🔍 Key Findings

• Bilateral radial head OCD lesions were identified in a 6-month-old English Bulldog with elbow lameness.
• Medial arthroscopic portals allowed only partial visualization of radial head lesions, insufficient for treatment.
• Lateral arthroscopy portals provided excellent access for fragment removal and abrasion arthroplasty.
• Histopathology confirmed OCD, showing cartilage degeneration and retained cartilaginous cores.
• Dog showed complete resolution of lameness and no elbow pain at 5 months post-op.
• Lesions were caudolateral on the radial head, with discoid elevation of cartilage and clefts.
• Lateral approach avoids major neurovascular structures, reducing iatrogenic risk.
• The authors suggest lateral elbow arthroscopy may have broader indications, including for medial compartment disease or synovial biopsies.

🔍 Key Findings

• Mandibular fractures were the most common injury, occurring in 40/48 cats, often affecting multiple mandibular regions simultaneously.
• Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) injuries were frequent, present in 27/48 cats, with 23 fractures and 4 luxations, most commonly involving the condylar process.
• Maxillofacial fractures involving nasal and palatal structures occurred in 36/48 cats, frequently producing airway obstruction due to fragment displacement or swelling.
• Orbital fractures occurred in 30/48 cats, predominantly affecting the dorsomedial orbital wall and often associated with nasal airway obstruction.
• Pterygoid bone fractures (25/48) were clinically important, frequently causing medial displacement and obstruction of the nasopharyngeal airway.
• Combined involvement of multiple functional systems was common, with 36/48 cats showing concurrent injuries affecting oral cavity and nasal airway function.
• Neurocranial fractures were uncommon (6/48) but occurred only in cases with severe, multifocal CMF trauma.
• CT imaging was essential for diagnosis, as many orbital and skull fractures were difficult or impossible to detect clinically.

🔍 Key Findings

Study population: 12 dogs with medial or lateral tarsocrural joint instability (TCI), including 5 working farm dogs.
Procedure: Temporary immobilization using a calcaneotibial screw (CTS) combined with external coaptation (EC).
Stabilization techniques:

• 3 dogs = primary ligamentous repair
• 8 dogs = synthetic ligament reconstruction
• 2 dogs = malleolar fracture repair

Follow-up: Median 31 months (range 4–66); 10 owners completed outcome survey.
Outcomes:

• All 10 dogs had improved or resolved lameness.
• All 5 farm dogs returned to work (most at full or substantial capacity).
• Complication rate: 4 distinct events in 3 dogs (1 major = CTS breakage; 3 minor = bandage-related soft tissue injuries).

Conclusion: CTS + EC provided effective immobilization with low complication rate, and functional outcomes were favorable even in active dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Mitral valve plasty (MVP) in dogs with MMVD significantly reduced regurgitant volume and fraction, and normalized LA:Ao ratio, indicating reversal of volume overload.
• MVP altered mitral valve geometry, with reduced annular dimensions and increased coaptation length, enhancing valve competence.
• Postoperative LA:Ao ratio dropped from 2.2 to 1.2, consistent with improved left atrial pressure and size.
• Forward stroke volume index and cardiac index increased at 3 months, reflecting improved hemodynamic function despite reduced fractional shortening.
• Three dogs (3.9%) died postoperatively, highlighting a 96.1% survival rate within 3 months.
• The repair technique involved artificial chordal replacement and annuloplasty; no cleft closure or leaflet suturing was used.
• Color Doppler echocardiography confirmed substantial reduction in mitral regurgitation postoperatively in most dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Bandage-associated complications occurred in 68.4% of cats (104/152) following clean orthopaedic procedures, highlighting the high risk of postoperative coaptation complications in feline patients.
• Most complications were mild (64.4%), while 32.7% were moderate and 2.9% severe, indicating that although common, severe outcomes are relatively rare.
• Use of a splint significantly increased complication severity, with splinted cats 3.42× more likely to develop moderate or severe complications (p = 0.012).
• Complication incidence was not significantly influenced by bandage duration, limb involved, injury location, or professional role of the bandage applier.
• The most common complications were soiled/wet bandages (34.6%), skin irritation (31.7%), bandage slippage (30.8%), pressure sores (29.8%), chewing (20.2%), and toe swelling (19.2%).
• Distal pelvic limb injuries (tarsus and distal) showed the highest proportion of complications (81.5%), suggesting distal limb bandaging in cats carries greater risk.
• Bandages were most commonly applied after osteosynthesis procedures, but procedure type was not associated with complication occurrence (p = 0.720).
• Findings support cautious use of postoperative bandaging in cats, particularly splinted bandages, and emphasize vigilant monitoring and careful case selection.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study compared 606 dogs (English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, Pugs) undergoing partial staphylectomy via CO₂ laser, bipolar vessel sealing device (BVSD), or conventional incision.
• Mortality rate: 4.0% (24/606).
• BVSD was associated with significantly increased perioperative mortality compared to other methods (OR = 6.0, 95% CI: 1.3–28.4, p = .023).
• High-grade laryngeal collapse (stage II or III) independently increased mortality risk (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.8–11.8, p = .002).
• No difference in mortality between CO₂ laser and conventional incision techniques.
• CO₂ laser and conventional techniques had similar complication rates.

🔍 Key Findings

• Modified block recession calcaneoplasty restored full clinical function in all dogs (11 limbs in 9 dogs) at long-term follow-up.
• Objective gait function improved significantly, with symmetry index improving from 0.20 ± 0.13 preoperatively to 0.05 ± 0.03 at long-term follow-up (p = .03).
• No routine postoperative tarsal immobilization was used, yet stable tendon positioning and excellent outcomes were achieved in most cases.
• Overall complication rate was 45%, including 18% major complications requiring revision surgery and 27% minor complications.
• Only one reluxation occurred, secondary to fracture of an overly narrow medial calcaneal wall; successful revision prevented further recurrence.
• CT confirmed persistent deepening of the calcaneal groove and uneventful healing with variable osseous remodeling at long-term follow-up.
• Ultrasonography demonstrated normalization of tendon fiber architecture at long-term evaluation despite heterogeneous appearance in many tendons at 6 weeks.
• Most dogs were Shetland Sheepdogs (8/9), supporting breed predisposition, and all luxations were lateral.

🔍 Key Findings

• Rupture occurred in 7.0% of dogs undergoing surgical PDA ligation (20/285).
• Overall mortality was low (0.4%), with only one death occurring post-rupture.
• Residual flow occurred in 9.4% of dogs; significantly more common in dogs with rupture.
• Residual flow odds were not increased when ligation was successfully performed despite rupture.
• No significant associations between rupture and age, weight, suture size, or dissection technique.
• Jackson-Henderson and intrapericardial techniques were helpful in managing rupture or fibrosis.
• Major complications (non-rupture) were rare (1.4%), including pulmonary artery ligation and cardiac arrest.
• Surgeon preparedness (e.g., hemostatic tools, alternate techniques) was key to successful outcomes.

🔍 Key Findings

• Caudal superficial epigastric (CSE) flaps were most visible with NIRFA, scoring 4/4 VFP in 97% of evaluations.
• CSE flap margins were altered in 65% of observations after NIRFA, showing the strongest influence on surgical planning.
• Thoracodorsal (THO) and omocervical (OMO) flaps had lower visualization scores, with 60–81% of images scoring below 2.
• Surgeons were 17–25 times more likely to adjust margins for CSE flaps versus OMO or THO based on fluorescence imaging.
• Poor inter-rater agreement was found for OMO (ICC 0.49) and THO (ICC 0.35); CSE had near-perfect agreement, but ICC was low due to uniform high scoring.
• Visualization was affected by flap depth and panniculus, making deeper vessels (OMO, THO) harder to see.
• Surgeons often shortened flap length and reduced flap area when modifying based on NIRFA results.
• Real-time angiosome visualization via NIRFA-ICG may reduce necrosis risk and improve patient-specific APF design.

🔍 Key Findings

• Oversewing the transverse staple line using barbed suture showed no difference in initial (ILP) or maximum leakage pressure (MLP) compared to monofilament suture (p = .439 and .644).
• Barbed suture repairs were ~18% faster (25 seconds faster; p < .001) than monofilament suture.
• No difference was found between unidirectional and bidirectional barbed sutures in leakage resistance or repair time (p = .697).
• Mean ILP and MLP were significantly higher in control jejunal segments (6.6x and 5.1x greater respectively; p < .001).
• Leakage consistently occurred at the crotch of the FEESA in all oversew groups (>80%), not the staple line.
• All oversewn techniques leaked at supraphysiologic pressures, indicating clinical safety against in vivo leakage.
• No leakage was observed from barbed suture holes, addressing concerns of tissue trauma due to barb design.
• The study supports barbed suture as a viable alternative to conventional monofilament suture for FEESA oversew in dogs.