Your Custom Quiz
In Curuci 2024 et al., which complication occurred most commonly after DCTPLO?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 16 dogs (18 stifles) with CrCL rupture and TPA >34° were treated using the DCTPLO
- Mean TPA correction: from 39.4° to 6.3°
- Bone union at 60 days in 17/18 stifles; remaining healed by 90 days
- Minor complications (e.g., small wedge gaps) in 2/18 stifles — no major complications
- Patellar ligament thickening seen in 16/18 stifles but no clinical signs noted
- The technique enabled safer reduction with less risk of tibial crest fracture vs. conventional TPLO
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
6
2024
Double-Cut Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy for the Management of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency in Dogs with an Excessive Plateau Angle: Early Clinical Results in 16 Dogs
2024-6-VCOT-curuci-3
In Chen 2024 et al., on pressure-measurement tools, why is high precision potentially more critical than accuracy when monitoring portal pressures during PSS ligation?
🔍 Key Findings
- WMg (water manometer with gauge) was the most accurate and precise pressure measurement device.
- APT (arterial pressure transducer) was less accurate than WMg but still precise; it differed significantly from the gold standard (WMr).
- CCT (Compass CT) was the least accurate and precise and differed significantly from the set pressure.
- Mean differences from set pressure were smallest for WMg (−0.020 cm H2O), moderate for APT (−0.390 cm H2O), and largest for CCT (−1.267 cm H2O).
- All devices showed excellent interobserver (ICC = 1.000) and intraobserver agreement (ICC range 0.985–0.998).
- Even though the CCT performed least well, all devices had mean errors ≤1.3 cm H2O, indicating potential clinical utility.
- WMg or WMr should be preferred in surgical settings due to superior accuracy and precision.
- Measurement precision is more critical than accuracy during PSS surgery, as a 1 mm Hg (~1.3 cm H2O) increase in portal pressure raises odds of poor outcomes by 9%.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Accuracy, precision, and interobserver and intraobserver agreements related to pressure-measurement devices
2024-4-VS-chen-3
In Smith 2024 et al., on ergonomics and preferences in veterinary laparoscopy, what type of instrument handles were most associated with increased difficulty in laparoscopic procedures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Surgeons with smaller glove sizes experienced more difficulty using laparoscopic instruments, especially endoscopic staplers, cup biopsy forceps, and vessel sealing devices.
- Endoscopic stapler was rated the most difficult instrument, with a median difficulty score of 4/10 and 25% usage difficulty.
- Female surgeons reported significantly more difficulty with several instruments due to smaller glove size.
- Reusable instruments were preferred over disposable ones for all tasks.
- Pistol grips were preferred for grasping/retracting and fine dissection, while axial grips were preferred for suturing/knot tying.
- Articulating handles were consistently associated with increased reported difficulty, especially with scissors and cup biopsy forceps.
- Left-handed surgeons had more difficulty operating endoscopic staplers, suggesting limited design inclusivity.
- Surgeons in academic settings reported more difficulty with laparoscopic maneuvers than those in private practice.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Variables affecting surgeons’ use of, and preferences for, instrumentation in veterinary laparoscopy
2024-3-VS-smith-4
In Eskelinen 2025 et al., on Plate–Pin fixation for MPL, what was the most common cause of minor complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Plate–Pin TTT fixation resolved MPL in 64/65 stifles with low recurrence (1.5%) and good lameness outcomes postoperatively.
- Complication rate was 21.5% (14/65 stifles), mostly minor (57%); major issues included pin migration, fracture, or capsular failure.
- Pin-related issues accounted for 8 of 20 total complications, highlighting implant refinement is needed.
- No avulsions, TT fixation failures, or luxation recurrence occurred in cases where surgical technique was followed precisely.
- Surgical deviations increased complication risk 11.3× (p < 0.05), suggesting adherence to protocol is critical.
- Single-session bilateral MPL surgery had comparable complication rate (3/20) to unilateral surgery (11/45).
- Screw breakage occurred in 3 cases, suggesting at least 3 screws may be needed for secure TT fixation.
- Authors suggest temporary pin fixation and later removal may reduce complications, though prospective studies are needed.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Outcome and Complications Following Medial Patellar Luxation Corrective Surgery with Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Using a Locking Plate and a Pin Fixation: 45 Unilateral and 20 Single-Session Bilateral Procedures
2025-4-VCOT-eskelinen-3
In Loh 2024 et al., on treatment outcomes for CvHL in dogs, which factor was associated with improved success in nonsurgical treatment?
🔍 Key Findings
- Low-trauma events caused 82.9% of CvHL cases; Poodles and poodle-crosses represented 49.4% of cases.
- Success rate of hobbles (61.8%) was significantly higher than closed reduction alone (10.3%) or Ehmer sling (18.5%).
- Multivariate analysis found hobbles 7.62x more likely to succeed vs. closed reduction (p = .001).
- Specialist surgeons had higher success with nonsurgical management (OR: 2.68; p = .047).
- Older age associated with better outcomes (OR: 1.15 per year; p < .0005).
- Ehmer sling is not recommended due to high failure and complication rates (60.6%).
- Toggle rod stabilization had a high surgical success rate (88.2%) with low complication.
- No link was found between CvHL and hip dysplasia or OA in most cases (only 2/108 showed OA).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Caudoventral hip luxation in 160 dogs (2003–2023): A multicenter retrospective case series
2024-4-VS-loh-3
In Fitzpatrick 2024 et al., on ESF for pelvic fractures in cats, what was concluded regarding neurological complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- External skeletal fixation (ESF) was successfully applied to a variety of pelvic fracture types in cats, including sacroiliac luxations and ilial body fractures.
- All fractures achieved radiographic union within 9 weeks, even in comminuted or complex configurations.
- No intraoperative or long-term complications were reported during the study period.
- Implant loosening was observed radiographically in 13% of cases, with 8% of pins found to be loose at frame removal.
- ESF enabled indirect fracture reduction using components as handles, with a limited open approach minimizing soft tissue disruption.
- No iatrogenic neurological deficits were observed, supporting safe pin placement near neurovascular structures, although some cats presented with pre-existing neurologic signs.
- No cases required revision surgery, and all cats underwent stabilization solely with ESF as per study inclusion criteria.
- Postoperative hospitalization ranged from 2 to 5 days, though no comparison to other fixation types was evaluated.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
External skeletal fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures in cats
2024-7-VS-fitzpatrick-3
In Gibson 2024 et al., on mediastinoscopy in dogs, which factor was identified as a major **technical limitation** of using a human-designed mediastinoscope?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mediastinoscopy was technically feasible in large-breed canine cadavers using a SILS port and standard laparoscopic instruments.
- The left tracheobronchial lymph node (LTBLN) was successfully retrieved in all cadavers (7/7), while cranial mediastinal lymph nodes were retrieved in only 1/7.
- Postprocedural pleural gas was observed in 4/7 cadavers, likely due to CO₂ insufflation.
- Instrument limitations with a human-designed mediastinoscope led to preference for laparoscopic instruments and SILS port for improved access and visualization.
- Complication rates were low, with only two minor (Grade 1) adverse events (pleural tear and LN rupture).
- Obesity and mediastinal fat were cited as potential challenges to visualization and node retrieval.
- NASA-TLX workload scores were lowest for tracheobronchial nodes, indicating these were the easiest to access.
- The authors concluded this approach may facilitate minimally invasive biopsy or resection of cranial mediastinal masses in live dogs, but clinical trials are needed to validate safety and efficacy.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Evaluation of mediastinoscopy for cranial mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymphadenectomy in canine cadavers
2024-5-VS-gibson-3
In Scheuermann 2023 et al., on canine femoral MIPO, what clinical advantage might 3D-printed custom surgical guides offer during MIPO procedures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Precontoured plates using 3D-printed femoral models achieved near-anatomic alignment in all cadaver limbs.
