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In Parlier 2024 et al., on insufflation effects on portal pressure in dogs, what clinical recommendation did the authors make regarding insufflation pressure?
🔍 Key Findings
- Portal pressure increased proportionally with insufflation pressure: 38% at 6 mmHg, 95% at 10 mmHg, and 175% at 14 mmHg.
- Exponential model: average increase of 7.45% per mmHg of insufflation pressure (CI: 4.7–10.2%).
- No systemic hemodynamic adverse effects were observed; MAP remained >60 mmHg throughout.
- Portal hypertension threshold (15 mmHg) predicted at ~6.4 mmHg insufflation pressure.
- No statistical impact from patient weight, pressure-to-weight ratio, or order of insufflation rounds.
- Measurement technique was feasible and safe, with only minor challenges (e.g., catheter kinking).
- The study supports use of the lowest insufflation pressure needed for visualization to avoid portal hypertension.
- Baseline portal pressures returned after desufflation, supporting comparison pre- and post-attenuation.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Prospective, randomized, clinical trial on the effects of laparoscopic insufflation pressures on portal pressures in dogs
2024-4-VS-parlier-5
In Clough 2022 et al., on CBLO-TTT construct testing, what is the clinical implication of combining CBLO and TTT?
🔍 Key Findings
- Combined CBLO-TTT did not reduce load to failure compared to CBLO or TTT alone (P = .81 and P = .12, respectively).
- CBLO-TTT maintains construct strength without significant compromise compared to individual procedures.
- Most common failure mode in CBLO-TTT was displacement of the tibial crest segment with k-wire pullout and tension band untwisting.
- No fulcrum effect was seen in CBLO-TTT, unlike TPLO-TTT combinations, likely due to preservation of buttress effect.
- Patellar ligament avulsion occurred in both CBLO and CBLO-TTT, but not as a clinical concern — possibly artifact from cadaver model.
- Load-to-failure testing was static and unidirectional, not accounting for cyclic fatigue or in vivo healing.
- Plate size and saw blade variation were based on clinical realism, introducing potential variability but not affecting outcomes.
- Study suggests feasibility of simultaneous surgical correction of CCL rupture and MPL using CBLO-TTT in dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Combined center of rotation of angulation‐based leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transposition: An ex vivo mechanical study
2022-3-VS-clough-5
In Cruciani 2022 et al., on feline pancreaticoduodenostomy, which anatomical consideration required splenectomy during surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left pancreaticoduodenostomy successfully restored digestive continuity after right lobe and body pancreatectomy in a cat.
- No clinical signs of exocrine or endocrine insufficiency were observed postoperatively up to 225 days.
- Histopathology confirmed chronic pancreatitis with abscess formation and reactive lymphadenopathy.
- No postoperative pancreatitis developed, based on imaging and normal feline pancreatic lipase levels.
- Progressive focal ampulla-like dilation of the pancreatic duct occurred near the anastomosis without clinical signs.
- The cat maintained weight and improved clinically for several months post-op, indicating satisfactory outcomes.
- Surgical technique involved end-to-side anastomosis between the left pancreatic duct and duodenum.
- Ultimately, the cat was euthanized due to disseminated carcinoma, presumed unrelated to the pancreatic surgery.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Left pancreaticoduodenostomy after removal of the right lobe and the head of the pancreas in a cat
2022-8-VS-cruciani-5
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which statement is true regarding maximal leakage pressure (MLP)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Augmenting FEESA with two simple interrupted crotch sutures (TCS) or simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS) significantly increased initial leakage pressure (ILP) compared to no suture or a single suture (NCS, SICS).
- SCCS had the highest ILP (47.6 mm Hg), followed by TCS (37.8 mm Hg), SICS (33.0 mm Hg), and NCS (27.1 mm Hg).
- All crotch suture types increased maximal leakage pressure (MLP) compared to no crotch suture.
- Leakage from the crotch occurred most commonly in NCS (67%) and SICS (50%), but only 8% with TCS and 0% with SCCS.
- SCCS was the only technique where leakage never occurred at the crotch site.
- SCCS had the highest MLP (100.6 mm Hg), supporting its use in clinical settings with high-risk patients.
- Intraluminal pressures during leakage in NCS constructs were sometimes below normal physiologic pressures, emphasizing risk of leakage without crotch suture.
- The transverse staple line never leaked in any group, indicating the crotch is the primary weak point.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Influence of crotch suture augmentation on leakage pressure and leakage location during functional end-to-end stapled anastomoses in dogs
2022-4-VS-duffy-4
In McKay 2023 et al., on patellar tendon augmentation, which method provided the highest construct stiffness?
2023-8-VS-mckay-1
In Adams 2024 et al., on canine tibial plateau fractures, what surgical construct was used for the medial TPF in Case 3?
🔍 Key Findings
- Tibial plateau fractures (TPF) are rare in dogs, but can be surgically stabilized with good outcomes even in complex trauma cases.
