🔍 Key Findings

• No significant difference in initial leak pressure (ILP) among TA 30 V3 2.5 mm, TA 60 3.5 mm, and TA 60 4.8 mm stapler sizes (P = .78).
• All stapler types exceeded the physiological intraluminal pressure threshold (~25 mmHg), suggesting acceptable leak resistance.
• Mean ILPs: TA 30 V3 (181.5 mmHg), TA 60 3.5 mm (112 mmHg), TA 60 4.8 mm (77.2 mmHg).
• Leakage occurred at the staple line in 23 of 24 specimens; only one had ileal wall rupture.
• No correlation found between ILP and cadaver weight, cecal wall thickness, or cecal length.
• Cecal wall thickness averaged 4.9 mm, yet staple heights ranged only from 1.0–2.0 mm.
• One specimen in each TA 60 group leaked near or below physiologic pressures, suggesting rare outliers.
• Study supports clinical viability of all tested stapler sizes for canine typhlectomy, but highlights need for in vivo data on healing and complications.

🔍 Key Findings

• Ectopic ureters in cats are rare, but most are extramural and bilateral.
• Surgical techniques used included ureteroneocystostomy (UNC), neoureterostomy (NU), nephroureterectomy, and cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA).
• All cats showed improvement in urinary continence postoperatively, with 11/12 achieving complete resolution.
• Major complications were rare; one cat developed uroabdomen requiring revision surgery.
• Diagnostic imaging was effective, with abdominal ultrasound diagnosing 8/10 and CT 3/3 cases.
• Short- and long-term complications included urethral spasms, UTIs, stranguria, and rectal prolapse; all were manageable.
• CLA was successful in 2 cats and is noted as a first-time described technique in feline ectopic ureter cases.
• Median postoperative follow-up was 340 days, supporting good long-term outcomes.

🔍 Key Findings

• 65% of stifles with patella luxation and intact CCLs had increased radiographic soft tissue opacity
• Weight and radiographic OA were significantly associated with increased opacity (p = .0029 and p = .0143)
• Each 1 kg increase in weight increased the odds of opacity by 10%
• Grade of patella luxation, age, and muscle atrophy were not significantly associated with increased opacity
• 19% of dogs with long-term follow-up developed a CCL rupture post-patella surgery, 50% of those had opacity at initial presentation
• Radiographic opacity alone should not be interpreted as CCL disease in dogs with patella luxation
• Radiographic findings likely represent effusion or synovial hyperplasia, not CCL pathology
• Arthrotomy was used to confirm CCL integrity at surgery, but arthroscopy could provide better sensitivity

🔍 Key Findings

• Hip-flexed and hip-extended radiographs produced significantly different femoral stem template sizes, confirming the techniques are not interchangeable (p < .0001).
• Hip-extended templating underestimated implanted stem size (mean difference −0.54), whereas hip-flexed templating overestimated implanted size (mean difference +0.30).
• Neither radiographic method consistently predicted the actual implanted femoral stem, emphasizing the importance of intraoperative assessment.
• Flexed projections generated larger template sizes (median stem size 9) than extended projections (median stem size 8).
• Canal flare index (CFI) was significantly higher on flexed views (1.89 vs 1.61; p < .0001), reducing apparent "stovepipe" morphology.
• 88% of extended projections were classified as stovepipe femora versus 44% of flexed projections (p = .0027), suggesting substantial projection-related morphologic distortion.
• Femoral length appeared significantly longer on flexed radiographs (204.8 mm vs 189.3 mm; p < .001), supporting the presence of foreshortening on extended views.
• Hip-flexed radiographs may be a practical alternative when hip extension is not possible, especially in severe OA, but implant selection should remain guided by intraoperative findings.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study population: 36 brachycephalic dogs (20 French bulldogs, 16 pugs).
• Objective: Compare intra- and interobserver reliability for fluoroscopic measurement of nasopharyngeal collapse using two methods:
  • Functional method
  • Anatomically adjusted method
• Key measurements: Minimum (LMin), maximum (LMax) dorsoventral height, and dynamic change ratio (ΔL).
• Outcomes:
  • Intraobserver agreement for ΔL was higher with the functional method (ICC 0.751 vs. 0.576).
  • Observer 1 (radiologist) showed excellent repeatability (>0.9 ICC).
  • Agreement for grading collapse was only moderate (κ ~0.49–0.53), worse than ΔL-based agreement.
  • ΔL ≥ 0.5 to <1 = partial collapse; ΔL = 1 = complete collapse.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 62 fractures in 61 dogs (44 lateral condylar, 18 intracondylar); mostly Spaniels
• LEAP plate used in all cases; minimal intraoperative contouring needed (1 French Bulldog)
• Overall complication rate: ~33%, mostly minor; 1 amputation due to catastrophic infection
• Radiographic healing:
  • Lateral epicondylar part healed in 100%
  • Condylar part healed in ~61.5% LCF and ~57.1% ICF
• Functional outcomes:
  • 87% returned to full limb use
  • Median LOAD score: 2 for LCF, 6.5 for ICF
• Design adjustments made post-study to strengthen weak zones around 3rd–4th screw holes

🔍 Key Findings

• Fascial planes in dogs were consistently classifiable into four surgical types:
• Type I (discrete sheets), Type II (tightly adhered to thin muscle), Type III (tightly adhered to thick muscle), and Type IV (periosteum-associated).
• Two junction types were identified: Type A (easily elevated) and Type B (higher risk of disruption).
• Disruption-prone areas include the scapular spine (type IV fascia) and lateral thorax near the 13th rib, where rib resection may be needed to preserve margins.
• The latissimus dorsi transition zones and fascial areas near the thoracic inlet and scapulohumeral joint were prone to fascial thinning or disruption.
• Partial muscle resections or periosteal elevations may be required in areas with fragile fascia to maintain oncologic margins.
• Dorsal spinous processes (T6–L6) showed type IV fascia; however, osteotomy may be needed in some dogs for clear margins.
• Blended fascial transitions (e.g., rectus abdominis: type II cranially, type I caudally) necessitate intraoperative judgment on resection depth.
• Cutaneous trunci may suffice as a deep margin for small, low-grade tumors in well-muscled dogs, but not reliably for high-grade or larger masses.

🔍 Key Findings

50 dogs underwent bilateral anal sacculectomy using a modified closed technique.
Intraoperative anal sac perforation occurred in 5 dogs (10%), with no postoperative complications in those dogs.
Postoperative complications (43 dogs with follow-up):

• Grade 1 (e.g., scooting, inappropriate defecation): 14/43 (32%)
• Grade 2 (medical treatment needed): 2/43 (5%)
• Grade 3B (revision surgery): 2/43 (5%)

93% of grade 1 and 100% of grade 2–3B complications resolved by two weeks postop.
Technique highlights: direct duct tracking, no anal sac packing, minimal dissection.

🔍 Key Findings

Sample: 21 cats (10 control, 11 affected); 14 normal limbs vs 18 with MPL (MPL II: 7, MPL III: 11).

Significantly different CT measurements in MPL vs control:

• aLDFA: MPL II > control and MPL III (p = 0.014)
• FTW: MPL III > control (p = 0.021)
• FTD: control > MPL II and III (p < 0.001)
• TTA: MPL II and III had increased external tibial torsion vs control (p < 0.001)
• fPL and PV: MPL III cats had longer and more voluminous patellae

No significant differences in AA, mMPTA, TTD, fPW, aPH.
Patella width exceeded trochlear width in all groups.
Authors suggest femoral and tibial angular correction may not be indicated in most feline MPL II–III cases.
Soft tissue techniques and trochleoplasty warrant further investigation.
CT method: Intraobserver ICC good in 64%, interobserver poor in 36% of metrics.

🔍 Key Findings

• Surgical excision of insulinomas resulted in euglycemia or hyperglycemia in 90% of cats immediately post-op.
• 18/20 cats (90%) survived to hospital discharge, with a median survival time of 863 days.
• Younger age, metastasis at surgery, tumor invasion, and lower glucose levels were negative prognostic factors.
• Two cats had stage III disease with metastasis; one lived 413 days post-op, suggesting some benefit to surgery even in advanced disease.
• Postoperative hypoglycemia and seizure activity were associated with poorer outcomes; one cat euthanized due to seizures despite euglycemia.
• Median disease-free interval (DFI) was 1052 days; for cats with metastasis, DFI dropped to 93 days.
• Partial pancreatectomy was performed in 11 cats, nodulectomy in 10, and enucleation in 1; method of resection not linked to outcome.
• Postoperative complications occurred in 25% of cats; most were manageable with supportive care.