Your Custom Quiz
In Dobberstein 2022 et al., on NSAID ulcer repair, what percentage of dogs survived to discharge following primary closure of full-thickness gastroduodenal perforations?
🔍 Key Findings
- Primary repair of NSAID-associated full-thickness gastroduodenal ulcers was successful in 73% (8/11) of cases.
- NSAID overdose, concurrent corticosteroid use, or extended duration were identified in 9/11 dogs and were major contributors to ulceration.
- All perforations were in the pylorus or proximal duodenum, locations suitable for primary closure.
- No significant association between ulcer size or location and postoperative survival.
- Preoperative hyperlactatemia trended toward increased mortality (P = .0544; OR 2.045).
- Postoperative vasopressor use was linked with a 9-fold increased risk of mortality (P = .0545).
- Dehiscence was rare, suspected in only 1 of 11 cases, indicating that primary repair is structurally sound in selected cases.
- Median follow-up of 444 days showed long-term survival was achievable post-primary repair.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Primary repair of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐associated full thickness gastrointestinal ulcers in 11 dogs
2022-7-VS-dobberstein-1
In Latifi 2022 et al., on forelimb fascial mapping, which statement is TRUE regarding nerve transection during tumor resection?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fascia was present over most of the canine forelimb, but key areas like the elbow, carpus, and manus lacked robust fascial planes for wide resection.
- Type I fascia (discrete sheet) was primarily found in the antebrachium, with type IV (periosteal) fascia located at the olecranon, scapular spine, and accessory carpal bone.
- Distal antebrachial fascia was thin and adherent, often blending with carpal structures and lacking reliable surgical planes.
- Partial tenectomy or joint capsule resection was often required for wide excision in the distal limb, especially over the triceps tendon and carpus.
- Nerve transections (e.g., superficial radial or ulnar branches) were commonly needed to maintain fascial margins, though often with minimal functional loss due to overlapping innervation.
- Digital and metacarpal pads lacked clear deep fascial borders, making digit amputation necessary for oncologic margins in distal tumors.
- Dissections revealed fascial junctions as either Type A (easily separable) or Type B (risk of disruption), guiding resection plane selection.
- Findings provide a surgical map to guide preoperative planning for superficial tumor excision on the forelimb.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs. Part II: Forelimb
2022-1-VS-latifi-4
In Thompson 2024 et al., on cyanoacrylate enterotomy sealants, which group had the highest initial leak pressure (ILP)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Highest initial leak pressure (ILP) observed in the handsewn + cyanoacrylate (HS + CE) group: 83.3 ± 4.6 mmHg (p < .001 vs. others).
- Lowest ILP: cyanoacrylate-only group (CE): 18.6 ± 3.5 mmHg.
- No significant MIP difference between handsewn (HSE) and HS + CE groups (p = .19); CE had significantly lower MIP (22.7 mmHg).
- Leak location:
- HSE: 60% from suture holes
- CE: 100% from incisional line
- HS + CE: 60% from incisional line, 40% from suture holes
- Authors conclude cyanoacrylate augmentation significantly increases ILP and could reduce enterotomy leakage risk.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Effects of cyanoacrylate on leakage pressures of cooled canine cadaveric jejunal enterotomies
2024-2-VS-thompson-1
In Banks 2024 et al., what ostectomy position was associated with the most accurate postoperative TPA?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Design: Retrospective study of 100 radiographs using in silico and clinical data
- Mean preoperative TPA: 28.6°, higher in small dogs than large (p = .02)
- Mean planned TPA (in silico): 7.6°, not achieving 5° target (p < .01)
- Median postoperative TPA: 5.5° overall; higher in small dogs (7°) vs large (4.5°) (p = .06)
- Postoperative ostectomy position: More distal than recommended; average = 8.6 mm
- Increased distalization → greater under-correction of TPA (p = .01)
- Most accurate correction occurred when ostectomy was ≤7.5 mm from patellar tendon
- Wedge angle categories (TPA-Pre minus 5–2°) were used based on pre-op TPA
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
A mismatch of planning and achieved tibial plateau angle in cranial closing wedge surgery: An in silico and clinical evaluation of 100 cases
2024-1-VS-banks-5
In Billas 2022 et al., on SSI risk after limb amputation, what was the SSI incidence following clean limb amputation procedures?
🔍 Key Findings
- 12.5% overall incidence of SSI after limb amputation, and 10.9% for clean procedures.
- Bipolar vessel sealing device use for muscle transection significantly increased SSI risk (OR 2.5; P = .023).
- Monopolar electrosurgery and sharp transection were not associated with increased SSI risk.
- Non-clean wound classification increased SSI odds (OR 8.2; P = .003).
- Amputation for infection (OR 5.7) or trauma (OR 4.5) significantly increased SSI risk compared to neoplasia.
- Preoperative infections at distant sites did not significantly increase SSI risk.
- Neither surgery/anesthesia duration, hypothermia, hypotension, nor skin closure method significantly affected SSI risk.
- Study supports avoiding bipolar sealing devices for muscle transection in limb amputations to reduce SSI risk.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Incidence of and risk factors for surgical site infection following canine limb amputation
2022-3-VS-billas-2
In Zann 2023 et al., In Long-term outcomes after proximal humeral OC debridement in dogs, how did kinetic gait analysis compare affected and unaffected limbs?
🔍 Key Findings
- 20 dogs (26 shoulders) evaluated at mean 3.5 years post-surgery after arthroscopic or open debridement.
