🔍 Key Findings

• Study population: 36 brachycephalic dogs (20 French bulldogs, 16 pugs).
• Objective: Compare intra- and interobserver reliability for fluoroscopic measurement of nasopharyngeal collapse using two methods:
  • Functional method
  • Anatomically adjusted method
• Key measurements: Minimum (LMin), maximum (LMax) dorsoventral height, and dynamic change ratio (ΔL).
• Outcomes:
  • Intraobserver agreement for ΔL was higher with the functional method (ICC 0.751 vs. 0.576).
  • Observer 1 (radiologist) showed excellent repeatability (>0.9 ICC).
  • Agreement for grading collapse was only moderate (κ ~0.49–0.53), worse than ΔL-based agreement.
  • ΔL ≥ 0.5 to <1 = partial collapse; ΔL = 1 = complete collapse.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• The lateral approach via scapular osteotomy allowed safe access to the T1-2 foramen in a French Bulldog with foraminal disc extrusion.
• A mini-hemilaminectomy was performed, preserving articular facets.
• The dog had no neurologic deficits postoperatively, returned to ambulation within 24 hours, and was discharged in 3 days.
• At 10 months, CT confirmed excellent scapular healing and no recurrence.
• Double 2.4-mm locking plates provided stable fixation across the scapular spine.
• The technique avoided thoracic entry or dorsal spine dissection, suggesting a less invasive alternative for select T1-2 foraminal cases.

🔍 Key Findings

Population: 2,178 canine CTs reviewed retrospectively.
Prevalence: Incidental PBBs found in 1.37% (30/2178).
Outcome: None of the dogs with incidental PBBs developed clinical spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) over a median follow-up of 1255 days.
Significant Associations:

• Age: Dogs with PBBs were significantly older (median 10.5 yrs vs. 8.2 yrs, p = .001).
• CT indication: PBBs more likely during neoplastic staging (p = .006).

PBB Characteristics:

• Total = 60 PBBs (median 1/dog; range 1–7).
• Location: 35% in left caudal, 31.6% right caudal, only 13.3% in right cranial lobe.
• Size-based: 25 bullae (>10 mm), 35 blebs (≤10 mm).

Conclusion: Prophylactic resection of incidental PBBs not justified given no observed SP risk in this population.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Lateral humeral condylar fractures = 69.8% of cases; medial = 16.2%; Y/T = 14.0%
• Falls/stairs were the inciting trauma in 45.6% of cases; significantly younger dogs were more likely to fracture after major trauma (p = 0.01)
• Complication rate = 22% (10 major, 20 minor); implant migration and seroma most common
• Fixation method had no significant impact on complication rates (p = 0.87)
• Epicondylar comminution was significantly associated with complications (p = 0.02, OR = 3.27)
• Contralateral intracondylar fissure found in 9.8%, none progressed to fracture during study
• Wide inter-center variation in complication rate (5–62%, p = 0.002)

🔍 Key Findings

• Objective: Evaluate feasibility and accuracy of 3D-printed patient-specific drill guides for iliosacral screw placement in cadaver dogs.
• N = 10 canine cadavers (20 hemipelves); screw placement done using fluoroscopic-assisted patient-specific guides (PSG).
• Median cortical breach grade: 0 (IQR 0–1) for all screws.
  19/20 screws breached sacral canal wall (all ≤ grade 2), but no screws breached canal contents (grade 3).
• Median trajectory deviation: 0.88° transverse, 0.72° dorsal.
• Procedure time: Median 7.2 minutes for guide placement and drilling.
• Conclusions: PSG-assisted screw placement was safe, accurate, and fast, offering clinical potential in pelvic trauma.

🔍 Key Findings

• External skeletal fixation (ESF) was successfully applied to a variety of pelvic fracture types in cats, including sacroiliac luxations and ilial body fractures.
• All fractures achieved radiographic union within 9 weeks, even in comminuted or complex configurations.
• No intraoperative or long-term complications were reported during the study period.
• Implant loosening was observed radiographically in 13% of cases, with 8% of pins found to be loose at frame removal.
• ESF enabled indirect fracture reduction using components as handles, with a limited open approach minimizing soft tissue disruption.
• No iatrogenic neurological deficits were observed, supporting safe pin placement near neurovascular structures, although some cats presented with pre-existing neurologic signs.
• No cases required revision surgery, and all cats underwent stabilization solely with ESF as per study inclusion criteria.
• Postoperative hospitalization ranged from 2 to 5 days, though no comparison to other fixation types was evaluated.

🔍 Key Findings

• 40 dogs with congenital EHPSS were surgically treated using intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline (TIAS) to assess full temporary occlusion.
• TIAS was successful in 38/40 dogs; the remaining 2 had additional shunting vessels not originally seen and required further identification/ligation.
• No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred.
• TIAS allowed real-time confirmation of attenuation success using ultrasound-visible microbubbles.
• Median postoperative bile acids were 5 μmol/L (preprandial) and 25 μmol/L (postprandial).
• Long-term outcomes: 29/39 dogs had excellent, 10/39 had good outcomes; 3 dogs died unrelated to EHPSS.
• Technique is presented as a safe, quick, low-cost, accessible intraoperative assessment alternative to IOMP or SP.

🔍 Key Findings

• Mitral valve plasty (MVP) in dogs with MMVD significantly reduced regurgitant volume and fraction, and normalized LA:Ao ratio, indicating reversal of volume overload.
• MVP altered mitral valve geometry, with reduced annular dimensions and increased coaptation length, enhancing valve competence.
• Postoperative LA:Ao ratio dropped from 2.2 to 1.2, consistent with improved left atrial pressure and size.
• Forward stroke volume index and cardiac index increased at 3 months, reflecting improved hemodynamic function despite reduced fractional shortening.
• Three dogs (3.9%) died postoperatively, highlighting a 96.1% survival rate within 3 months.
• The repair technique involved artificial chordal replacement and annuloplasty; no cleft closure or leaflet suturing was used.
• Color Doppler echocardiography confirmed substantial reduction in mitral regurgitation postoperatively in most dogs.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Study Design: Prospective case series of 52 scans from 44 dogs with CCL injury.
• Main Technique: 16-slice CTA; evaluated by 3 observers with varying experience; validated against surgical mini-medial arthrotomy findings.
• Diagnostic Metrics (Reading 2):
  • Sensitivity: 1.00 (Observers 1 & 2), 0.93 (Observer 3)
  • Specificity: 0.78–0.91
  • Positive Likelihood Ratio: Up to 10.71
  • Negative Likelihood Ratio: As low as 0.08
  • Accuracy: 90%+ for all in Reading 2
• Observer Effect: Significant improvement between first and second reading for less experienced observers (p < 0.05); learning curve evident.
• Meniscal lesions found:
  • 9/12 in suspected late meniscal injury cases
  • 19/40 in newly diagnosed CCL cases
  • Most common = bucket handle tears
• Conclusion: Multidetector CTA is a clinically useful, non-invasive tool for identifying medial meniscal lesions in dogs with CCL disease.

🔍 Key Findings

• TPLO alone failed to neutralize rotational instability under tibial pivot compression (TPT), despite a negative TCT.
• TPLO combined with lateral augmentation (TPLO-IB) restored both craniocaudal and rotational stability to near-intact levels.
• Cranial tibial translation was 6× greater after TPLO vs intact stifles when tested with TPT (p < .001).
• No significant difference in cranial tibial translation or internal rotation between intact stifles and TPLO-IB group during TCT, eTPT, or iTPT.
• TPLO-IB did not overconstrain the stifle, avoiding excessive external rotation.
• External tibial rotation (eTPT) was more sensitive than TCT in detecting persistent instability after TPLO.
• Excellent intraobserver reliability for both eTPT and iTPT (ICC > 0.9).
• Study supports intraoperative use of TPT to identify cases needing additional rotational stabilization.