- Fracture reduction system (FRS) required significantly fewer fluoroscopy images than intramedullary pin (IMP) methods (7 vs 26, P = .001).
- Despite longer surgical time (43 vs 29 minutes, P = .011), FRS showed equally accurate or better alignment compared to IMP.
- Femoral length, frontal, sagittal, and axial alignment were all within near-anatomic thresholds (<10 mm or <5° deviation) in both groups.
- FRS was associated with more consistent length maintenance, with IMP showing a median shortening of 2.3 mm (P = .03).
- Axial plane deviation was statistically different in the FRS group (P = .04), but still clinically acceptable.
- Study highlights potential for custom 3D-printed guides to reduce radiation exposure and improve precision in MIPO procedures.
- Authors caution that FRS was time-consuming and cumbersome, suggesting design refinements needed for clinical use.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of femoral fractures with 3D‐printed bone models and custom surgical guides: A cadaveric study in dogs
2023-6-VS-scheuermann-5-99c5e
In Adair 2023 et al., on PCCLm vs OC in dogs, which complication was significantly associated with PCCLm incision extension?
🔍 Key Findings
- PCCLm resulted in significantly fewer postoperative lower urinary tract signs compared to OC (13.0% vs 60.9%, p <.001).
- Incomplete urolith removal was not significantly different between PCCLm and OC (11.4% vs 20%, p = .112).
- PCCLm had significantly shorter anesthesia times than OC when no concurrent procedures were performed (97.5 vs 120 min, p < .001).
- Surgical site infection/inflammation (SSII) rates were low and not significantly different between groups (4.5% PCCLm vs 1.8% OC).
- Dogs undergoing PCCLm were more frequently discharged same-day (84.7% vs 0% in OC), reflecting faster recovery.
- PCCLm had higher intraoperative complication rates (22.1% vs 3.4%), mostly due to incision extension or conversions.
- Time to additional surgery for urolith recurrence was longer in PCCLm dogs (24 vs 11.5 months, p = .004).
- Calcium oxalate uroliths were more prevalent in PCCLm cases, while OC had more struvite or mixed types.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Retrospective comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and traditional open cystotomy (OC) in dogs: 218 cases (2010–2019)
2023-6-vs-adair-3
In Gibson 2026 et al., on laparoscopic gastropexy instrumentation, which finding best describes the effect of the articulating laparoscopic needle driver (ALI) on suture-line completion time compared with standard laparoscopic instrumentation (SLI)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Standard laparoscopic instrumentation (SLI) was faster: median suture-line time was 6 min (5–10) with SLI versus 8 min (6–11) with the articulating needle driver (ALI); ALI added a modeled mean 1.9 min per suture line (p < .0001).
- ALI increased surgeon mental workload: NASA-TLX scores were significantly higher with ALI for mental demand, perceived performance, effort, and frustration.
- Objective technical performance favored SLI: mean global rating checklist scores were 17.7 for SLI versus 15.24 for ALI (p < .0001), although inter-rater agreement was only moderate-to-low (r = .36).
- No ergonomic advantage was demonstrated: shoulder, neck, back, wrist, forearm, and hand scores did not differ significantly between ALI and SLI.
- Both instruments successfully permitted TLG: all 17 client-owned dogs completed the procedure without conversion, supporting the feasibility of ALI despite inferior measured performance.
- Adverse events were uncommon and unrelated to ALI: two grade 2 intraoperative events occurred because of SLI device failure requiring replacement, and no postoperative complications were reported.
- A learning-curve effect may explain ALI performance: the surgeon was proficient with SLI but had no prior clinical ALI experience before the trial; the authors caution against interpreting the initial performance disadvantage as definitive evidence against ALI.
- Clinical benefit may depend on the procedure: investigators subjectively appreciated ALI's increased dexterity but noted reduced perceived needle-grasping strength; the device may prove more advantageous in difficult suturing orientations than routine TLG.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2026
Comparison between a laparoscopic articulating needle driver with standard laparoscopic instrumentation for total laparoscopic gastropexy in dogs
2026-6-vs-gibson-1
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