procedures reviewed retrospectively with follow-up radiographs
- Rock-back defined as increase in tibial plateau angle (TPA) ≥2° from immediate post-op to recheck
- 21% of stifles (20/95) experienced rock-back
- Mean ΔTPA among rock-back cases = 3.2° ± 2.6°
- No implant failures or tibial tuberosity fractures were reported in these cases
- Plate inclination and exit cut angle (ECA) were not associated with increased risk of rock-back (p = 0.4 and 0.2)
- Authors hypothesize that compression across osteotomy in vivo may mitigate torsional effects from ECA, unlike in gap-model studies
- Emphasizes that rock-back is relatively common, even with well-placed implants
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
6
2024
Effect of Plate Inclination and Osteotomy Positioning on Rock-back following Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy in Dogs
2024-6-VCOT-mclean-1
In Berthomé 2025 et al., on prophylactic fenestration in cervical IVDE, what percentage of prophylactic fenestrations were performed at adjacent disc sites?
🔍 Key Findings
- Prophylactic fenestration (PF) significantly reduced recurrence of cervical intervertebral disc extrusion (0% vs. 37.8%, p < .001).
- Surgery time was longer with PF (median 182 vs. 110 min, p = .017), but no difference in perioperative complication rates (PF 16.7%, non-PF 18.9%; p = .838).
- 25% overall recurrence rate, but all recurrences occurred in the non-PF group.
- Medical management was effective in 92.9% of recurrence cases.
- Most PF sites targeted adjacent discs; 88.9% were at adjacent levels, which are common recurrence sites.
- Neurologic outcomes were similar between PF and non-PF dogs post-surgery and at follow-up.
- Fenestration technique (blade vs. burr) not shown to affect outcome but contributed to extended surgical time.
- No major complications or deaths linked directly to PF in initial surgeries.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Recurrence of cervical intervertebral disc extrusion in 55 dogs after surgical decompression with or without prophylactic fenestration
2025-6-VS-berthome-5
In Bergen 2024 et al., on biliary stent use, what complication occurred only in cats long-term?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subjects: 11 animals (8 dogs, 3 cats)
- Technique: Uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents (BEMBS)
- Indications: Cholelithiasis, strictures, neoplasia, cholangiohepatitis, etc.
- Success: Patency achieved in all animals surviving to discharge
- Complications:
- Short-term mortality: 2/11 (1 euthanized for SIRS, 1 unknown)
- Long-term issues: cholangiohepatitis, choledocholithiasis, stent occlusion (in cats only)
- Long-term patency:
- Dogs: median 650.5 days
- Cats: median 446 days
- Stent removal possible even after >600 days in some cats
- Clinical outcome: Viable alternative to plastic stents or cholecystoenterostomy
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical use of uncovered balloon‐expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary tract obstructions in cats and dogs: 11 cases (2012–2022)
2024-2-VS-bergen-4
In Kurogochi 2025 et al., on cardioplegia in mitral repair, what was concluded about long-term outcomes between groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in cardiac troponin I levels 12h post-op between mDN and St. Thomas cardioplegia groups (p = 0.478)
- Sinus rhythm returned faster in the mDN group after aortic cross-clamp removal (median 60s vs 362s, p = 0.027)
- Lower serum potassium at cross-clamp removal in the mDN group (median 4.5 mEq/L vs 5.4, p = 0.005)
- Fewer doses needed in the mDN group (median 2.5 vs 4.0, p = 0.040)
- Higher total crystalloid volume used in mDN group (23.6 vs 12.6 mL/kg, p < 0.001)
- No difference in survival (700-day survival 90% in both groups, p = 0.958)
- No difference in hospitalization duration (median 6 days for both, p = 0.789)
- Echocardiographic remodeling similar between groups at 24h post-op
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Saline‐based modified del Nido cardioplegia versus multidose St. Thomas cardioplegia in canine mitral valve repair: A randomized controlled trial
2025-7-VS-kurogochi-5
In Espinel Rupérez 2023 et al., on hip toggle stabilization, which intraoperative complication occurred most frequently?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization (AA-HTS) was successfully completed in all 14 feline cadaver joints.
- Femoral and acetabular tunnel creation was feasible in all cases, though femoral tunnel placement had a higher rate of deviations.
- Intraoperative complications occurred in 5/14 joints, mostly related to femoral tunnel creation and toggle lodging.
- Minor articular cartilage injury (<10% total cartilage area) occurred in 10/14 joints, but no injury to neurovascular or intrapelvic structures.
- Thirteen surgical technique deviations (8 major, 5 minor) were identified in 7 joints, all involving the femoral tunnel.
- Toggle passage through the femoral tunnel was the most challenging step, being mildly difficult in 6 joints.
- Postoperative CT and gross dissection confirmed all toggles and buttons were in correct position, without damage to major surrounding structures.
- No deviations, complications, or cartilage injuries occurred in the last 4 joints, suggesting a learning curve effect.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization in cats: An ex vivo feasibility study
2023-6-VS-espinel-1
In Monnet 2023 et al., on barbed vs conventional suture in vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA), how did the number of suture bites compare between the UBS and conventional groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- Leakage pressure was not significantly different between unidirectional barbed suture (UBS) and conventional (C) suture groups (p = .236).
- UBS group had a 28% lower median leakage pressure than the C group (8.6 mmHg vs. 11.7 mmHg), suggesting higher biological risk of leakage.
- UBS significantly reduced suturing time (median 12.7 vs. 17.3 minutes; p < .0002).
- Fewer suture bites were needed in the UBS group (median 14 vs. 19; p = .012).
- No suture breakage or urethral narrowing occurred in either group.
- Leakage site distribution (ventral vs lateral) was similar between groups; no dorsal leaks noted.
- Leakage occurred as low as 5 mmHg in UBS group, indicating potential for postoperative extravasation.
- UBS may aid intracorporeal suturing in minimally invasive prostatectomy, but catheterization remains necessary postoperatively.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Influence of conventional versus unidirectional barbed suture on leakage pressures in canine vesicourethral anastomosis: An ex-vivo study
2023-5-VS-monnet-4
In Galliano 2022 et al., on vascular access ports, what was one potential benefit of placing the SVAP during limb amputation compared to a separate jugular procedure?
🔍 Key Findings
- SVAPs placed in axillary (aSVAP) or femoral/external iliac veins (fSVAP) during limb amputation remained functional in 92.3% and 100% of cases, respectively.
- Complication rates were lower in aSVAP (23.1%) and fSVAP (0%) compared to jSVAP (47.4%), although not statistically significant (P = .12).
- No catastrophic complications occurred with aSVAP or fSVAP; 2 deaths occurred with jSVAP due to port-related issues.
- Infection-related port removal was needed in 1 aSVAP (7.7%) and 2 jSVAPs (10.5%) — no removals were required in fSVAPs.
- Tip placement of the catheter (e.g., right atrium vs. vena cava) did not correlate with complications (P = .66).
- Shorter surgical time likely with aSVAP/fSVAP as they use the same surgical field as the limb amputation.
- Survival time median was similar across groups (jSVAP: 177 days, aSVAP: 125 days, fSVAP: 122 days).
- SVAP implantation during limb amputation offers a practical and safe alternative to separate jugular placement.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Subcutaneous vascular access port implantation in the axillary or femoral/external iliac vein at the time of full limb amputation in dogs
2022-7-VS-galliano-5
In Kimura 2025 et al., on mini-THA in <4 kg dogs, which intraoperative tool improved acetabular and femoral positioning?
🔍 Key Findings
- Zurich mini-cementless THA was successful in 9/10 hips in dogs <4 kg, with no lameness at 52 weeks in completed cases.
- Helsinki Chronic Pain Index significantly improved from a mean of 19.8 to 2.3 at 52 weeks (p = 0.0141).
- Fluoroscopy improved implant positioning, especially in LCPD and HD cases, aiding in accurate reaming and alignment.
- Intraoperative complications occurred in 2/10 cases, including acetabular fractures; one case required discontinuation.
- Prophylactic bicortical screws and reinforcement plates were used in cases with rotational instability or cortical compromise and were effective in preventing loosening/fractures.
- Medial patellar luxation improved postoperatively in one dog, though recurrence was noted later without surgical correction.
- No stem or implant loosening or fracture occurred over a mean follow-up of 24.4 months.
- CT is recommended in preoperative planning, particularly in luxoid hip dysplasia cases with uncertain bone stock.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Long‐term outcomes of 10 dogs weighing less than 4 kg after Zurich mini‐cementless total hip arthroplasty
2025-6-VS-kimura-3
In Isono 2025 et al., on tibial malalignment in MPL, which finding best characterized grade 4 medial patellar luxation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Proximal Tibia Metatarsal Angle (PTMTA) was significantly increased in dogs with grade 3 and 4 MPL, making it a useful marker for severity.
- PTMTA strongly correlated with Tibial Torsion Angle (TTA) (r = 0.733) and Crural Rotation Angle (CRA) (r = 0.643), integrating multiple morphological deformities.
- Grade 4 MPL cases showed significant internal tibial torsion, increased mMPTA, and decreased MDTT/PTW—indicating both rotation and medial displacement.
- DTMTA was significantly more negative in grade 4, indicating a consistent pattern of internal foot rotation with disease severity.
- PTMTA can be visually assessed during palpation, offering preoperative utility without CT.
- Among toy poodles, PTMTA showed significant differences even between grades 3 and normal, suggesting breed-specific severity patterns.
- Corrective osteotomy may need to address tibial as well as femoral deformities in severe MPL cases with high PTMTA.
- Younger dogs with grade 4 MPL had more severe deformities, possibly due to early onset or developmental progression.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Tibial Torsion Malalignment in Small Dogs with Medial Patellar Luxation
2025-4-VCOT-isono-2
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Key Findings