- Lateral TPFs (Unger type 41-B1) were approached via caudolateral arthrotomy, with elevation of the lateral meniscus for visualization and use of lag screws and K-wires for fixation.
- Medial TPF (Unger type 41-B2) was addressed via medial parapatellar approach using K-wires and a figure-of-eight tension band.
- One minor complication occurred: implant yield at 2 weeks in a case with a concurrent fibular fracture, resulting in a 0.8 mm step defect.
- No major complications were recorded, and all dogs achieved clinical union with full function by 8–10 weeks.
- Long-term owner-reported outcomes (LOAD scores) were excellent (5/52), indicating minimal osteoarthritis or chronic pain.
- Concurrent fibular fractures may increase risk of implant failure and should influence implant selection (e.g., considering buttress plating).
- Arthroscopic-assisted techniques may be applicable in select cases, but open reduction was preferred due to fragment displacement or concurrent injuries.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Prospective evaluation of the surgical stabilization and outcome of canine tibial plateau fractures in three cases
2024-6-VS-adams-1
In Perez Neto 2025 et al., on hip resurfacing arthroplasty, approximately how many times body weight did prosthetic femurs withstand before failure?
🔍 Key Findings
- In an ex vivo study of 20 canine femur pairs, implantation of a novel hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) prosthesis reduced maximum load (ML) by 22% and load at collapse (LC) by 27% vs. intact controls (p ≤ 0.05).
- Displacement at maximum load (DML), displacement at collapse (DC), and stiffness (k) were not significantly different between prosthesis and control groups.
- Both groups showed similar failure patterns, with 92% failing at the femoral neck.
- All prosthetic femurs still withstood ~6.2× body weight — exceeding estimated in vivo peak loads (~1.64× BW).
- Prosthesis positioning (neutral vs valgus) had no significant effect on biomechanical outcomes.
- Implant design preserved more metaphyseal bone stock than total hip replacement, possibly explaining the smaller load reduction compared to other short-stem prostheses.
- The press-fit cobalt–chromium design with conical stem allowed full contact and stress distribution over the femoral head/neck.
- Authors conclude the device has adequate immediate biomechanical strength for clinical use, though long-term in vivo studies are needed.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Biomechanical Evaluation of a Femoral Implant for Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty in Dogs: An Ex Vivo Study
2025-4-VCOT-perezneto-4
In Kang 2023 et al., on 3DEP accuracy, what was a key advantage of the 3DEP design for fluid and debris management during surgery?
2023-8-VS-kang-5
In Viljoen 2022 et al., on surgical hand prep protocols, what factor significantly influenced post-surgical contamination risk?
🔍 Key Findings
- Pre-ABHR hand preparation lowered CFUs at 120 minutes post-gloving compared to ABHR alone (P = .001)
- pH-neutral soap followed by ABHR outperformed ABHR alone despite being nonmedicated (P = .001)
- CHX and BAC prewashes showed better immediate CFU reduction post-preparation than pHN (P = .012)
- No significant difference in total log10 CFU reduction across all four groups over the full surgical period (P = .362)
- Glove perforation in the thumb was a significant contamination factor (P = .036)
- All dogs recovered without surgical site infections, though SSI incidence was not a primary outcome
- Neutralizer validation lacking, so CHX results interpreted cautiously
- Study supports a 1-minute hand wash with pH-neutral soap prior to ABHR as effective and safe
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Comparative antimicrobial efficacy of 4 surgical hand‐preparation procedures prior to application of an alcohol-based hand rub in veterinary students
2022-3-VS-viljoen-3
In De Moya 2025 et al., on antebrachial deformity correction, what was the most common radiographic outcome following CESF and distraction osteogenesis?
🔍 Key Findings
- CESF with distraction osteogenesis restored elbow congruity and normalized aLDRA in skeletally immature dogs with PCDRP.
- Radial head subluxation was eliminated in all dogs, and elbow incongruity reduced significantly (from 6.1 mm to 0.3 mm, p <.01).
- Mean radial lengthening of 22.6 mm (∼11% of normal length) was achieved, but only 80% of recorded distraction translated to length gain.
- Major complications occurred in 2/12 dogs: one with permanent carpal contracture, one with radial fracture at wire tract.
- Minor complications (e.g., carpal pain, restricted extension, synostosis, pin tract issues) were noted in 10/12 dogs but generally resolved.
- Owner surveys (8/12 dogs) reported good to excellent long-term function, even up to 6 years post-op.
- Radial valgus deformities were moderate (mean 15°) and less severe than deformities from ulnar physeal closure.
- Surgical strategy included staged distraction, with radial or combined radius/ulna distraction guided by fluoroscopy and adjusted per case.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Treatment of antebrachial deformities secondary to premature closure of the distal radial physis using circular external skeletal fixation and distraction osteogenesis in skeletally immature dogs
2025-6-VS-demoya-1
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