Your Custom Quiz
In Anderson 2023 et al., on French Bulldogs with humeral condylar fractures, which fracture configuration was most common?
🔍 Key Findings
- Lateral humeral condylar fractures (LHCF) were most common, comprising 63.6% of cases.
- Transcondylar screw (TCS) + K-wire(s) fixation had a 7.62x higher risk of major complications compared to other methods (p = .009).
- All cases of TCS migration occurred in the TCS + K-wire group; none occurred with plate fixation.
- Overall complication rate was 40.9%, with 29.5% being major and requiring intervention.
- Contralateral humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) were found in 58.1% of French Bulldogs with CT data.
- No significant association between age and presence of HIF, but fissure length increased with age (R = 0.47, p = .048).
- Younger, lighter dogs had higher complication and screw migration rates, possibly due to softer bone and smaller condyles.
- TCS + plate fixation had the lowest complication rate, suggesting biomechanical superiority.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Humeral condylar fractures and fissures in the French bulldog
2023-1-VS-anderson-1
In Socha 2024 et al., what is a clinical implication of UTE MRI for stifle evaluation in dogs?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Normative ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI T2* values were established for:
- Patellar ligament (PL): T2*L = 4.65 ms
- Cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL): T2*L = 5.99 ms
- Caudal cruciate ligament (CdCL): T2*L = 7.06 ms
- Statistically significant differences in T2*L values were found between:
- PL vs. CrCL (p = 0.03)
- PL vs. CdCL (p = 0.0097)
- CrCL vs. CdCL (p = 0.03)
- No significant differences in short T2* (T2*S) values across ligaments.
- Study highlights potential of UTE MRI to detect early ligament changes even without physical instability.
- May guide early diagnosis in partial CrCL rupture where standard MRI is limited.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Ultrashort Echo Time Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cruciate Ligaments in Normal Beagles
2024-2-VCOT-socha-5
In Jeon 2025 et al., on distal femoral shortening, what was the **median femoral shortening ratio** required to achieve prosthesis reduction?
🔍 Key Findings
- Distal femoral shortening osteotomy (DFSO) enabled prosthesis reduction in all 4 dogs with irreducible luxoid hips undergoing total hip replacement.
- Median femoral shortening ratio was 13.8% (range: 10.7–15.3%) based on intraoperative tension needed for prosthesis reduction.
- Bone union was achieved in all cases post-DFSO, indicating good healing potential.
- Two major complications occurred: one prosthetic luxation and one aseptic stem loosening requiring explantation.
- One intraoperative fracture of the greater trochanter occurred during trial reduction before DFSO.
- DFSO did not result in neurovascular injury, even in cases with significant femoral head displacement (>4 cm).
- Radiographic planning with FHD index and intraoperative assessment were crucial for determining DFSO necessity.
- DFSO avoids complications linked to subtrochanteric osteotomy by preserving proximal femoral anatomy and allowing secure distal fixation.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Distal femoral shortening osteotomy for managing irreducible hips during total hip replacement in four dogs with severe luxoid hips
2025-6-VS-jeon-2
In Eiger 2024 et al., on NIRFA-ICG in axial flaps, what percentage of CSE flap evaluations led to margin changes based on NIRFA visualization?
🔍 Key Findings
- Caudal superficial epigastric (CSE) flaps were most visible with NIRFA, scoring 4/4 VFP in 97% of evaluations.
- CSE flap margins were altered in 65% of observations after NIRFA, showing the strongest influence on surgical planning.
- Thoracodorsal (THO) and omocervical (OMO) flaps had lower visualization scores, with 60–81% of images scoring below 2.
- Surgeons were 17–25 times more likely to adjust margins for CSE flaps versus OMO or THO based on fluorescence imaging.
- Poor inter-rater agreement was found for OMO (ICC 0.49) and THO (ICC 0.35); CSE had near-perfect agreement, but ICC was low due to uniform high scoring.
- Visualization was affected by flap depth and panniculus, making deeper vessels (OMO, THO) harder to see.
- Surgeons often shortened flap length and reduced flap area when modifying based on NIRFA results.
- Real-time angiosome visualization via NIRFA-ICG may reduce necrosis risk and improve patient-specific APF design.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Use of near‐infrared fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green to evaluate direct cutaneous arteries used for canine axial pattern flaps
2024-6-VS-eiger-2
In Knudsen 2024 et al., on CTA diagnosis, what was the approximate percentage of menisci correctly classified in second readings?
🔍 Key Findings
- Multidetector CTA had high sensitivity (up to 100%) and specificity (up to 96%) for detecting medial meniscal tears in dogs.
- Observer experience significantly influenced diagnostic accuracy, with more experienced observers showing higher agreement and better performance.
- Training effect was evident, as less experienced observers improved between first and second readings.
- Positive likelihood ratios ≥4.6 and negative likelihood ratios ≤0.08 were observed, suggesting CTA is clinically useful for confirming or ruling out meniscal injury.
- CTA allowed identification of full and partial thickness lesions, with good visualization in sagittal, transverse, and frontal reconstructions.
- Approximately 90% of menisci were correctly classified in second readings.
- No adverse reactions were noted from the contrast injection; sedation was used instead of general anesthesia.
