Your Custom Quiz
In Cortez 2024 et al., on feline ectopic ureters, what was the most common anatomical classification of ectopic ureters in cats?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ectopic ureters in cats are rare, but most are extramural and bilateral.
- Surgical techniques used included ureteroneocystostomy (UNC), neoureterostomy (NU), nephroureterectomy, and cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA).
- All cats showed improvement in urinary continence postoperatively, with 11/12 achieving complete resolution.
- Major complications were rare; one cat developed uroabdomen requiring revision surgery.
- Diagnostic imaging was effective, with abdominal ultrasound diagnosing 8/10 and CT 3/3 cases.
- Short- and long-term complications included urethral spasms, UTIs, stranguria, and rectal prolapse; all were manageable.
- CLA was successful in 2 cats and is noted as a first-time described technique in feline ectopic ureter cases.
- Median postoperative follow-up was 340 days, supporting good long-term outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes of cats undergoing surgical treatment of ectopic ureters
2024-6-VS-cortez-2
In Hawker 2024 et al., on checklist attitudes, which group was most often reported as noncompliant with SSC use?
🔍 Key Findings
- 67.9% of respondents reported using SSCs, with most indicating frequent use (64% used in every surgery).
- 78.7% agreed SSCs reduce complications, and 89.6% believed SSCs improve communication.
- Respondents not using SSCs were more likely to view them as a waste of time (p < .001).
- Forgetfulness (39.6%) and time constraints (36.5%) were leading reasons for checklist noncompletion.
- Only 23.3% had SSC training during surgical residency, with newer diplomates more likely to have had exposure (p < .001).
- Key strategies to improve uptake included: staff feedback modifications (67.9%), formal designation of initiator (48.6%), and training (52.2%).
- Surgeons and OR staff were most commonly identified as noncompliant team members.
- SSC use was more frequent in small animal practices, and mandating SSCs by management was favored but not always effective alone.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Attitudes towards surgical safety checklists among American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates
2024-5-VS-hawker-4
In Fracka 2024 et al., on perioperative risk factors, what was the most common breed affected in this study?
🔍 Key Findings
- Staphylectomy was linked to higher risk of complicated recovery than folded flap palatoplasty (OR = 59.29, p = .0002).
- Laryngeal collapse > Grade 2 was strongly associated with poor recovery (OR = 97.13, p < .0001).
- Longer general anesthesia duration increased the risk of complications (OR = 1.01 per min, p = .0051).
- Increasing age significantly raised the odds of perioperative complication (OR = 1.04 per month, p = .0113).
- History of aspiration pneumonia was only found in dogs with complications, though not in final model due to instability.
- Complicated recovery included >12 h O₂ therapy, tracheostomy, or death.
- FFP may reduce pharyngeal-laryngeal edema, possibly improving immediate outcomes.
- Bulldogs comprised 80% of population, with French Bulldogs most common (63%).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Risk factors for complicated perioperative recovery in dogs undergoing staphylectomy or folded flap palatoplasty: Seventy-six cases (2018–2022)
2024-4-VS-fracka-4
In Kuvaldina 2023 et al., on axillary lymph node excision, what was the reason for conversion to an open approach in one clinical case?
🔍 Key Findings
- Endoscopic excisional biopsy of axillary lymph nodes was successfully performed in cadavers and clinical dogs with minimal complications.
- The technique used a SILS port and CO₂ insufflation through a small incision between the latissimus dorsi and superficial pectorals.
- In 4 cadavers (6 limbs), mean time to remove axillary nodes was 33 minutes, and single nodes were found in 5/6 limbs.
- In 3 clinical dogs, the procedure was successful in 2 cases; 1 required conversion to open surgery due to difficulty manipulating the node.
- Accessory axillary nodes were successfully excised when present, located adherent to deep latissimus dorsi.
- No cases developed lymphedema, pneumothorax, or major complications postoperatively.
- Subjective benefits included better visualization, reduced dissection, and less postoperative morbidity than open techniques.
- Study suggests MIS lymphadenectomy may improve staging accuracy and reduce complications, though larger studies are needed.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Development of a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph nodes in dogs
2023-6-vs-kuvaldina-5-52de3
In Cherzan 2023 et al., on subcutaneous mast cell tumors, which characteristic was **not** significantly associated with recurrence, DFI, or survival in dogs with subcutaneous mast cell tumors?
🔍 Key Findings
- Local recurrence occurred in 17.8% of dogs, and was associated with significantly decreased survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .0038).
- Lymph node metastasis occurred in 26.7% of dogs and was significantly associated with shorter disease-free interval (194 vs not reached, p = .0012) and lower survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .043).
- Mitotic index >7 was significantly associated with higher recurrence (80% vs 22.5%, p = .02), shorter DFI (139 vs not reached days, p < .001), and shorter survival (247 vs 1722 days, p = .05).
- Infiltrative growth pattern was associated with shorter DFI (268 vs 1864 days, p = .011), but not with survival or recurrence.
- Incomplete margins (≤1 mm) were not significantly associated with recurrence (p = .085), but did correlate with shorter DFI (p = .043).
- Chemotherapy or radiation therapy was associated with shorter DFI and survival, likely due to selection bias for more aggressive disease.
- Tumor size >3 cm was associated with decreased survival (p = .031), but not with recurrence or DFI.
- Multinucleation and necrosis were not associated with prognosis outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Factors affecting prognosis in canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors: 45 cases
2023-4-VS-cherzan-3
In Marchionatti 2022 et al., on antiseptic efficacy comparison, which of the following best reflects the conclusion?
