🔍 Key Findings

• Low-trauma events caused 82.9% of CvHL cases; Poodles and poodle-crosses represented 49.4% of cases.
• Success rate of hobbles (61.8%) was significantly higher than closed reduction alone (10.3%) or Ehmer sling (18.5%).
• Multivariate analysis found hobbles 7.62x more likely to succeed vs. closed reduction (p = .001).
• Specialist surgeons had higher success with nonsurgical management (OR: 2.68; p = .047).
• Older age associated with better outcomes (OR: 1.15 per year; p < .0005).
• Ehmer sling is not recommended due to high failure and complication rates (60.6%).
• Toggle rod stabilization had a high surgical success rate (88.2%) with low complication.
• No link was found between CvHL and hip dysplasia or OA in most cases (only 2/108 showed OA).

🔍 Key Findings

• Fluoroscopically guided normograde metabone pinning (FGNMP) was used to treat 17 animals (15 dogs and 2 cats) with 57 metabone fractures, including various fracture configurations (short-oblique body, physeal, and comminuted).
• All 57 fractures were stabilized using intramedullary pins via FGNMP. The study exclusively focused on pin fixation and did not include screws or combined fixation techniques.
• Median surgical time was 54 minutes (range 26–99 min), indicating efficient procedural execution.
• Radiographic bone union was achieved in all fractures, with a median time to union of 6 weeks (range 4–12 weeks). Union was confirmed in all initially non-united fractures on follow-up.
• No major complications were reported. A single pressure sore at the olecranon resolved uneventfully, and no pin migration or osteomyelitis was observed.
• Pin extensions were noted radiographically (e.g., 42% distal subchondral overextension), but were not associated with clinical problems.
• Fluoroscopic guidance improved implant accuracy and preserved soft tissue, enabling effective fracture alignment and stabilization using this minimally invasive osteosynthesis (MIO) approach.
• The authors concluded that FGNMP is an effective, safe, and minimally invasive method for a variety of metabone fracture types, yielding quick recovery, fast healing, and good to excellent long-term functional outcomes in all 17 cases.

🔍 Key Findings:

• Study design: Retrospective, 20 cats with congenital EHPSS treated with ameroid ring constrictor (ARC).
• Perioperative complication rate: 25% (5/20), including seizures, blindness, ascites, and one death.
• Short-term outcomes (18 cats):
  • Excellent: 14
  • Good: 2
  • Poor: 2
• Long-term outcomes (18 cats):
  • Excellent: 15
  • Good: 1
  • Poor: 2
• Persistent seizures: Noted in some cats despite normal bile acids and CBC/chemistry.
• Preoperative blindness resolved in most cats.
• Mean follow-up duration: Median 8 years.

🔍 Key Findings

• Two short screws (SLS or SPS) provided >2× peak load, yield load, and stiffness vs a single long screw (LLS) for SI joint stabilization.
• No mechanical advantage was seen between the two short screw types (lag vs positional).
• All short screws terminated lateral to the spinal canal, avoiding spinal impingement.
• Ventral sacral foraminal impingement occurred in 3 short-screw cases (1 SPS, 2 SLS), all involving the caudal screw.
• LLS group showed more abaxial displacement at osteotomy sites, suggesting inferior stabilization for concurrent pelvic fractures.
• Short screw constructs had longer total screw length (48 mm) than LLS (40 mm), contributing to increased stiffness.
• Positioning of caudal screw in a cranial/craniodorsal trajectory may help avoid nerve foraminal injury.
• No significant difference in displacement at peak load among groups; stiffness and load capacity were the primary benefits.

🔍 Key Findings

• CBLO fixation with both a headless compression screw (HCS) and tension band (TB) showed the highest yield and ultimate loads compared to other configurations
• HCSTB constructs had significantly higher yield load (1212 N) and ultimate load (1388 N) than Plate alone (788 N, 774 N), HCS alone (907 N, 927 N), or TB alone (1016 N, 1076 N)
• No difference in construct stiffness was detected among the four fixation methods tested
• All constructs ultimately failed by bone fracture—location of failure differed by construct type (e.g., through HCS hole or cranial screw hole)
• TB and HCSTB groups showed failure via progressive TB stretching and cranial osteotomy widening, while Plate and HCS failed more abruptly
• All constructs withstood forces exceeding expected quadriceps load in vivo (170–325 N), suggesting all methods can resist physiological loading, but HCSTB provides greater safety margin
• HCS alone was not significantly stronger than Plate or TB alone, questioning its standalone superiority
• Study supports using TB and HCS together for optimal construct strength, but clinical studies are needed to validate implant fatigue, healing, and failure rates

🔍 Key Findings

• Fascia lata autograft reconstruction of the FCU tendon successfully treated carpal hyperextension in both dogs.
• Primary repair was not possible in one dog due to complete rupture; a fascia lata graft bridged the tendon gap.
• In the second case, elongated tendon was corrected and reinforced with fascia lata to prevent recurrence.
• Type I external skeletal fixation was used for 6 weeks to support tendon healing in both dogs.
• Postoperative gait and range of motion returned to normal, with no recurrence at 36-month follow-up.
• Ultrasonography aided diagnosis, revealing thinning and echogenic changes in the FCU tendon.
• Histologic findings showed mild, nonspecific muscle changes, suggesting injury rather than a systemic disease.
• No complications occurred, and fascia lata showed potential for biological integration and remodeling into tendon-like structure.

🔍 Key Findings

• Rupture occurred in 7.0% of dogs undergoing surgical PDA ligation (20/285).
• Overall mortality was low (0.4%), with only one death occurring post-rupture.
• Residual flow occurred in 9.4% of dogs; significantly more common in dogs with rupture.
• Residual flow odds were not increased when ligation was successfully performed despite rupture.
• No significant associations between rupture and age, weight, suture size, or dissection technique.
• Jackson-Henderson and intrapericardial techniques were helpful in managing rupture or fibrosis.
• Major complications (non-rupture) were rare (1.4%), including pulmonary artery ligation and cardiac arrest.
• Surgeon preparedness (e.g., hemostatic tools, alternate techniques) was key to successful outcomes.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study Design: Cadaveric model using four large-breed dogs with 10x10 cm full-thickness wounds at four locations (shoulder, thorax, flank, thigh).
• Configurations Tested: Diagonal, opposite, parallel, and perpendicular placements of wound infusion catheter and JP drain.
• Fluid Retrieval:
  • No significant difference by configuration (p = .92) or location (p = .32).
  • Perpendicular configuration had the highest mean retrieval (11.35 mL, 56.8% of instilled volume).
  • Flank location had the lowest retrieval (7.2 mL, 35.9%).
• Surface Area Coverage:
  • Parallel configuration achieved the highest SA coverage (83.4% ± 11.6%, p < .01).
  • Perpendicular was lowest.
• Leakage:
  • No difference in leakage between configurations (p = .74) or locations (p = .10).
  • Leakage commonly occurred at drain or catheter entry points (93.8% of wounds).
• Conclusion: Parallel drain configuration optimized fluid dispersion. Infusion-retrieval systems may allow for topical therapy delivery in closed wounds.

🔍 Key Findings

• Six dogs with thyroid carcinoma underwent preoperative CT lymphography (CTL) and intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping using methylene blue (MB) and indocyanine green (ICG) with near-infrared (NIR) imaging.
• SLNs were successfully identified in all dogs (6/6).
• SLNs included medial retropharyngeal, cranial deep cervical, and superficial cervical nodes.
• Metastatic carcinoma was found in 3/12 SLNs, in 2/6 dogs.
• Some discordance occurred between CTL and intraoperative SLN findings (partial match in 3/6).
• Protocol modifications (e.g., reduced dye volume, post-exposure injection) improved localization and minimized dye diffusion.
• No intraoperative complications or adverse events occurred.
• Study supports further investigation of combined SLN mapping techniques in canine thyroid cancer.

🔍 Key Findings

139 immature dogs with humeral condylar fractures (HCF) reviewed retrospectively.
Postoperative plan changed in 17% (23/139) of cases.
Key risk factors for plan change:

• Owner concerns (OR: 7.6)
• Analgesic use at follow-up (OR: 7.9)
• Lameness (OR: 5.9)
• Abnormal clinical exam (OR: 44.8)
• Radiographic abnormalities (OR: 51.9)

No plan changes were based solely on radiographs when clinical signs were absent.
Supracondylar K-wire migration noted in 3.5% of dogs without affecting the clinical plan.
Authors conclude that routine follow-up radiographs offer limited value without concurrent clinical indicators.