- CTA was less invasive and potentially more cost-effective compared to arthroscopy, especially in settings without MRI access.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Diagnosis of medial meniscal lesions in the canine stifle using multidetector computed tomographic positive-contrast arthrography
2024-8-VS-knudsen-3
In Adair 2023 et al., on PCCLm vs OC in dogs, which factor was NOT significantly different between groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- PCCLm resulted in significantly fewer postoperative lower urinary tract signs compared to OC (13.0% vs 60.9%, p <.001).
- Incomplete urolith removal was not significantly different between PCCLm and OC (11.4% vs 20%, p = .112).
- PCCLm had significantly shorter anesthesia times than OC when no concurrent procedures were performed (97.5 vs 120 min, p < .001).
- Surgical site infection/inflammation (SSII) rates were low and not significantly different between groups (4.5% PCCLm vs 1.8% OC).
- Dogs undergoing PCCLm were more frequently discharged same-day (84.7% vs 0% in OC), reflecting faster recovery.
- PCCLm had higher intraoperative complication rates (22.1% vs 3.4%), mostly due to incision extension or conversions.
- Time to additional surgery for urolith recurrence was longer in PCCLm dogs (24 vs 11.5 months, p = .004).
- Calcium oxalate uroliths were more prevalent in PCCLm cases, while OC had more struvite or mixed types.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Retrospective comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and traditional open cystotomy (OC) in dogs: 218 cases (2010–2019)
2023-6-VS-adair-2
In Banks 2024 et al., which surgical factor was significantly associated with under-correction of TPA?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Design: Retrospective study of 100 radiographs using in silico and clinical data
- Mean preoperative TPA: 28.6°, higher in small dogs than large (p = .02)
- Mean planned TPA (in silico): 7.6°, not achieving 5° target (p < .01)
- Median postoperative TPA: 5.5° overall; higher in small dogs (7°) vs large (4.5°) (p = .06)
- Postoperative ostectomy position: More distal than recommended; average = 8.6 mm
- Increased distalization → greater under-correction of TPA (p = .01)
- Most accurate correction occurred when ostectomy was ≤7.5 mm from patellar tendon
- Wedge angle categories (TPA-Pre minus 5–2°) were used based on pre-op TPA
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
A mismatch of planning and achieved tibial plateau angle in cranial closing wedge surgery: An in silico and clinical evaluation of 100 cases
2024-1-VS-banks-3
In García 2025 et al., on TIAS shunt confirmation, what was the outcome in dogs with microbubbles still visible after initial occlusion?
🔍 Key Findings
- 40 dogs with congenital EHPSS were surgically treated using intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline (TIAS) to assess full temporary occlusion.
- TIAS was successful in 38/40 dogs; the remaining 2 had additional shunting vessels not originally seen and required further identification/ligation.
- No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred.
- TIAS allowed real-time confirmation of attenuation success using ultrasound-visible microbubbles.
- Median postoperative bile acids were 5 μmol/L (preprandial) and 25 μmol/L (postprandial).
- Long-term outcomes: 29/39 dogs had excellent, 10/39 had good outcomes; 3 dogs died unrelated to EHPSS.
- Technique is presented as a safe, quick, low-cost, accessible intraoperative assessment alternative to IOMP or SP.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
Use of intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline to confirm temporary full attenuation of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs
2025-2-VS-garcia-2
In Glenn 2024 et al., on comparative surveillance methods, how did active surveillance affect SSI detection rate?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Population: 754 soft tissue or orthopedic procedures in dogs and cats
- SSI Rate: 62/754 (8.2%)
- Algorithms Evaluated:
- Algorithm 1: Highest sensitivity (87.1%) → best for "rule-out"
- Algorithm 2: Highest specificity (97.9%) → best for "rule-in"
- Algorithm 3: Highest overall accuracy (95.5%)
- Active vs. Passive Surveillance:
- Active surveillance detected 12 additional SSIs (19.4%) missed by passive
- Active surveillance increased detection rate by 24%
- Timing: Most SSIs occurred within 30 days; late infections (after 90 days) were rare and implant-related
- Conclusion: Client questionnaires are a valid and scalable tool for SSI detection; active surveillance improves outcomes
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Evaluation of a client questionnaire at diagnosing surgical site infections in an active surveillance system
2024-1-VS-glenn-2
In Gleason 2023 et al., on ala vestibuloplasty in cats, what cardiopulmonary parameter showed significant improvement postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ala vestibuloplasty significantly reduced normalized pulmonary transit time (nPTT) (mean 5.43 → 3.89 sec; p <.001), suggesting improved cardiopulmonary function.
- Clinical respiratory signs improved, including reduced snoring, sneezing, nasal discharge, and open-mouth breathing (all p <.01).
- Activity tolerance increased, with less dyspnea during activity and longer time to onset of dyspnea (p <.005).
- Paradoxical sternal motion resolved in all affected cats after surgery.
- Hiatal hernias resolved in 75% of affected cats on follow-up CT.
- No serious complications occurred, with only mild, self-limiting epistaxis and hypersalivation in a few cases.
- Aberrant turbinates were detected on CT in all cats, though only 1 showed obstructive CATs endoscopically.
- Total clinical severity scores improved significantly postoperatively (median reduction of 30 points; p <.001).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ala vestibuloplasty improves cardiopulmonary and activity‐related parameters in brachycephalic cats
2023-4-VS-gleason-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings