Your Custom Quiz
In Grimes 2022 et al., on PDA rupture risks, what was the overall mortality rate following surgical PDA ligation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Rupture occurred in 7.0% of dogs undergoing surgical PDA ligation (20/285).
- Overall mortality was low (0.4%), with only one death occurring post-rupture.
- Residual flow occurred in 9.4% of dogs; significantly more common in dogs with rupture.
- Residual flow odds were not increased when ligation was successfully performed despite rupture.
- No significant associations between rupture and age, weight, suture size, or dissection technique.
- Jackson-Henderson and intrapericardial techniques were helpful in managing rupture or fibrosis.
- Major complications (non-rupture) were rare (1.4%), including pulmonary artery ligation and cardiac arrest.
- Surgeon preparedness (e.g., hemostatic tools, alternate techniques) was key to successful outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs: Incidence and risk factors for rupture
2022-4-VS-grimes-3
In McNamara 2022 et al., on transoral endoscopic arytenopexy, what was the primary clinical advantage of the TEA technique compared to traditional unilateral arytenoid lateralization (UAL)?
🔍 Key Findings
- TEA significantly increased the rima glottis area (RGA) from a mean of 0.52 cm³ to 0.78 cm³ (p < .0001)
- Mean RGA increased by 157%, equivalent to an 84% estimated decrease in airway resistance
- LEGS (laryngeal epiglottic-glottic seal) remained intact in all cadavers post-procedure, indicating maintained airway protection
- TEA was technically feasible in all 15 cadaveric dogs using a custom endoscopic gag port (EGP)
- TEA avoids cervical dissection, potentially reducing surgical trauma and risks compared to UAL (unilateral arytenoid lateralization)
- Compared to UAL, TEA showed slightly less RGA increase, but greater LEGS preservation, potentially reducing aspiration risk
- No cartilage was included in sutures; arytenopexy involved soft tissue fixation to pharyngeal wall across the piriform recess
- Cadaver model limitations include inability to assess functional outcomes like swallowing and respiratory motion impact
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Description and evaluation of a novel transoral endoscopic arytenopexy in canine cadavers
2022-7-VS-mcnamara-1
In Fidelis 2025 et al., on suture eyelet geometry, what was the **primary mode of failure** observed across all tests?
🔍 Key Findings
- Raised eyelets caused more suture mid-section failures than embedded eyelets, suggesting wear or cutting against the anchor.
- No significant effect of cyclic loading on failure load (Fmax) was found for any anchor group.
- Anika anchor showed the least reduction in suture strength relative to the reference (eyebolt screw), indicating a favorable design.
- All sutures failed via suture breakage, not anchor pullout, indicating suture fatigue was the primary failure mode.
- Sutures in raised eyelets more often failed at the mid-section, while those in embedded eyelets failed at the knot.
- IMEX and Jorvet anchors showed significantly reduced Fmax compared to eyebolt screws.
- Loading direction and anchor design likely affect wear and ultimate failure, particularly in dynamic in vivo conditions.
- Future designs should aim for embedded, smooth eyelets that can accommodate larger suture sizes without increasing wear.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Effect of suture anchor type, eyelet configuration, and loading condition on suture failure: An in vitro study
2025-6-VS-fidelis-5
In Gleason 2023 et al., on ala vestibuloplasty in cats, which clinical respiratory sign resolved in all cats following ala vestibuloplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ala vestibuloplasty significantly reduced normalized pulmonary transit time (nPTT) (mean 5.43 → 3.89 sec; p <.001), suggesting improved cardiopulmonary function.
- Clinical respiratory signs improved, including reduced snoring, sneezing, nasal discharge, and open-mouth breathing (all p <.01).
- Activity tolerance increased, with less dyspnea during activity and longer time to onset of dyspnea (p <.005).
- Paradoxical sternal motion resolved in all affected cats after surgery.
- Hiatal hernias resolved in 75% of affected cats on follow-up CT.
- No serious complications occurred, with only mild, self-limiting epistaxis and hypersalivation in a few cases.
- Aberrant turbinates were detected on CT in all cats, though only 1 showed obstructive CATs endoscopically.
- Total clinical severity scores improved significantly postoperatively (median reduction of 30 points; p <.001).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ala vestibuloplasty improves cardiopulmonary and activity‐related parameters in brachycephalic cats
2023-4-VS-gleason-2
In Gollnick 2024 et al., on TCTF risk with Arthrex STS in TPLO, which factor most contributed to serious tibial fracture following TCTF?
🔍 Key Findings
- 42% of dogs (33/78) treated with Arthrex 3.5 mm STS during TPLO developed radiographic TCTF
- TCTFs occurred exclusively distal to the osteotomy
- 14% of screws (36/250) distal to the osteotomy were associated with TCTFs
- 6% of dogs with TCTFs developed major complications (e.g., complete tibial fracture requiring surgical revision)
- Angulation of cortical STS screws, especially in the distal plate holes, was a key contributor to complications
- Locking screws were also involved, but cortical screws angled improperly were overrepresented in serious outcomes
- Revision recommendations included preemptive fixation for large TCTFs or angulated screw placements
- Use of non-self-tapping screws (NSTS) previously showed a <1% TCTF rate, supporting higher risk with STS
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Tibial fracture associated with use of Arthrex self‐tapping screws during tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs and development of transcortical tibial fracture
2024-6-VS-gollnick-3
In Scheuermann 2024 et al., on 3D-printed reduction systems, how did the complication rates compare between groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- The study was a historic case-control trial comparing custom 3D-printed VSP-guided MIPO (3D-MIPO) to conventional MIPO (c-MIPO) in dogs with diaphyseal tibial fractures.
- Surgical time was significantly shorter in the 3D-MIPO group (117 min vs. 151 min; p = .014), and fluoroscopy use was dramatically reduced (11 vs. 37 images; p < .001).
- All 3D-MIPO reductions were acceptable or near-anatomic; 2 c-MIPO dogs had unacceptable reductions.
- Tibial length, frontal, and sagittal alignment post-op were similar between groups; no significant difference in anatomic restoration (p > .1).
- Radiographic union occurred in all dogs by 3 months. Time to union was similar between groups (3D-MIPO: 67 days vs. c-MIPO: 53 days; p = .207).
- Postoperative complication rate was higher in 3D-MIPO (27% vs. 14%), including 2 major infections requiring implant removal.
- 3D-MIPO required more pre-op time (~23 hours longer from presentation to surgery; p = .002), partly due to guide printing/sterilization.
- Improved surgical efficiency and more consistent reductions were noted in the 3D-MIPO group, supporting its clinical utility despite increased pre-op logistics.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Virtual surgical planning and use of a 3D‐printed, patient‐specific reduction system for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of diaphyseal tibial fractures in dogs: A historic case control study
2024-6-VS-scheuermann2-5
In Fracka 2024 et al., on perioperative risk factors, which surgical technique was associated with a significantly higher odds of complicated recovery?
🔍 Key Findings
- Staphylectomy was linked to higher risk of complicated recovery than folded flap palatoplasty (OR = 59.29, p = .0002).
- Laryngeal collapse > Grade 2 was strongly associated with poor recovery (OR = 97.13, p < .0001).
- Longer general anesthesia duration increased the risk of complications (OR = 1.01 per min, p = .0051).
- Increasing age significantly raised the odds of perioperative complication (OR = 1.04 per month, p = .0113).
- History of aspiration pneumonia was only found in dogs with complications, though not in final model due to instability.
- Complicated recovery included >12 h O₂ therapy, tracheostomy, or death.
- FFP may reduce pharyngeal-laryngeal edema, possibly improving immediate outcomes.
- Bulldogs comprised 80% of population, with French Bulldogs most common (63%).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Risk factors for complicated perioperative recovery in dogs undergoing staphylectomy or folded flap palatoplasty: Seventy-six cases (2018–2022)
2024-4-VS-fracka-1
In Beamon 2022 et al., on calcanean tunnel orientation, what was concluded regarding all tested drilling techniques?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in peak load, failure load, stiffness, or 3 mm gap formation among bone tunnel types.
- Transverse tunnel (TT) constructs had 25% higher yield load than modified tunnels (MT) (P = .027).
- Most common failure mode was suture pull-through (67%), with no significant difference between groups.
- Gap formation ≥3 mm occurred in ~90% of constructs; no significant difference in force needed for gap among groups.
- All bone tunnel techniques (TT, VT, MT) are viable options for CCT reattachment in dogs.
- The 3-loop pulley (3LP) pattern provided strong, uniform repair, with higher loads to failure than previously reported.
- TT constructs showed more tendon distortion at the repair interface during loading.
- Inclusion of accessory tendon may have improved repair strength compared to prior studies using GT alone.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Effect of calcanean bone‐tunnel orientation for teno‐osseous repair in a canine common calcanean tendon avulsion model
2022-4-VS-beamon-5
In Husi 2023 et al., on TPLO vs TPLO-IB biomechanics, what was concluded about the intraoperative utility of the tibial pivot compression test (TPT)?
🔍 Key Findings
- TPLO alone failed to neutralize rotational instability under tibial pivot compression (TPT), despite a negative TCT.
- TPLO combined with lateral augmentation (TPLO-IB) restored both craniocaudal and rotational stability to near-intact levels.
- Cranial tibial translation was 6× greater after TPLO vs intact stifles when tested with TPT (p < .001).
- No significant difference in cranial tibial translation or internal rotation between intact stifles and TPLO-IB group during TCT, eTPT, or iTPT.
- TPLO-IB did not overconstrain the stifle, avoiding excessive external rotation.
- External tibial rotation (eTPT) was more sensitive than TCT in detecting persistent instability after TPLO.
- Excellent intraobserver reliability for both eTPT and iTPT (ICC > 0.9).
- Study supports intraoperative use of TPT to identify cases needing additional rotational stabilization.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Comparative kinetic and kinematic evaluation of TPLO and TPLO combined with extra-articular lateral augmentation: A biomechanical study
2023-5-VS-husi-4
In Mullen 2023 et al., on microvascular perfusion, why was the green TA (4.8 mm) cartridge selected for stapled enterectomies?
🔍 Key Findings
- Microvascular density at the site of foreign body obstruction was significantly lower in obstructed dogs compared to healthy controls.
- PBR (perfused boundary region) was paradoxically lower in obstructed dogs, indicating that PBR may not reliably correlate with tissue viability in this context.
- No significant difference in microvascular perfusion between subjectively viable vs nonviable intestines, suggesting subjective assessment is unreliable.
- No difference in perfusion parameters between handsewn and stapled enterectomies, indicating both techniques preserve vascular health equally.
- Stapled enterectomy using green TA staples is safe and did not impair intestinal perfusion at the anastomosis site.
- SDF videomicroscopy is feasible intraoperatively and can differentiate healthy from diseased intestine in dogs.
- Surgeons' subjective evaluations led to potentially unnecessary enterectomies, as microvascular parameters did not differ.
- No cases of dehiscence or mortality, suggesting both surgical approaches are effective when applied properly.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
A quantitative evaluation of the effect of foreign body obstruction and enterectomy technique on canine small intestinal microvascular health
2023-4-VS-mullen-5
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings