Your Custom Quiz
In Gleason 2023 et al., on ala vestibuloplasty in cats, which of the following complications was reported after ala vestibuloplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ala vestibuloplasty significantly reduced normalized pulmonary transit time (nPTT) (mean 5.43 → 3.89 sec; p <.001), suggesting improved cardiopulmonary function.
- Clinical respiratory signs improved, including reduced snoring, sneezing, nasal discharge, and open-mouth breathing (all p <.01).
- Activity tolerance increased, with less dyspnea during activity and longer time to onset of dyspnea (p <.005).
- Paradoxical sternal motion resolved in all affected cats after surgery.
- Hiatal hernias resolved in 75% of affected cats on follow-up CT.
- No serious complications occurred, with only mild, self-limiting epistaxis and hypersalivation in a few cases.
- Aberrant turbinates were detected on CT in all cats, though only 1 showed obstructive CATs endoscopically.
- Total clinical severity scores improved significantly postoperatively (median reduction of 30 points; p <.001).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ala vestibuloplasty improves cardiopulmonary and activity‐related parameters in brachycephalic cats
2023-4-VS-gleason-4
In Bresciani 2022 et al., on modified urethrostomy outcomes, what was the most common early postoperative complication in cats undergoing mPPU?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified prepubic urethrostomy (mPPU) was effective for managing proximal urethral obstructions in male cats.
- All 8 cats regained voluntary urination within 24 hours postoperatively.
- Early urinary incontinence and peristomal dermatitis occurred in all cats but were self-limiting.
- Two cats (25%) required surgical revision due to stomal obstruction from weight gain and abdominal fat.
- No intraoperative complications were reported in any of the 8 cats.
- Follow-up (13–84 months) showed sustained urinary continence and owner satisfaction in all cases.
- The rectus abdominis muscle tunnel likely increased outflow resistance, minimizing persistent incontinence.
- Recurrent hematuria and dysuria occurred in 3 cats but were managed conservatively.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Modified prepubic urethrostomy with body wall tunneling: Description of technique and long-term outcome in eight male cats
2022-2-VS-bresciani-1
In Burton 2025 et al., on antebrachial conformation, what is a proposed biomechanical consequence of increased PRUDA?
🔍 Key Findings
- PRUDA (proximal radio-ulnar divergence angle) and UCORA (ulnar center of rotation of angulation) were significantly greater in Cocker Spaniels with HIF vs those without.
- PRUDA (p < .001): Group 1 (HIF) vs Group 2 & 3.
- UCORA (p = .036): Group 1 vs Group 3.
- Other angles (MPRA, LDRA, PCRA, DCRA, torsion) showed no significant differences.
- Increased PRUDA and UCORA may lead to divergent load vectors across the humeral condyle, potentially predisposing to stress fracture (HIF).
- Measurement techniques using CT-based 3D reconstructions were reliable (intraobserver ICC > 0.84).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Antebrachial conformation in Cocker Spaniels with and without humeral intracondylar fissure
2025-4-VS-burton-5
In Miller 2024 et al., on staple vs. hand-sewn feline GI techniques, which enterotomy method showed significantly lower intraluminal pressure resistance?
🔍 Key Findings
- Skin staple anastomosis (SSA) had comparable leak pressures to hand-sewn anastomosis (HSA) but required half the time to complete.
- Skin staple enterotomy (SSE) had significantly lower leak pressures than hand-sewn enterotomy (HSE) and failed in 12/20 constructs during pressure testing.
- HSE constructs took 8× longer to complete than SSE, but had much higher intraluminal pressure tolerance.
- All SSE constructs leaked from the center, with 35% leaking immediately and 60% showing catastrophic failure.
- SSA leakage occurred at the center in 40% of constructs, likely due to a learning curve in early samples.
- All constructs had higher pressures than normal physiologic intestinal pressure (4.0 mmHg ±2.0), except some SSEs with immediate leaks.
- Authors recommend SSA as a viable alternative with appropriate training but do not recommend SSE using the tested technique in live cats.
- Staple size and placement technique are key factors; smaller or more precisely placed staples may reduce leak risk.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Performance time and leak pressure of hand-sewn and skin staple intestinal anastomoses and enterotomies in cadaveric cats
2024-4-VS-miller-1
In Trommelmans 2026 et al., on DPO DARA change, what was the approximate median postoperative DARA following double pelvic osteotomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) significantly decreases dorsal acetabular rim angle (DARA), confirming improved acetabular ventroversion and femoral head coverage in dysplastic hips.
- The achieved acetabular ventroversion is consistently less than the plate’s predetermined angle, indicating predictable loss of rotation during DPO.
- Median reduction in DARA was 23.4°, 16.7°, and 15° with 30°, 25°, and 20° plates respectively, demonstrating that larger plates produce greater rotation but still less than intended.
- Actual ventroversion achieved was ~5–8° less than the plate angle, with median losses of 6.6°, 8.3°, and 5° for 30°, 25°, and 20° plates.
- Postoperative DARA decreased from ~16–18° preoperatively to approximately −4°, aligning with recommended postoperative acetabular slope targets.
- Postoperative DARA remained stable on short-term (~48 days) and long-term (~386 days) CT follow-up, suggesting minimal remodeling after DPO.
- Most acetabular rotation (~88%) occurs at the pelvic symphysis rather than through iliac torsion, explaining partial loss of rotation relative to plate angle.
- CT-measured DARA provides a reliable surgical planning metric and may improve implant angle selection for DPO procedures.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
1
2026
Effect of Double Pelvic Osteotomy on Dorsal Acetabular Rim Angle Using Computed Tomography in 27 Dogs
2026-1-vcot-trommelmans-4
In Fink 2025 et al., on Roux-en-Y outcomes, which anastomosis type was preferred when the common bile duct was severely dilated?
🔍 Key Findings
- Roux-en-Y procedures were successfully completed in all 11 cases (6 dogs, 5 cats), despite case complexity and disease severity.
- Median survival post-discharge was longer in cats (365 days) vs. dogs (82 days), with better outcomes in non-neoplastic vs. neoplastic disease (192 vs. 5 days).
- Complication rate was high, with septic peritonitis, dehiscence, and cardiac arrest as leading causes of postoperative death; mortality rate = 36%.
- Dehiscence rate was 8.6% (2 of 23 anastomoses), considered lower than typical rates for GI anastomoses in high-risk patients.
- Feeding tubes (gastrostomy/jejunostomy) were used in all cases, enabling early nutritional support and stomach decompression.
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting were common but mostly self-limiting; managed with metoclopramide, cisapride, and antiemetics.
- Choledochojejunostomy was preferred when common bile duct was dilated, offering a favorable size match and potentially reducing bile leakage.
- Roux-en-Y reduced typical Billroth II complications (e.g., bile reflux, afferent loop syndrome, dumping syndrome), with none observed in discharged patients.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Roux‐en‐Y procedure to reconstruct the upper gastrointestinal tract in six dogs and five cats: A descriptive case series
2025-5-VS-fink-2
In Sabol 2024 et al., what technique was recommended to reduce risk of implant misplacement?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Evaluated ideal dorsolateral implant trajectories in T1–T13 using CT in 30 dogs across five weight classes.
- Corridor widths were narrowest in the mid-thoracic vertebrae (as little as 1.8 mm) and increased cranially and caudally.
- Allowable deviation angles (ADA) were often very small (as little as 3°), indicating high risk for canal or thoracic structure breach.
- Distances to critical structures (lungs, aorta, subclavian artery, azygos vein) were often <1 mm, even in large dogs.
- Data suggest extreme caution and precision are needed for thoracic vertebral implant placement and support use of navigation or 3D-printed guides.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Implantation Corridors in Canine Thoracic Vertebrae: A Morphometric Study in Dogs of Varying Sizes
2024-2-VCOT-sabol-5
In Low 2026 et al., on BFX stem subsidence, what was concluded regarding the commonly cited 3 mm and 5 mm subsidence thresholds?
🔍 Key Findings
- Median BFX stem subsidence was only 0.4 mm, but values ranged from −4.1 to 9.8 mm across 177 THRs.
- Subsidence was significantly associated with stem complications (p = .005), but not with non-stem complications (p = .76) or prosthetic luxation (p = .07).
- Most stem complications were intraoperative femoral fissures (8/11), and only one fissure progressed to postoperative femoral fracture.
- Traditional subsidence thresholds of 3 mm and 5 mm poorly predicted complications; most stems exceeding these values remained complication-free.
- Large subsidence can be clinically inconsequential, with two stems demonstrating 8.8 mm and 9.8 mm of subsidence without complications.
- Canal flare index, canal fill, and stem orientation were not associated with subsidence, suggesting limited predictive value of these radiographic measurements.
- Subsidence may reflect consequences of intraoperative fissures rather than cause complications, supporting a possible reverse-causality relationship.
- Clinical interpretation of subsidence should be contextual, considering fissures, implant sizing, femoral morphology, and patient factors rather than relying on numeric cutoffs alone.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2026
Subsidence of the BFX standard stem after canine total hip replacement: A case series of 177 consecutive procedures
2026-4-vs-low-4
In Karlin 2026 et al., on acetabular cup radiography, what was the primary reason proposed for poor accuracy in open-face version measurement using the CPAD?
🔍 Key Findings
- CPAD accurately measured angle of lateral opening (ALO) on sagittal radiographs with near-perfect agreement (Lin’s Rc = 0.994) compared with known angles.
- No significant difference between measured and true ALO values was detected (p = 0.655), supporting accuracy of the device for this parameter.
- Mean ALO measurement error was only 0.14° ± 1.18°, indicating high precision of the CPAD method.
- Open-face version measurements were significantly inaccurate compared with known values (p < 0.0001).
- Mean error in version measurement was 9.5° ± 6.31°, showing only moderate agreement (Rc = 0.424).
- Measurement error in version likely resulted from radiographic superimposition of the V-axis bar with the cup edge, making bar endpoints difficult to identify.
- CPAD accuracy for ALO (~1.18°) is nearly five times better than previous radiographic techniques, which typically achieve ~5° accuracy.
- Intraoperative fluoroscopic use of CPAD may allow real-time adjustment of cup orientation, potentially reducing luxation risk after canine THA.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2026
In Vitro Evaluation of a Device to Assess Acetabular Cup Position by Sagittal Plane Radiography
2026-2-vcot-karlin-4
In Sandoval 2024 et al., on lung lobectomy technique outcomes, how many lobectomies per group are needed for a superiority study comparing SLL and stapler?
🔍 Key Findings
- Intra- and postoperative complications occurred only in stapled lobectomies, but the difference was not statistically significant (intra: p = .069, post: p = .112).
- Intraoperative hemorrhage was the most common complication (11.8%), followed by air leakage (2%).
- All self-ligating loop (SLL) lobectomies had zero complications (n=18), though the sample was small.
- Postoperative complications included 4 catastrophic events (cardiopulmonary arrest), all in stapled cases.
- Lung lobectomy technique was not associated with duration of chest tube use, hospitalization, or survival (p > .05).
- 94.3% of patients survived to discharge (82/87).
- SLLs are lower-cost and may be more feasible for thoracoscopic/minimally invasive approaches due to smaller port size (5mm vs. 12mm for staplers).
- A future superiority study would need ≥103 lobectomies per group to assess differences in complication rates.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Short‐term outcomes of dogs and cats undergoing lung lobectomy using either a self-ligating loop or a thoracoabdominal stapler
2024-7-VS-sandoval-5
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Key Findings