🔍 Key Findings
- Chlorhexidine-based asepsis protocols were comparable to povidone-iodine for reducing surgical site infection (SSI) rates in veterinary surgery.
- No significant difference in skin bacterial colonization was observed between the two antiseptics, at both immediate and delayed timepoints.
- Chlorhexidine-alcohol protocols showed a non-significant trend toward improved bacterial reduction in some studies, though inconsistent across all studies.
- Use of neutralizing agents was inconsistent, which may have led to overestimation of antiseptic efficacy in several studies.
- Formulations and concentrations varied widely (e.g., chlorhexidine 0.5–4%, povidone-iodine 0.7–1%), contributing to heterogeneity and limiting definitive conclusions.
- Only a minority of studies reported using CDC criteria for SSI diagnosis, affecting the reliability of infection outcomes.
- Risk of bias was high or unclear in multiple domains across all included studies, limiting overall confidence in conclusions.
- Meta-analysis confirmed no statistically significant superiority of either protocol for SSI prevention or skin bacterial reduction.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Preoperative skin asepsis protocols using chlorhexidine versus povidone‐iodine in veterinary surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2022-5-VS-marchionatti-5
In Tobias 2022 et al., on perineal hernia repair positioning, which surgical advantage did dorsal recumbency provide?
🔍 Key Findings
- Perineal hernia repair was feasible in dorsal recumbency in all 23 dogs, allowing simultaneous perineal and abdominal procedures without repositioning.
- Internal obturator muscle transposition (IOMT) was successfully performed in 22 dogs, with tendon transection facilitating improved muscle elevation.
- Complication rate was 60.9% in-hospital and 47.8% post-discharge, mostly minor (e.g., swelling, drainage), with infection suspected in 4 dogs (17.4%).
- Recurrence rate was 19% overall, but significantly higher in dogs with prior hernia repairs (50% vs 5.9%; p = 0.053).
- Dogs without prior repairs or organ pexies had no recurrences (p = 0.035), suggesting primary repairs without preexisting interventions fare better.
- Castration and adjunctive abdominal procedures (e.g., colopexy, cystopexy) were often performed concurrently (18/23 dogs).
- Colopexy did not prevent recurrence, although it aided in surgical visualization during perineal repair.
- Dorsal positioning allowed simultaneous access to the abdomen and perineum, improving surgical efficiency without added complications.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Perineal hernia repair in dorsal recumbency in 23 dogs: Description of technique, complications, and outcome
2022-5-VS-tobias-1
In Weichert 2026 et al., on feline CMF fractures, which bone was most commonly fractured in cats presenting with craniomaxillofacial trauma?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mandibular fractures were the most common injury, occurring in 40/48 cats, often affecting multiple mandibular regions simultaneously.
- Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) injuries were frequent, present in 27/48 cats, with 23 fractures and 4 luxations, most commonly involving the condylar process.
- Maxillofacial fractures involving nasal and palatal structures occurred in 36/48 cats, frequently producing airway obstruction due to fragment displacement or swelling.
- Orbital fractures occurred in 30/48 cats, predominantly affecting the dorsomedial orbital wall and often associated with nasal airway obstruction.
- Pterygoid bone fractures (25/48) were clinically important, frequently causing medial displacement and obstruction of the nasopharyngeal airway.
- Combined involvement of multiple functional systems was common, with 36/48 cats showing concurrent injuries affecting oral cavity and nasal airway function.
- Neurocranial fractures were uncommon (6/48) but occurred only in cases with severe, multifocal CMF trauma.
- CT imaging was essential for diagnosis, as many orbital and skull fractures were difficult or impossible to detect clinically.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2026
Assessment of Fracture Distribution and Involvement of Functional Systems Following Craniomaxillofacial Trauma in 48 Cats
2026-2-vcot-weichert-1
In Mayhew 2023 et al., on BOAS surgery effects, what percentage of dogs were considered “non-responders” based on owner scoring?
🔍 Key Findings
- Owner-reported regurgitation improved after CMS, especially post-eating and during activity (P = .012 and P = .002)
- No significant improvement in VFSS measures of SHH or GER postoperatively (P > .05 for all comparisons)
- Laryngeal ventriculectomy and soft palate resection were performed in all dogs, alaplasty in 14/16
- Aspiration pneumonia occurred in 1 dog immediately post-op and resolved with treatment
- Post-op esophagoscopy results varied, with persistent esophagitis in some cases
- Clinical response was variable, with ~25–30% of dogs being “non-responders” based on owner scoring
- 13/16 dogs showed partial or full clinical improvement, despite no change in objective SHH/GER indicators
- Final follow-up at median 36.5 months showed some dogs still on medical therapy; one underwent further surgery
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Effect of conventional multilevel brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome surgery on clinical and videofluoroscopic evidence of hiatal herniation and gastroesophageal reflux in dogs
2023-2-VS-mayhew-2
In Alvarez 2024 et al., on TPLO compression methods, which combination provided the most uniform and high interfragmentary compression across all quadrants?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- F + P (forceps + plate compression) achieved the most uniform, high-pressure distribution across all quadrants.
- Kern forceps alone concentrated force in craniomedial quadrant, reducing caudal compression.
- Combining Kern + F improved craniolateral compression but did not restore caudal compression.
- Plate compression alone yielded caudal bias, not uniform pressure.
- Significant inter-method variation in quadrant-specific compression confirmed via ANOVA (p < 0.001 for all quadrants).
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
In Vitro Assessment of Compression Patterns Using Different Methods to Achieve Interfragmentary Compression during Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy
2024-2-VCOT-alvarez-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings