🔍 Key Findings

• Surgeon hand size significantly influences preferred finger-loop handle configuration when using laparoscopic instruments.
• Smaller-handed surgeons preferred smaller loop spacing and different finger placements, suggesting standard instrument designs may not accommodate all users.
• Larger-handed surgeons favored wider finger-loop spacing, which improved comfort and maneuverability during laparoscopic manipulation.
• Instrument ergonomics varied substantially between users, demonstrating that a “one-size-fits-all” laparoscopic handle design is suboptimal.
• Hand anthropometry affected both perceived comfort and functional performance during simulated laparoscopic tasks.
• Loop positioning and finger insertion pattern influenced wrist posture and grip mechanics, potentially affecting fatigue during prolonged procedures.
• Ergonomic mismatch between surgeon hand size and handle design may contribute to surgeon discomfort and reduced efficiency during minimally invasive surgery.
• The study supports development of adjustable or size-specific laparoscopic handles to improve surgeon ergonomics and operative performance.

🔍 Key Findings

Internal fixation (IF) group (n=59):

• Complication rate: 20.3%
• Major complications: 15.3%
• Longer time to discharge if complications occurred (median: 12.5 weeks)

External skeletal fixation (ESF) group (n=36):

• Complication rate: 55.6% (p < .001 vs IF)
• Major complications: 52.8%
• Most common issue: pin tract morbidity

Multivariable analysis:

• Use of IF significantly reduced odds of complications (OR 0.23, p = .004)
• Use of post-op antibiotics associated with increased odds of complications (OR 3.53, p = .028)

Fixation choice influenced by age:

• Older puppies more likely to receive IF (OR 1.25 per week increase in age, p < .001)

Breed & fracture distribution:

• Common breeds: Labrador, Border Collie, Whippet
• Common fracture sites: middle and proximal third of tibia

🔍 Key Findings

• Submucosal resection via a transanal approach was associated with a low rate (1.1%) of major complications and prolonged survival across benign and malignant rectal tumors.
• Overall recurrence rate was 21.5%, with higher recurrence in malignant tumors: 28.6% (carcinomas) and 30.4% (carcinoma in situ) vs. 13.6% (adenomas).
• Complications (P = .032) and incomplete margins (P = .023) were independently associated with increased recurrence risk.
• Recurrence was the only factor associated with increased risk of tumor-related death (P = .046).
• Repeat submucosal resection was successful in 60% of dogs with recurrence, indicating feasibility of this as a salvage approach.
• 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates for carcinomas were 95%, 89%, and 73%, though overall survival was significantly longer for benign tumors (P = .001).
• Preoperative diagnostics (FNA, biopsy) were often inconsistent with final histopathology – only 64.3% biopsy agreement.
• Presurgical imaging was not consistently performed, limiting accurate staging in many dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Fascia lata autograft reconstruction of the FCU tendon successfully treated carpal hyperextension in both dogs.
• Primary repair was not possible in one dog due to complete rupture; a fascia lata graft bridged the tendon gap.
• In the second case, elongated tendon was corrected and reinforced with fascia lata to prevent recurrence.
• Type I external skeletal fixation was used for 6 weeks to support tendon healing in both dogs.
• Postoperative gait and range of motion returned to normal, with no recurrence at 36-month follow-up.
• Ultrasonography aided diagnosis, revealing thinning and echogenic changes in the FCU tendon.
• Histologic findings showed mild, nonspecific muscle changes, suggesting injury rather than a systemic disease.
• No complications occurred, and fascia lata showed potential for biological integration and remodeling into tendon-like structure.

🔍 Key Findings

• CT localization of liver masses was more accurate by division (88%) than by lobe (74.3%)
• Inter-radiologist agreement was excellent for division (kappa up to 0.885) and only moderate–good for lobe
• Quadrate and right lateral lobes had significantly lower localization accuracy compared to left lateral or medial lobes
• CT localization of the left division was most accurate (90.1%) compared to central (77.1%) and right (88.3%)
• Portal and hepatic venous phases were equally helpful for localization (each ~30–38% usefulness)
• No significant associations found between histopathologic diagnosis and localization accuracy
• Lobe-level CT localization should be interpreted with caution, especially for the quadrate and right lateral lobes
• Radiologist experience likely influenced accuracy, with the most experienced radiologist performing best

🔍 Key Findings

• Cook system had good reliability across all cases (ICC = 0.848), even when complications, sequelae, and failure-to-cure were included.
• aCD system had excellent reliability when excluding sequelae/failure-to-cure cases (ICC = 0.975) but only moderate reliability when including them (ICC = 0.620).
• Majority of complications (60–63%) were graded as Grade 3 in the aCD system, corresponding to surgical or anesthetic intervention.
• Cook system classified most cases (78–81%) as major complications.
• Assessors had difficulty distinguishing sequelae from Grade 1 complications, and failure-to-cure from Grades 1–2, reducing aCD reliability.
• The aCD system offers more resolution (5 grades vs. 3) and less subjectivity through objective definitions.
• Novel terminology (e.g., sequelae, failure to cure) in the aCD system may hinder its uptake without proper training.
• Reclassifying expected events (e.g., swelling, bruising) as sequelae could significantly reduce reported complication rates in other studies.

🔍 Key Findings

• Preoperative warm-up significantly reduced surgical time — mean ~20 minutes shorter (63 min vs 84 min; p < 0.05)
• Warm-up significantly improved performance scores using a validated rubric (138.4 vs 121.5; p < 0.05)
• Combined warm-up (simulator + video game) enhanced efficiency and technical proficiency in novice surgeons
• No intraoperative complications occurred in either group, suggesting safety of trainee-performed LOVE under supervision
• Warm-up protocol consisted of 30 minutes (15 min simulator + 15 min laparoscopic video game)
• All participants had baseline laparoscopic exposure but limited hands-on experience, reflecting realistic novice conditions
• Validated scoring included GOALS and procedural steps, supporting objective assessment of surgical readiness
• Findings support incorporation of warm-up into surgical training programs to improve efficiency and potentially reduce errors

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 20 cats with pelvic fractures treated using locking plates with only cortical screws
• 28 fractures stabilized (ilium: 17, acetabulum: 6, ischium: 3, pubis: 2)
• Implants: Primarily 1.5/2.0 mm LCPs or String-of-Pearls plates
• Major complications in 2/20 cases (10%): sciatic entrapment, malunion requiring THA
• Minor complications in 2/20 cases (10%): plate impingement, transient lameness
• Clinical union in all cats by 8 weeks; all cats returned to full function
• Authors conclude cortical screws alone can provide adequate fixation in feline pelvic fractures if screw purchase and bone quality are sufficient

🔍 Key Findings

• 3D-printed, SOP plate-specific guides enabled safe screw placement from T12–L5 in canine cadavers and models.
• All 140 screw trajectories were classified as Zdichavski Grade 1, indicating optimal placement without vertebral canal breach.
• Screw angles (cranial-caudal and transverse) matched preoperative planning, with no significant deviation.
• Entry/exit point deviations were <1 mm on average, deemed clinically negligible.
• Drill guides were quick to place (<30 sec per vertebra) and improved ease of surgery.
• Plates acted as effective reduction tools, guiding alignment during screw placement in mobile spines.
• Minor technical challenges arose from cadaveric spine mobility, mitigated by sequential screw insertion.
• Technique may enable future use in fracture/luxation reduction, pending further cadaveric and clinical trials.