- Ipsilateral muscle atrophy and decreased range of motion (↓ extension, ↓ flexion) in affected limbs compared to contralateral healthy shoulders.
- All treated shoulders developed osteoarthritis, confirmed radiographically, by CT, and arthroscopically.
- Moderate to severe synovitis was present in all shoulders; lesions showed patchy, incomplete cartilage infilling even up to 8.9 years post-op.
- Kinetic gait analysis showed no significant differences in PVF/VI between affected and unaffected limbs, despite mild lameness clinically.
- Owners reported good to very good mobility (median LOAD = 6), often underestimating clinical lameness.
- CT detected larger lesion dimensions than radiographs (wider, deeper defects).
- Despite progression of OA, surgical debridement was associated with satisfactory long-term function, though not prevention of degenerative changes.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Long-term outcome of dogs treated by surgical debridement of proximal humeral osteochondrosis
2023-7-VS-zann-5
In Alvarez 2022 et al., on rehabilitation modalities, what was a major limitation noted across many studies included in the systematic review?
🔍 Key Findings
- Exercise-based rehabilitation showed benefits in 6 of 7 studies, including increased peak vertical force (PVF) and reduced lameness, though most had high risk of bias (RoB).
- Cold compression therapy (CCT) had 2 high-quality (Level II, low RoB) studies showing improvements in pain scores, range of motion, and swelling, supporting its clinical use.
- Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) was supported by 2 Level II studies; only one had low RoB, showing short-term benefits in patellar ligament thickness and PVF, but no long-term benefit on bone healing.
- Photobiomodulation (PBM) had mixed results across 3 Level II studies (all low RoB); only 1 showed positive impact on PVF, limiting its recommendation.
- Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) showed no significant impact on gait analysis or bone healing in a Level II, low RoB study.
- Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) improved lameness and thigh circumference in one Level III study, but had high-moderate RoB and involved experimentally-induced CCL rupture, limiting clinical relevance.
- No modality beyond exercise and CCT had consistent or strong evidence for efficacy in post-TPLO or extracapsular repair rehabilitation.
- The absence of standardized protocols, small sample sizes, and inconsistent outcome measures limited the generalizability of findings.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Systematic review of postoperative rehabilitation interventions after cranial cruciate ligament surgery in dogs
2022-2-VS-alvarez-3
In de la Oliva 2024 et al., which fixation method was most associated with complications?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 89 French Bulldogs with HCF; 40.4% (36/89) had contralateral HIF
- Prophylactic transcondylar screws placed in 20/36 HIF; no complications in these
- Complication rate for HCF repair = 13.4% (6.7% minor, 6.7% major)
- Most complications occurred with Kirschner wire fixation
- Short-term outcome: Bone healing observed in all, but 14/45 had persistent intracondylar gap
- Long-term outcomes (n=27):
- Excellent = 66.7%
- Good = 29.6%
- Fair = 3.7%
- Complication-free dogs significantly more likely to have excellent/good outcomes (p = 0.007)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Humeral Condylar Fractures in French Bulldogs: Prevalence of Contralateral Intracondylar Fissure, Treatment, and Outcome
2024-3-VCOT-delaoliva-3
In Hildebrandt 2023 et al., on Buccal Transposition Flap for Maxillary Lip Reconstruction in Dogs, what was the primary vascular supply to the buccal transposition flap identified on CT?
🔍 Key Findings
- Buccal transposition flap provided successful closure of large maxillary lip defects in all 5 dogs
- All flaps survived, with 3 dogs experiencing minor complications (e.g., fistulas, dehiscence) that resolved
- Flap vascularization originated from the angularis oris and superior labial arteries, as confirmed via CT angiography
- Excellent cosmetic and functional outcomes were achieved in all cases
- Ex vivo cadaver study validated flap perfusion, showing consistent contrast filling of key arteries
- Oronasal fistulas occurred in 2 dogs at the palatal incision site, likely due to contact with the mandibular canine tooth
- Mandibular canine coronectomy was performed in 2/5 dogs to prevent flap trauma
- Flap design and commissure positioning were customizable, aiding tension relief and improving outcomes
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Buccal transposition flap for closure of maxillary lip defects in 5 dogs
2023-2-VS-hildebrandt-1
In Neal 2023 et al., on transcondylar screw placement, which technique had more drill/pin attempts, increasing risk of glove puncture and contamination?
🔍 Key Findings
- Aiming device provided comparable trajectory accuracy to fluoroscopy, especially in right limbs (1.9° vs. 3.4°, p = .0128).
- Eccentricity (deviation from condylar center) was lower with fluoroscopy (3.1 mm vs 4.2 mm, p = .0017), making fluoroscopy more precise.
- Odds of joint infringement were 8× higher with the aiming device, though not statistically significant (p = .0575).
- Residents had greater screw trajectory deviation than diplomates (p = .0366), highlighting impact of experience.
- Aiming device procedures took less time than fluoroscopy in some scenarios, particularly for right limbs with right-handed surgeons.
- Fluoroscopic procedures had more pin/drill attempts, increasing risk of glove puncture and potential aseptic breaks.
- Mean deviation angles in both groups (<3.5°) were within acceptable range to avoid intracondylar fracture gap.
- Cadaver model used large-breed, healthy adult dogs, not small-breed immature dogs, limiting generalizability.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
The effect of an aiming device on the accuracy of humeral transcondylar screw placement
2023-4-VS-neal-5
Quiz Results
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Key Findings