Your Custom Quiz
In Eskelinen 2025 et al., on Plate–Pin fixation for MPL, what was the authors’ recommendation regarding the number of screws for TT fixation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Plate–Pin TTT fixation resolved MPL in 64/65 stifles with low recurrence (1.5%) and good lameness outcomes postoperatively.
- Complication rate was 21.5% (14/65 stifles), mostly minor (57%); major issues included pin migration, fracture, or capsular failure.
- Pin-related issues accounted for 8 of 20 total complications, highlighting implant refinement is needed.
- No avulsions, TT fixation failures, or luxation recurrence occurred in cases where surgical technique was followed precisely.
- Surgical deviations increased complication risk 11.3× (p < 0.05), suggesting adherence to protocol is critical.
- Single-session bilateral MPL surgery had comparable complication rate (3/20) to unilateral surgery (11/45).
- Screw breakage occurred in 3 cases, suggesting at least 3 screws may be needed for secure TT fixation.
- Authors suggest temporary pin fixation and later removal may reduce complications, though prospective studies are needed.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Outcome and Complications Following Medial Patellar Luxation Corrective Surgery with Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Using a Locking Plate and a Pin Fixation: 45 Unilateral and 20 Single-Session Bilateral Procedures
2025-4-VCOT-eskelinen-5
In Chik 2026 et al., on barbed gastropexy outcomes, which technical characteristic distinguishes barbed suture gastropexy (BSG) from standard incisional gastropexy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Barbed suture gastropexy (BSG) significantly reduced surgical time compared with standard incisional gastropexy (SIG) when performed alone (53.3 vs 62.6 min, p = .03).
- Perioperative mortality was 5.79% (7/121) and did not differ between techniques (SIG 5/63 vs BSG 2/58; p = .28).
- No significant difference in perioperative or postoperative complication rates between BSG and SIG (p = .12).
- Recurrence of GDV or gastric dilatation without volvulus did not differ between groups, supporting comparable efficacy of the techniques.
- Postoperative gastrointestinal signs occurred in ~23% of dogs, with no difference between techniques (p = .33).
- BSG uses abrasion and a single continuous barbed suture without seromuscular incisions, simplifying the procedure.
- Study cohort included 121 dogs (BSG n = 58; SIG n = 63) treated surgically for GDV at a referral hospital.
- Overall conclusion: barbed suture gastropexy is a viable alternative to incisional gastropexy, offering shorter operative time with comparable outcomes and recurrence risk.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2026
Comparison of short-term outcomes and recurrence rates in dogs undergoing open right-sided barbed suture gastropexy and standard incisional gastropexy for treatment of gastric dilatation-volvulus
2026-2-vs-chik-4
In Petazzoni 2022 et al., on DPO in older dogs, what was the most significant improvement in radiographic hip assessment 1 year after surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- DPO improved joint congruity and clinical signs in dogs ≥10 months old with minimal osteoarthritis.
- Median Norberg angle increased by 21.8% 1 year postoperatively (from 87° to 106°; p < .01).
- Femoral head coverage increased significantly, with PC rising 66.7% and LHC by 162.5% at 1 year (p < .01).
- No significant change in pelvic canal width postoperatively, suggesting pelvic conformation was preserved.
- All ilial osteotomies healed with complete osseous bridging by 8 weeks; 7/11 pubic osteotomies achieved full healing.
- No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported, including implant failure.
- Locking plates and additional ventral plating were used in select cases and may have contributed to implant stability.
- DPO may be extended to older dogs with suitable hip morphology and minimal OA, expanding traditional age criteria.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Clinical outcomes of double pelvic osteotomies in eight dogs with hip dysplasia aged 10–28 months
2022-2-VS-petazzoni-1
In Petazzoni 2026 et al., on tibial detorsional osteotomy, CT evaluation of dogs with medial patellar luxation most commonly identified which tibial abnormality?
🔍 Key Findings
- PTDO restored normal patellar tracking in 96% (51/53) of stifles, supporting its use for PL associated with abnormal tibial torsion.
- Clinical function was full in 72% and acceptable in 24%, giving a combined full/acceptable outcome in 96% of cases.
- External tibial torsion predominated in MPL: CT demonstrated a mean tibial torsion angle of 8.8° ± 4.7°, with external torsion identified in 22/23 CT-assessed MPL limbs.
- CT helps distinguish true tibial torsion from tibial tuberosity displacement: despite apparent medial tibial tuberosity positioning on caudocranial radiographs, mean CT tibial tuberosity location was central.
- PTDO corrects torsion by rotating the distal tibial fragment opposite the deformity; for external torsion, the distal fragment was internally rotated until appropriate pes–tibial tuberosity alignment was achieved.
- Radiographic union occurred at a mean of 2.7 ± 0.5 months, with relatively few bone-healing complications despite the unstable nature of the osteotomy.
- Overall complications occurred in 33% (18/53), including 11% major and 22% minor complications; PTDO failure, persistent PL, and DFO failure accounted for the major events.
- Rigid locking fixation is clinically important because detorsion creates cortical mismatch and poor bone-to-bone contact; the authors emphasize locking implants and accurate plate contouring for construct stability.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2026
Clinical outcomes and complications after proximal tibial detorsional osteotomy for patellar luxation in dogs: A multicenter retrospective study
2026-6-vs-petazzoni-2
In Marturello 2023 et al., on 3D-printed humeral models, which anatomical region had the **highest model accuracy** across all printer types?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed models using desktop printers (FDM, LFS) showed submillimetric accuracy, comparable to or better than industrial-grade PJP printers.
- Bone size had a greater effect on print accuracy than printer type, especially in proximal humerus regions.
- The humeral condyle region showed the greatest model accuracy, with mean differences under 0.5 mm, regardless of printer.
- Models tended to be slightly smaller than cadaveric bones, potentially due to systematic underestimation during printing.
- FDM printer provided the highest accuracy at the humeral condyle in medium-sized bones (+0.09 mm).
- LFS printer produced prints faster and more reliably than FDM, although both had comparable dimensional accuracy.
- Statistically significant differences existed, but all were submillimetric and unlikely to impact surgical outcomes.
- Desktop printers are suitable for surgical planning, including plate pre-contouring and patient-specific instrumentation.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Accuracy of anatomic 3‐dimensionally printed canine humeral models
2023-1-VS-marturello-2
In Pilot 2022 et al., on closure methods in sternotomy, which of the following was significantly associated with an increased risk of complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Overall closure-related complication rate was 14.1%, lower than previously reported (17–78%).
- No clinically meaningful difference in complication rate between orthopedic wire (17.4%) and suture (11.5%) closure methods.
- Dog size (≥20 kg) was the only significant risk factor associated with increased closure-related complications (p = .01).
- Type of closure (wire vs. suture) did not affect risk, even in larger dogs.
- Suture closure showed a non-significant trend toward fewer complications (mean reduction 2.3%, 95% CI: –9.1% to +4.5%).
- Most complications were mild (62%), with only 10 severe cases requiring surgical revision.
- Infection rate was low (2.7%), and not significantly different between wire and suture.
- Suture closure is a valid alternative to wire, including in large dogs, based on this large, multi-institutional study.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Comparison of median sternotomy closure‐related complication rates using orthopedic wire or suture in dogs: A multi-institutional observational treatment effect analysis
2022-6-VS-pilot-2
In Gleason 2023 et al., on ala vestibuloplasty in cats, which clinical respiratory sign resolved in all cats following ala vestibuloplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ala vestibuloplasty significantly reduced normalized pulmonary transit time (nPTT) (mean 5.43 → 3.89 sec; p <.001), suggesting improved cardiopulmonary function.
- Clinical respiratory signs improved, including reduced snoring, sneezing, nasal discharge, and open-mouth breathing (all p <.01).
- Activity tolerance increased, with less dyspnea during activity and longer time to onset of dyspnea (p <.005).
- Paradoxical sternal motion resolved in all affected cats after surgery.
- Hiatal hernias resolved in 75% of affected cats on follow-up CT.
- No serious complications occurred, with only mild, self-limiting epistaxis and hypersalivation in a few cases.
- Aberrant turbinates were detected on CT in all cats, though only 1 showed obstructive CATs endoscopically.
- Total clinical severity scores improved significantly postoperatively (median reduction of 30 points; p <.001).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ala vestibuloplasty improves cardiopulmonary and activity‐related parameters in brachycephalic cats
2023-4-VS-gleason-2
In Burton 2023 et al., on CHAPS plate design, which structures were specifically avoided in screw hole placement for CHAPS plates?
🔍 Key Findings
- The Canine Humeral Anatomic Plating System (CHAPS) was designed using CT-based 3D modeling of 100 canine humeri from 5–50 kg.
- Four plate sizes (TP1–TP4) were developed to accommodate a wide range of canine body sizes.
- Plate contour fit was evaluated across 48 cadaveric limbs and showed a 97.5% median surface match, demonstrating excellent topographic conformity.
- Screw hole placement avoided 95–100% of critical anatomical structures including the supratrochlear foramen and nutrient foramen.
- The plates were designed for use with locking screws, improving biomechanical stability for humeral diaphyseal fractures.
- CHAPS plates showed consistent alignment with humeral curvature in both craniocaudal and mediolateral planes.
- CT data revealed marked breed and size variation, but the multi-size design achieved broad anatomical applicability.
- The system provides an anatomic solution with potentially fewer intraoperative contouring needs and reduced iatrogenic risk.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2023
Design and topographic evaluation of a canine humeral anatomic plating system (CHAPS)
2023-3-vs-burton-3
In Boullenger 2025 et al., on traumatic patellar luxation, what was a proposed strategy to improve FPS outcomes in large or active dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Patients: 16 (11 dogs, 5 cats); 6.1% of canine and 23.8% of feline PL cases were traumatic.
- Most common luxation direction: Medial (81.3%).
- Surgery: All had capsular imbrication; 75% had fabello-patellar suture (FPS).
- Short-term results (13/16 cases):
- 77% had no lameness by 2 months.
- 85% had no PL recurrence.
- 3 severe complications: capsulorrhaphy tear, FPS fabellar tear, septic arthritis.
- Long-term results (13/16 cases):
- 85% lameness-free.
- 77% full function; 23% acceptable.
- 0 reluxations reported by owners.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2025
Clinical Presentation, Surgical Treatment, and Outcome of Traumatic Patellar Luxation in 11 Dogs and 5 Cats: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study between 2011 and 2022
2025-1-VC-boullenger-5
In Longo 2023 et al., on CT trochlear measurements, what best describes the significance of FTA and FTRIA in surgical planning for MPL?
🔍 Key Findings
- Dogs with MPL had significantly shallower femoral trochlear grooves compared to controls, based on CT-measured femoral trochlear groove angle (FTGA).
- FTGA >134° in small breeds (SB) and >128° in medium/large breeds (MLB) were associated with MPL and can serve as surgical thresholds for considering trochleoplasty.
- FTA and FTRIA measurements were less reliable, showing lower sensitivity/specificity than FTGA.
- Inter-rater reliability for FTGA was excellent (ICC > 0.9), supporting its use in clinical decision-making.
- FTGA differed significantly between SB and MLB dogs, suggesting anatomical variation influences MPL predisposition.
- Dogs with MPL but with FTGA below threshold may not benefit from trochleoplasty, supporting individualized surgical planning.
- CT provides more precise and reproducible evaluation of trochlear morphology than radiography or ultrasound.
- The study introduces a CT protocol using P25 and P50 reference points for consistent FTGA measurement.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2023
Computed tomographic measurements of the femoral trochlea in dogs with and without medial patellar luxation
2023-3-VS-longo-3
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Key Findings