Your Custom Quiz
In Marturello 2023 et al., on 3D-printed humeral models, what clinical application is most **justified by this study’s findings**?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed models using desktop printers (FDM, LFS) showed submillimetric accuracy, comparable to or better than industrial-grade PJP printers.
- Bone size had a greater effect on print accuracy than printer type, especially in proximal humerus regions.
- The humeral condyle region showed the greatest model accuracy, with mean differences under 0.5 mm, regardless of printer.
- Models tended to be slightly smaller than cadaveric bones, potentially due to systematic underestimation during printing.
- FDM printer provided the highest accuracy at the humeral condyle in medium-sized bones (+0.09 mm).
- LFS printer produced prints faster and more reliably than FDM, although both had comparable dimensional accuracy.
- Statistically significant differences existed, but all were submillimetric and unlikely to impact surgical outcomes.
- Desktop printers are suitable for surgical planning, including plate pre-contouring and patient-specific instrumentation.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Accuracy of anatomic 3‐dimensionally printed canine humeral models
2023-1-VS-marturello-5
In Meltzer 2022 et al., on femoral implant selection, what was the role of canal flare index (CFI) in femoral component selection?
🔍 Key Findings
- Hybrid implants were used in older, heavier dogs with lower canal flare index (CFI) compared to cementless types.
- CFI <1.8 was associated with higher risk of femoral fracture or stem subsidence with cementless implants.
- Total complication rate was 14%, with catastrophic complications in only 1.5%—lower than reported in other studies.
- No significant difference in complication rates across implant types (BFX, BFX-C, hybrid).
- Femur fractures were rare (2.9%), lower than in prior studies, and successfully managed with cerclage/plate fixation.
- Coxofemoral luxation was the most common complication (8 cases); all occurred within 62 days post-op, mostly resolved with revision.
- Collared BFX stems did not significantly reduce complications, though they may limit stem subsidence.
- An implant selection algorithm was proposed, using age ≥7 years, weight ≥45 kg, and CFI <1.8 to guide cemented vs. cementless stem use.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Case factors for selection of femoral component type in canine hip arthroplasty using a modular system
2022-2-VS-meltzer-4
In Miller 2024 et al., on leak testing in cooled feline intestine, what was the finding regarding initial leak pressure (ILP) between fresh and cooled enterotomy constructs?
🔍 Key Findings
- No difference in initial leak pressure (ILP) or maximum intraluminal pressure (MIP) between cooled (17–29 h) and fresh enterotomy constructs.
- Wall thickness of duodenum and jejunum did not differ between fresh and cooled samples.
- Leak locations (suture holes vs clamp sites) were similar between groups; not statistically different.
- Volume of infusion did not influence ILP or MIP outcomes.
- Mean ILP values: Control = 600 mmHg (maxed), Fresh = 200 mmHg, Cooled = 131 mmHg; CE vs FE difference was not significant.
- Intraluminal diameter was largest in the ileum, followed by jejunum and duodenum.
- Cadaveric intestine cooled ≤29h may be reliably used in ex vivo feline leak pressure studies.
- First report of gross small intestinal lengths by region in cats—useful for resection planning.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Cooled feline intestine and fresh intestine did not differ in enterotomy leak pressure testing or in gross wall thickness measurement
2024-5-VS-miller-1
In McKay 2023 et al., on patellar tendon augmentation, what was the most common mode of failure in the suprapatellar TBW group?
2023-8-VS-mckay-2
In McLean 2024 et al., what was the mean postoperative TPA in dogs **without** rock-back?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 95 TPLO procedures reviewed retrospectively with follow-up radiographs
- Rock-back defined as increase in tibial plateau angle (TPA) ≥2° from immediate post-op to recheck
- 21% of stifles (20/95) experienced rock-back
- Mean ΔTPA among rock-back cases = 3.2° ± 2.6°
- No implant failures or tibial tuberosity fractures were reported in these cases
- Plate inclination and exit cut angle (ECA) were not associated with increased risk of rock-back (p = 0.4 and 0.2)
- Authors hypothesize that compression across osteotomy in vivo may mitigate torsional effects from ECA, unlike in gap-model studies
- Emphasizes that rock-back is relatively common, even with well-placed implants
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
6
2024
Effect of Plate Inclination and Osteotomy Positioning on Rock-back following Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy in Dogs
2024-6-VCOT-mclean-4
In Leu 2026 et al., on cadaver training outcomes, what was a key limitation of the OSATS GRS identified in the study?
🔍 Key Findings
- Structured cadaveric training significantly improved surgical technical skills with expert OSATS scores increasing from 17/35 to 23/35 (p = .001)
- Self-assessment scores also improved significantly from 17/35 to 25/35 (p = .018), indicating perceived skill progression
- Inter-assessor agreement was variable (κ = 0.04–0.65), with only moderate–substantial agreement between two of three experts
- Agreement between self-assessment and expert assessment was poor (κ ≈ 0), highlighting inaccurate self-perception
- Residents demonstrated better self-assessment accuracy than interns, suggesting experience improves insight into performance
- Training program included multimodal structure (supervised sessions, self-directed practice, and one-on-one feedback), totaling ~45.8 hours over 3 months
- OSATS GRS effectively detected skill improvement but has limitations in reliability, particularly due to subjective categories and lack of procedural specificity
- Structured cadaver training is feasible and beneficial for residency programs, supporting integration into surgical curricula
Veterinary Surgery
3
2026
Structured assessment of a cadaveric orthopedic surgical training program of small animal surgeons in training: A prospective observational pilot study
2026-3-vs-leu-4
In Miyagi 2025 et al., on endoscopic laser sphincterotomy, which feature helped protect the pancreatic duct during lasering?
🔍 Key Findings
- Endoscopic-assisted retrograde catheterization (EARC) and laser sphincterotomy were successful in 18/18 cadavers, demonstrating technical feasibility.
- Intramural common bile duct (ICBD) length ranged from 10 to 21 mm (mean 15.8 mm), with no correlation to body weight (r = 0.06, p = .79).
- Transition from ICBD to extramural duct was accurately identified endoscopically in 88% (16/18); transition was heralded by separation of the submucosal layer.
- Partial lateral perforations occurred in 2/18 dogs, only during early learning phase; no leakage was found on open dissection.
- Laser sphincterotomy preserved the pancreatic duct orifice, aided by protective catheter positioning.
- Compared to open duodenotomy, this technique allows for a smaller incision and less manipulation of the pancreas, which may reduce morbidity.
- No adverse events such as intra-abdominal saline egress or full-thickness perforation occurred, and the technique allowed safe access up to 10 mm from the MDP.
- Cadaveric limitations included absence of biliary pathology and inability to evaluate live complications, but the technique shows promise for future live animal trials.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Endoscopic‐assisted laser sphincterotomy of the intramural common bile duct: A cadaveric pilot study
2025-5-VS-miyagi-3
In Leu 2026 et al., on cadaver training outcomes, which group demonstrated more accurate self-assessment compared to expert evaluation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Structured cadaveric training significantly improved surgical technical skills with expert OSATS scores increasing from 17/35 to 23/35 (p = .001)
- Self-assessment scores also improved significantly from 17/35 to 25/35 (p = .018), indicating perceived skill progression
- Inter-assessor agreement was variable (κ = 0.04–0.65), with only moderate–substantial agreement between two of three experts
- Agreement between self-assessment and expert assessment was poor (κ ≈ 0), highlighting inaccurate self-perception
- Residents demonstrated better self-assessment accuracy than interns, suggesting experience improves insight into performance
- Training program included multimodal structure (supervised sessions, self-directed practice, and one-on-one feedback), totaling ~45.8 hours over 3 months
- OSATS GRS effectively detected skill improvement but has limitations in reliability, particularly due to subjective categories and lack of procedural specificity
- Structured cadaver training is feasible and beneficial for residency programs, supporting integration into surgical curricula
Veterinary Surgery
3
2026
Structured assessment of a cadaveric orthopedic surgical training program of small animal surgeons in training: A prospective observational pilot study
2026-3-vs-leu-5
In Sadowitz 2023 et al., on screw angle & speed, what clinical recommendation is supported to reduce TCF risk?
2023-8-VS-sadowitz-5
In Niida 2024 et al., on surgical residents and TPLO time, how much longer did residents take compared to faculty surgeons (FS)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Resident involvement significantly increased TPLO surgery duration compared to cases performed by faculty surgeons (FS)-only. Residents required 54% more surgery time (GLSM, 153 min) than FS-only cases (GLSM, 99 min), representing a 1.54-fold increase.
- The study did not report on short-term complication rates. No conclusions can be drawn from this source regarding complications between resident and faculty groups.
- Bone plate contouring was not evaluated. The source does not provide data regarding contouring frequency or its comparison between groups.
- Surgery duration significantly decreased after the first year of residency, but remained stable between second- and third-year residents. This was largely due to shorter tibial osteotomy durations, while arthroscopy times remained unchanged across residency years.
- Meniscal treatment was performed in 80% of cases, and it was associated with increased surgical duration, but the study did not compare the frequency of medial meniscal release between resident and faculty cases.
- The study did not evaluate osteotomy healing or revision surgery. Cases requiring immediate reoperation were excluded.
- Bone union outcomes were not assessed at 8 weeks or any other time point.
- The study concludes that resident participation significantly prolongs surgical time, but no data are provided regarding the effect on short-term clinical outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
The impact of surgery resident training on the duration of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and outcomes in dogs
2024-5-VS-niida-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings