Your Custom Quiz
In Weaver 2026 et al., on Endo GIA stapler outcomes, what proportion of lung lobectomies had no intraoperative complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Endo GIA staplers were successfully used in 46 lung lobectomies across 37 cases, including 33 dogs and 4 cats, representing the first in vivo clinical report of this stapler for open thoracic lung lobectomy.
- Most procedures had no intraoperative complications (82.6%), while minor complications occurred in 17.4%, primarily mild hemorrhage or air leakage.
- No major intraoperative complications were reported, and postoperative catastrophic events occurred in 4/37 cases (10.8%), likely related to underlying comorbidities rather than stapler failure.
- Short-term outcomes were excellent, with 97% of cases completing 14-day follow-up without complications aside from one seroma.
- Common indications for lung lobectomy included pulmonary masses, pulmonary bullae, abscess/granuloma, lung lobe torsion, trauma, and spontaneous pneumothorax.
- Endo GIA staplers provide simultaneous stapling and cutting, with articulation and 360° axial rotation, improving maneuverability in confined thoracic cavities.
- Tri-Staple technology deploys three staggered staple rows, which may improve sealing, reduce air leakage, and maintain tissue perfusion at the staple line.
- Overall complication rates were low, supporting the Endo GIA stapler as a safe alternative to traditional TA staplers for open lung lobectomy procedures.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2026
Use of the Endo GIA™ stapler for lung lobectomy in dogs and cats undergoing open thoracic procedures (intercostal, transdiaphragmatic thoracotomy or median sternotomy): A retrospective study of 46 lung lobectomies
2026-2-vs-weaver-1
In Azuma 2024 et al., on 3D vs 2D laparoscopy, what was the incidence of intraoperative complications in both 2D and 3D groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D laparoscopy significantly reduced time to first endoclip placement compared to 2D (median 76 vs. 238 seconds, p = .016).
- Total surgical time was not significantly different between 3D and 2D groups.
- No differences were observed in intraoperative complications such as cystic duct injury, clip dislodgment, or gallbladder perforation.
- Cystic duct stump length was comparable between groups (median 2.5 mm).
- Liver parenchyma attachment severity did not differ significantly between 2D and 3D groups.
- All procedures were performed by an experienced surgeon, potentially reducing the benefit seen with 3D visualization.
- No conversions to open surgery occurred, and no intraoperative complications were reported.
- The study suggests 3D laparoscopy may aid less experienced surgeons due to enhanced depth perception.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Three-dimensional versus two-dimensional laparoscopy for cholecystectomy in a canine cadaveric study
2024-4-VS-azuma-3
In Whitney 2022 et al., on CBLO fixation strength, which construct showed the highest **ultimate load capacity** during ex vivo testing?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO fixation with both a headless compression screw (HCS) and tension band (TB) showed the highest yield and ultimate loads compared to other configurations
- HCSTB constructs had significantly higher yield load (1212 N) and ultimate load (1388 N) than Plate alone (788 N, 774 N), HCS alone (907 N, 927 N), or TB alone (1016 N, 1076 N)
- No difference in construct stiffness was detected among the four fixation methods tested
- All constructs ultimately failed by bone fracture—location of failure differed by construct type (e.g., through HCS hole or cranial screw hole)
- TB and HCSTB groups showed failure via progressive TB stretching and cranial osteotomy widening, while Plate and HCS failed more abruptly
- All constructs withstood forces exceeding expected quadriceps load in vivo (170–325 N), suggesting all methods can resist physiological loading, but HCSTB provides greater safety margin
- HCS alone was not significantly stronger than Plate or TB alone, questioning its standalone superiority
- Study supports using TB and HCS together for optimal construct strength, but clinical studies are needed to validate implant fatigue, healing, and failure rates
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Ex vivo biomechanical comparison of four Center of Rotation Angulation Based Leveling Osteotomy fixation methods
2022-1-VS-whitney-1
In Moreira 2024 et al., on predictive equations for TPA correction, which CCWO technique produced the **greatest** tibial shortening at high wedge angles?
🔍 Key Findings
- A linear relationship was observed between wedge angle and tibial plateau angle (TPA) correction across all four CCWO techniques.
- All techniques produced predictable TPA corrections using linear regression-derived equations, allowing wedge angle extrapolation to achieve a target postoperative TPA of 5°.
- TLA shift (tibial long axis) increased with wedge angle and influenced final TPA; greatest in Frederick & Cross method.
- Tibial shortening (mTL%) varied by technique, being most severe (up to 40.9%) in traditional Slocum & Devine CCWO and least in newer techniques (7.5–12%).
- The Oxley mCCWO technique showed lower TLA shift compared to the Frederick & Cross and Christ techniques, though similar to Slocum & Devine; tibial shortening was more pronounced than other modified techniques at wedge angles ≤40°.
- Techniques varied in craniocaudal translation and wedge apex positioning, influencing planning accuracy and mechanical axis alignment.
- The corrective wedge angle equations reliably predicted TPA within 4–6° across varied tibial conformations.
- The study supports equation-based planning over static TPA–5° subtraction to reduce risk of under- or over-correction.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Predicting tibial plateau angles following four different types of cranial closing wedge ostectomy
2024-8-VS-moreira-2
In McCarthy 2022 et al., on 3D drill guide accuracy, how did CT and 3D analysis compare in assessing drill angles?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed drill guides (3D-GDT) significantly reduced craniocaudal and dorsoventral drilling angle deviation compared to free-hand drilling technique (FHDT), with statistical significance (p < .0001 and p = .01 respectively).
- No sacral corridor breaches occurred with 3D-GDT, whereas FHDT resulted in 20% drill exit incidences (3/15 cases).
- 3D-GDT had lower deviation from optimal drill trajectory at end points in all axes: craniocaudal (1.84 ± 1.6 mm vs. 4.18 ± 2.4 mm), dorsoventral (1.11 ± 1.0 mm vs. 2.4 ± 1.5 mm), and 3D linear (2.47 ± 1.4 mm vs. 5.35 ± 2.2 mm), all statistically significant.
- Strong correlation (r = 0.77) between CT and 3D software measurements validated method reliability.
- 3D guide trajectories showed consistent proximity to the optimal trajectory, especially at drill endpoints, indicating reduced variability in execution.
- 3D-GDT was developed using open-source software and inexpensive materials, supporting future clinical application.
- Major errors in FHDT occurred primarily at the drill endpoint, underscoring the challenge of maintaining optimal angulation during free-hand drilling.
- The sacral corridor was recharacterized as pyramidal (not quadrilateral), with implications for safer implant placement.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Accuracy of a drilling with a custom 3D printed guide or free‐hand technique in canine experimental sacroiliac luxations
2022-1-VS-mccarthy-4
In Trefny 2025 et al., on plate length and stiffness, what was the measured effect of plate length on plate strain?
🔍 Key Findings
- 12-hole LCPs (80% plate–bone ratio) showed significantly higher construct stiffness than 6-, 8-, or 10-hole plates in both compression and tension bending.
- Strain on the plate was significantly lower in 12-hole vs 6-hole plates at all regions of interest (ROIs), especially around the fracture gap.
- No incremental increases in stiffness or decreases in strain were observed between 6-, 8-, and 10-hole plates—only when comparing to 12-hole plates.
- Bone model strain adjacent to the plate end was significantly lower for 10- and 12-hole plates vs 6-hole plates under both loading conditions.
- The threshold effect suggests biomechanical benefits only emerge beyond a plate–bone ratio of ~80%.
- Working length increased from 9.4 mm (6-hole) to 13 mm (others), potentially influencing strain/stiffness differences.
- Four-point bending was used, as it replicates the most biomechanically relevant force on plated long bones.
- Clinical implication: Longer plates may reduce plate strain and peri-implant bone strain, potentially lowering risk of fatigue failure or stress risers.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2025
Effect of Plate Length on Construct Stiffness and Strain in a Synthetic Short-Fragment Fracture Gap Model Stabilized with a 3.5-mm Locking Compression Plate
2025-2-VCOT-trefny-2
In Chik 2025 et al., on abdominal wall prestretching, what percentage of the working space improvement achieved at 10 mmHg was retained after returning to 6 mmHg?
🔍 Key Findings
- Prestretching (PS) at 10 mmHg for 3 minutes significantly increased working space at 6 mmHg IAP — IWL +4.4%, IWS +6.9%.
- PS provided ≈63% of the IWL and ≈66% of the IWS gains achieved with sustained 10 mmHg IAP.
- All laparoscopic procedures were completed at 6 mmHg after PS; no conversions or pressure increases were needed.
- Working space benefits persisted throughout surgery — end-of-procedure measurements were unchanged from post-PS baseline.
- Transverse expansion (RLAT/LLAT) was greater than sagittal (CRA/CAU), consistent with adult abdominal wall compliance.
- No adverse anesthetic events occurred; mild complications (e.g., gas leakage) were easily managed.
- Large breed dogs were overrepresented, but all dogs served as their own controls, normalizing size effects.
- Prestretching is a simple, effective technique to maximize working space without increasing insufflation pressure.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Prestretching increases working space at the same insufflation pressure in dogs undergoing laparoscopic procedures
2025-5-VS-chik-2
In Dickerson 2023 et al., on surgical outcomes in hepatic abscessation, which surgical intervention was most commonly performed?
🔍 Key Findings
- Liver lobectomy was the most common treatment (27/36 dogs), with multiple lobes removed in ~1/3 of cases.
- Septic peritonitis was present in 21/23 sampled dogs, making it a frequent complication.
- Perioperative complications occurred in 21/36 dogs, including aspiration pneumonia, pancreatitis, and acute kidney injury.
- Intraoperative hypotension was common (32/36), often requiring vasopressors or colloids.
- Mortality prior to discharge was 21% (8/38), with deaths related to sepsis, aspiration pneumonia, and multi-organ dysfunction.
- Median survival time was 638 days in dogs surviving to discharge.
- No recurrence of hepatic abscessation was observed in the surviving population.
- E. coli and Clostridium spp. were the most commonly cultured organisms, often as single-agent infections.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Outcome in 38 dogs surgically treated for hepatic abscessation
2023-1-VS-dickerson-1
In Petchell 2025 et al., on CORA-based CCWO, which of the following methods showed the least variability in postoperative outcomes across all breeds?
🔍 Key Findings
- The CORA-based cranial closing wedge ostectomy (CCWOCORA) consistently achieved the target postoperative TPA of 5° across all tibial morphologies.
- CCWOCORA produced significantly less variability in postoperative TPA compared to other methods (TPA range: 5.00–5.00°; p < .001).
- Mechanical axis advancement (MAA) was precisely controlled at 3° in CCWOCORA, leading to greater surgical predictability.
- Other techniques (e.g., CCWOTPA, CCWOTPA–5, CCWOISO) showed greater variance in TPA, MAA, and tibial length.
- In small-breed dogs, increasing the MAA from 3° to 5° did not affect TPA outcomes, but increased proximal bone stock, improving feasibility.
- Wedge angles and tibial length changes varied by method, but CCWOCORA maintained length better than TPA-based methods.
- The technique allows preoperative planning of both desired MAA and TPA, enhancing predictability and customization.
- CORA methodology enables precise geometric correction and alignment of mechanical axes, reducing reliance on trial-and-error alignment.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
An in silico comparison of a novel CORA-based cranial closing wedge ostectomy methodology with three other techniques
2025-7-VS-petchell-4
In Danielski 2024 et al., on PUO effect on HIF, what was one proposed biomechanical outcome of PUO regarding the anconeal process?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Sample: 51 elbows from 35 spaniel dogs
- Healing Rate: Subjective healing (complete or partial) in 80.3% of elbows; complete in 54.9%
- Objective HU analysis: Mean HU increased from 640 (pre-op) to 835 (follow-up) (p = .001)
- Age Effect: Dogs <14 months showed the greatest HU increase (+384 HU) and had wider fissures with less sclerosis
- Complications:
- Major: 5 dogs (6 limbs); 4 related to fissure healing (7.8%), 2 related to PUO healing (3.9%)
- Minor: 3 cases (5.8%) due to IM pin migration
- Sclerosis: Older dogs had more humeral condyle sclerosis, possibly limiting healing
- PUO Effectiveness: Confirmed cranio-proximal displacement of anconeal process; aimed to relieve humero-anconeal incongruity
- Control Comparison: Avoids complications associated with transcondylar screw (infection, breakage)
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Influence of oblique proximal ulnar osteotomy on humeral intracondylar fissures in 35 spaniel breed dogs
2024-2-VS-danielski-5
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Key Findings