Your Custom Quiz
In Dobberstein 2024 et al., on liver biopsy forceps, what was the mean number of hepatic lobules retrieved with 5 mm forceps?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subjects: 12 healthy colony cats, 68 total liver samples collected via laparoscopy
- Biopsy instruments: 3 mm vs 5 mm Storz Blakesley cup forceps
- Techniques: Twist (T), Pull (P), Twist + Pull (TP)
- Results:
- 5 mm forceps yielded significantly more hepatic lobules (mean 12.4 vs 4.9), portal triads (29.6 vs 19.0), weight, and histologic area (p < .01)
- T and P techniques yielded more portal triads and lobules than TP (p = .003 and p = .015)
- TP technique resulted in greater tissue crush vs T (p = .01)
- Good diagnostic agreement between 3 mm and 5 mm samples only with TP (κ = 0.75)
- All samples were of sufficient diagnostic quality, despite size or technique
- Clinical implication: Both 3 mm and 5 mm forceps are viable; further studies are needed to confirm diagnostic accuracy of 3 mm samples
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Comparison of the diagnostic yield of 3 and 5 mm laparoscopic liver biopsy forceps in cats
2024-2-VS-dobberstein-4
In Monnet 2023 et al., on barbed vs conventional suture in vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA), which of the following best describes the leakage sites observed?
🔍 Key Findings
- Leakage pressure was not significantly different between unidirectional barbed suture (UBS) and conventional (C) suture groups (p = .236).
- UBS group had a 28% lower median leakage pressure than the C group (8.6 mmHg vs. 11.7 mmHg), suggesting higher biological risk of leakage.
- UBS significantly reduced suturing time (median 12.7 vs. 17.3 minutes; p < .0002).
- Fewer suture bites were needed in the UBS group (median 14 vs. 19; p = .012).
- No suture breakage or urethral narrowing occurred in either group.
- Leakage site distribution (ventral vs lateral) was similar between groups; no dorsal leaks noted.
- Leakage occurred as low as 5 mmHg in UBS group, indicating potential for postoperative extravasation.
- UBS may aid intracorporeal suturing in minimally invasive prostatectomy, but catheterization remains necessary postoperatively.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Influence of conventional versus unidirectional barbed suture on leakage pressures in canine vesicourethral anastomosis: An ex-vivo study
2023-5-VS-monnet-3
In Cherzan 2023 et al., on subcutaneous mast cell tumors, what proportion of dogs with lymph node metastases developed tumor recurrence?
🔍 Key Findings
- Local recurrence occurred in 17.8% of dogs, and was associated with significantly decreased survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .0038).
- Lymph node metastasis occurred in 26.7% of dogs and was significantly associated with shorter disease-free interval (194 vs not reached, p = .0012) and lower survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .043).
- Mitotic index >7 was significantly associated with higher recurrence (80% vs 22.5%, p = .02), shorter DFI (139 vs not reached days, p < .001), and shorter survival (247 vs 1722 days, p = .05).
- Infiltrative growth pattern was associated with shorter DFI (268 vs 1864 days, p = .011), but not with survival or recurrence.
- Incomplete margins (≤1 mm) were not significantly associated with recurrence (p = .085), but did correlate with shorter DFI (p = .043).
- Chemotherapy or radiation therapy was associated with shorter DFI and survival, likely due to selection bias for more aggressive disease.
- Tumor size >3 cm was associated with decreased survival (p = .031), but not with recurrence or DFI.
- Multinucleation and necrosis were not associated with prognosis outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Factors affecting prognosis in canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors: 45 cases
2023-4-VS-cherzan-5
In Sherman 2023 et al., on minimally invasive ESF, what was the effect of intraoperative imaging on alignment?
🔍 Key Findings
- 55 cases (49 dogs, 6 cats) with nonarticular tibial fractures were treated using linear ESF with a minimally invasive approach
- All fractures achieved radiographic union; no unacceptable outcomes were reported
- 40% complication rate, mostly minor (82%), primarily pin-tract morbidity; major complications (7%) included osteomyelitis and refracture
- Open fractures had significantly more major complications than closed ones (P = .019)
- Use of intraoperative imaging (72% cases) reduced surgery time but did not improve alignment (P > .05)
- Median surgery time: 74 min with imaging vs. 100 min without (P = .046)
- TPA was lower than normal in both dogs and cats, but did not correlate with poor outcomes
- 62% had full clinical recovery, and 38% had acceptable outcomes at fixator removal
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Linear external skeletal fixation applied in minimally invasive fashion for stabilization of nonarticular tibial fractures in dogs and cats
2023-2-VS-sherman-2
In Fidelis 2025 et al., on suture eyelet geometry, what was the **most common failure location** for sutures in anchors with embedded eyelets?
🔍 Key Findings
- Raised eyelets caused more suture mid-section failures than embedded eyelets, suggesting wear or cutting against the anchor.
- No significant effect of cyclic loading on failure load (Fmax) was found for any anchor group.
- Anika anchor showed the least reduction in suture strength relative to the reference (eyebolt screw), indicating a favorable design.
- All sutures failed via suture breakage, not anchor pullout, indicating suture fatigue was the primary failure mode.
- Sutures in raised eyelets more often failed at the mid-section, while those in embedded eyelets failed at the knot.
- IMEX and Jorvet anchors showed significantly reduced Fmax compared to eyebolt screws.
- Loading direction and anchor design likely affect wear and ultimate failure, particularly in dynamic in vivo conditions.
- Future designs should aim for embedded, smooth eyelets that can accommodate larger suture sizes without increasing wear.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Effect of suture anchor type, eyelet configuration, and loading condition on suture failure: An in vitro study
2025-6-VS-fidelis-2
In Trommelmans 2026 et al., on DPO DARA change, how did the achieved acetabular ventroversion compare with the predetermined plate angle?
🔍 Key Findings
- Double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) significantly decreases dorsal acetabular rim angle (DARA), confirming improved acetabular ventroversion and femoral head coverage in dysplastic hips.
- The achieved acetabular ventroversion is consistently less than the plate’s predetermined angle, indicating predictable loss of rotation during DPO.
- Median reduction in DARA was 23.4°, 16.7°, and 15° with 30°, 25°, and 20° plates respectively, demonstrating that larger plates produce greater rotation but still less than intended.
- Actual ventroversion achieved was ~5–8° less than the plate angle, with median losses of 6.6°, 8.3°, and 5° for 30°, 25°, and 20° plates.
- Postoperative DARA decreased from ~16–18° preoperatively to approximately −4°, aligning with recommended postoperative acetabular slope targets.
- Postoperative DARA remained stable on short-term (~48 days) and long-term (~386 days) CT follow-up, suggesting minimal remodeling after DPO.
- Most acetabular rotation (~88%) occurs at the pelvic symphysis rather than through iliac torsion, explaining partial loss of rotation relative to plate angle.
- CT-measured DARA provides a reliable surgical planning metric and may improve implant angle selection for DPO procedures.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
1
2026
Effect of Double Pelvic Osteotomy on Dorsal Acetabular Rim Angle Using Computed Tomography in 27 Dogs
2026-1-vcot-trommelmans-2
In Cinti 2026 et al., on feline caudal axial flaps, what was the most common indication for performing the lateral caudal axial pattern flap in cats?
🔍 Key Findings
- The lateral caudal axial pattern flap was successfully used to reconstruct caudodorsal trunk defects in cats, most commonly following tumor excision (85.7%).
- Mean flap length was 61.3% of tail length, aligning with canine recommendations of ~60–78% to reduce distal necrosis risk.
- Postoperative complications occurred in 50% of cats, although many experienced more than one minor complication.
- Most common complications were partial flap dehiscence, seroma, and edema (each 14.2%).
- Uncomplicated healing occurred in 57.1% of cats, while the remaining 42.8% had only minor complications not requiring surgical revision.
- No cats required revision surgery for complications, indicating acceptable clinical outcomes despite the moderate complication rate.
- Seromas resolved spontaneously despite the routine use of active drains, suggesting they may be a relatively common but minor complication.
- Local tumor control was achieved in 83.3% of cats undergoing tumor excision, with a median follow-up of 135 days.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2026
Outcome and complications of lateral caudal axial pattern flap in 14 cats
2026-2-vs-cinti-1
In Trefny 2025 et al., on locking plate biomechanics, how was strain distribution measured in the plates?
🔍 Key Findings
- Short working length constructs had significantly higher stiffness and lower strain than long constructs in compression bending (p = 0.0172).
- In tension bending, short constructs also had higher precontact stiffness and lower strain, but this reversed after transcortical contact (~150 N).
- Transcortical contact increased stiffness only in long constructs, producing a bilinear load-displacement curve.
- Postcontact stiffness was higher in long constructs, but this may not reflect clinical benefit due to risks of high interfragmentary strain.
- Short working length reduced strain at multiple ROIs under both loading conditions, including over fracture gap (Tables 1–3).
- Increased working length promoted stress concentration and deformation, especially in compression bending.
- In vitro benefits of long constructs (via contact stability) may not translate to healing, as repetitive loading could increase plate strain and bone resorption.
- Plate strain was effectively mapped using 3D digital image correlation, confirming regional strain differences between configurations.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
3
2025
Effect of Plate Screw Configuration on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in a Synthetic Short Fragment Small Gap Fracture Model Stabilized with a 12-Hole 3.5-mm Locking Compression Plate
2025-3-VCOT-trefny-5
In McNamara 2022 et al., on transoral endoscopic arytenopexy, which of the following best describes the tissue fixation performed during TEA?
🔍 Key Findings
- TEA significantly increased the rima glottis area (RGA) from a mean of 0.52 cm³ to 0.78 cm³ (p < .0001)
- Mean RGA increased by 157%, equivalent to an 84% estimated decrease in airway resistance
- LEGS (laryngeal epiglottic-glottic seal) remained intact in all cadavers post-procedure, indicating maintained airway protection
- TEA was technically feasible in all 15 cadaveric dogs using a custom endoscopic gag port (EGP)
- TEA avoids cervical dissection, potentially reducing surgical trauma and risks compared to UAL (unilateral arytenoid lateralization)
- Compared to UAL, TEA showed slightly less RGA increase, but greater LEGS preservation, potentially reducing aspiration risk
- No cartilage was included in sutures; arytenopexy involved soft tissue fixation to pharyngeal wall across the piriform recess
- Cadaver model limitations include inability to assess functional outcomes like swallowing and respiratory motion impact
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Description and evaluation of a novel transoral endoscopic arytenopexy in canine cadavers
2022-7-VS-mcnamara-3
In Longo 2022 et al., on CT-guided osteotomies, what was associated with a significantly increased risk of postoperative complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D CT volume rendering and CAL measurement successfully guided correction of femoral and tibial torsion in dogs with patellar luxation (PL).
- Physiological patellar tracking was restored in 100% (22/22) of cases after detorsional osteotomy.
- 94% of dogs (17/18) had either full or acceptable functional outcomes post-surgery.
- CAL-based correction was accurate in 19/22 cases, confirming reliability of the measurement technique.
- Complication rate was 45%, with major complications in 2/22 cases—both involved combined femoral and tibial osteotomies.
- Combined femoral and tibial osteotomies in the same limb were linked to a higher risk of complications and poorer outcomes.
- Diaphyseal osteotomies offered more implant space, but metaphyseal locations were associated with faster bone healing.
- Use of a TPLO jig or goniometer was not essential—CAL-based bone marking was sufficient in most cases.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Three‐dimensional volume rendering planning, surgical treatment, and clinical outcomes for femoral and tibial detorsional osteotomies in dogs
2022-7-VS-longo-3
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings