Your Custom Quiz
In Israel 2023 et al., on povidone-iodine lavage, why was antibiotic addition to the lavage not used or recommended?
🔍 Key Findings
- No infections (0/102) occurred in cases where preclosure povidone-iodine lavage (PrePIL) was used, compared to 21/2111 (0.99%) with saline lavage.
- Break-even cost for PrePIL was calculated at $49.74, while the actual cost was only $2.07, confirming strong cost-effectiveness.
- No adverse reactions or healing complications were reported in the 102 PrePIL cases.
- The PrePIL protocol used 0.35% povidone-iodine for 3 minutes before closure, followed by sterile saline lavage.
- Majority of THRs (97%) used cementless fixation (BFX) in PrePIL group; only 3 cases used CFX components.
- Surgeries followed consistent perioperative antibiotic protocols, making PrePIL the only major protocol variable.
- Antibiotics were not added to lavage, aligning with WHO and CDC guidelines for antimicrobial stewardship.
- The infection reduction with PrePIL supports routine use in total hip replacement to reduce periprosthetic joint infections.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Preclosure povidone‐iodine lavage in total hip replacement surgery: Infection outcomes and cost–benefit analysis
2023-1-VS-israel-5
In Katz 2022 et al., on meniscal flounce sign, what was the sensitivity of the flounce sign for identifying normal menisci?
🔍 Key Findings
- A positive meniscal flounce sign was associated with normal menisci in 95.5% of cases, demonstrating strong predictive value.
- Absence of the meniscal flounce sign was associated with meniscal tears in 92.7% of cases.
- Overall diagnostic accuracy of the flounce sign was 94.6%, with 96.6% sensitivity and 90.5% specificity.
- Most tears in flounce-negative stifles were bucket-handle tears (73.8%), while radial tears were present in some flounce-positive stifles.
- Radial tears did not consistently eliminate the flounce sign, suggesting they may not disrupt meniscal fiber tension sufficiently.
- All procedures were arthroscopically performed, with probing and visualization of the medial meniscus' caudal pole.
- Flounce sign should complement, not replace, probing—especially as some tear types (e.g., radial) may not abolish the sign.
- Limb positioning and joint distraction may affect flounce visibility, introducing minor observer variability.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
The significance of the meniscal flounce sign in canine stifle arthroscopy
2022-2-VS-katz-3
In Sherman 2023 et al., on minimally invasive ESF, which group had a significantly higher rate of major complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- 55 cases (49 dogs, 6 cats) with nonarticular tibial fractures were treated using linear ESF with a minimally invasive approach
- All fractures achieved radiographic union; no unacceptable outcomes were reported
- 40% complication rate, mostly minor (82%), primarily pin-tract morbidity; major complications (7%) included osteomyelitis and refracture
- Open fractures had significantly more major complications than closed ones (P = .019)
- Use of intraoperative imaging (72% cases) reduced surgery time but did not improve alignment (P > .05)
- Median surgery time: 74 min with imaging vs. 100 min without (P = .046)
- TPA was lower than normal in both dogs and cats, but did not correlate with poor outcomes
- 62% had full clinical recovery, and 38% had acceptable outcomes at fixator removal
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Linear external skeletal fixation applied in minimally invasive fashion for stabilization of nonarticular tibial fractures in dogs and cats
2023-2-VS-sherman-3
In Bergen 2024 et al., on biliary stent use, what complication occurred only in cats long-term?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subjects: 11 animals (8 dogs, 3 cats)
- Technique: Uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents (BEMBS)
- Indications: Cholelithiasis, strictures, neoplasia, cholangiohepatitis, etc.
- Success: Patency achieved in all animals surviving to discharge
- Complications:
- Short-term mortality: 2/11 (1 euthanized for SIRS, 1 unknown)
- Long-term issues: cholangiohepatitis, choledocholithiasis, stent occlusion (in cats only)
- Long-term patency:
- Dogs: median 650.5 days
- Cats: median 446 days
- Stent removal possible even after >600 days in some cats
- Clinical outcome: Viable alternative to plastic stents or cholecystoenterostomy
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical use of uncovered balloon‐expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary tract obstructions in cats and dogs: 11 cases (2012–2022)
2024-2-VS-bergen-4
In Chen 2024 et al., on pressure-measurement tools, which device demonstrated the highest accuracy and precision?
🔍 Key Findings
- WMg (water manometer with gauge) was the most accurate and precise pressure measurement device.
- APT (arterial pressure transducer) was less accurate than WMg but still precise; it differed significantly from the gold standard (WMr).
- CCT (Compass CT) was the least accurate and precise and differed significantly from the set pressure.
- Mean differences from set pressure were smallest for WMg (−0.020 cm H2O), moderate for APT (−0.390 cm H2O), and largest for CCT (−1.267 cm H2O).
- All devices showed excellent interobserver (ICC = 1.000) and intraobserver agreement (ICC range 0.985–0.998).
- Even though the CCT performed least well, all devices had mean errors ≤1.3 cm H2O, indicating potential clinical utility.
- WMg or WMr should be preferred in surgical settings due to superior accuracy and precision.
- Measurement precision is more critical than accuracy during PSS surgery, as a 1 mm Hg (~1.3 cm H2O) increase in portal pressure raises odds of poor outcomes by 9%.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Accuracy, precision, and interobserver and intraobserver agreements related to pressure-measurement devices
2024-4-VS-chen-1
In Vandekerckhove 2024 et al., what force was required for 90% of hips to reach at least 90% of LImax?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Used VMBDmD to quantify hip laxity under increasing force in cadaveric dogs (n=34).
- 90% of hips reached ≥90% of LImax at 95.32 N, defining this force as sufficient for subluxation.
- LImax was not significantly influenced by osteoarthritis, weight, sex, or limb side.
- Position of device (lever length) influenced rate of laxity acquisition, not final LImax.
- LI curves were repeatable across 5 sessions, indicating elastic—not plastic—deformation.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Quantifying the Stress in Stress Radiographs to Determine Sufficient Laxity of the Coxofemoral Joint
2024-1-VCOT-vandekerckhove-1
In Thomsen 2024 et al., on CT accuracy for liver tumors, what level of inter-rater agreement (kappa) was reported for liver division localization?
🔍 Key Findings
- CT localization of liver masses was more accurate by division (88%) than by lobe (74.3%)
- Inter-radiologist agreement was excellent for division (kappa up to 0.885) and only moderate–good for lobe
- Quadrate and right lateral lobes had significantly lower localization accuracy compared to left lateral or medial lobes
- CT localization of the left division was most accurate (90.1%) compared to central (77.1%) and right (88.3%)
- Portal and hepatic venous phases were equally helpful for localization (each ~30–38% usefulness)
- No significant associations found between histopathologic diagnosis and localization accuracy
- Lobe-level CT localization should be interpreted with caution, especially for the quadrate and right lateral lobes
- Radiologist experience likely influenced accuracy, with the most experienced radiologist performing best
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Computed tomography scan accuracy for the prediction of lobe and division of liver tumors by four board-certified radiologists
2024-7-VS-thomsen-4
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, what was the overall healing outcome?
🔍 Key Findings
- 11 dogs, 13 fractures (mostly Salter-Harris type I) were repaired with FGPP using Kirschner wires.
- 10/13 fractures achieved satisfactory healing with good limb function at ~43 days median follow-up.
- Major complications occurred in 5 dogs: intra-articular pin placement, implant migration (2), implant failure with nonunion, and malunion.
- 2 dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with radiographic remodeling were poor candidates → higher risk of nonunion/malunion.
- Preoperative displacement was mostly mild (10/13 fractures); these had better outcomes than chronic or severely displaced cases.
- Median surgical time: 60 minutes (range 45–75), all performed percutaneously without conversion to open.
- Elective pin removal was performed in 5 cases; migration occurred with both short and long cut wires.
- Femoral neck resorption (“apple-coring”) was rare (2/10 healed cases) and thought to be less frequent than after ORIF due to reduced vascular disruption.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Closed reduction and fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous pinning of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures: Thirteen fractures in 11 dogs
2023-7-VS-demoya-1
In Rocheleau 2024 et al., on arthroscopic meniscal suturing, what is a proposed benefit of meniscal preservation over meniscectomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopic meniscal suturing was performed in 43 client-owned dogs, involving 44 meniscal repairs (one dog was bilateral). All injuries involved the caudal horn of the medial meniscus and were associated with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) disease.
- All dogs underwent simultaneous TPLO, with some also receiving an internal brace (IB). Most repairs used simple vertical mattress sutures.
- The overall complication rate was 34.1% (15/44). Most complications were attributed to the TPLO/TPLO+IB and did not compromise the meniscal repair outcome.
- No median time to “acceptable” or “full” function was reported, but most dogs showed improvement in lameness and LOAD scores (p < .001), indicating good to excellent outcomes.
- Meniscal repair success rate was 88% (38/44), with TPLO + IB outperforming TPLO-only (93.3% vs 71.4%). Follow-up was performed at 8 weeks (40 dogs) and 6 months (16 dogs).
- Six failures occurred, all managed with arthroscopic meniscectomy, leading to normal activity in those dogs. Two IB-associated failures led to CrCL instability.
- The authors concluded the technique was safe, practical, and effective, with a reasonable complication rate.
- The findings support arthroscopic suturing as a feasible alternative to meniscectomy or meniscal release, offering long-term benefits for preserving the meniscus.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Short‐term outcomes of 43 dogs treated with arthroscopic suturing for meniscal tears
2024-5-VS-rocheleau-5
In Hawker 2025 et al., on locking head inserts, what did the authors conclude regarding high-strain construct scenarios?
🔍 Key Findings
- Adding Locking Head Inserts (LHI) to a 3.5-mm LCP had no effect on plate strain, stiffness, or deformation in an open fracture gap model.
- Peak strain consistently occurred at the Combi-hole over the fracture gap, with values up to ~1837 µε.
- No significant difference in strain was found across configurations with 0, 3, or 9 LHI (p = 0.847).
- Construct stiffness and compressive displacement also remained unchanged regardless of LHI count (p = 0.311 and 0.069 respectively).
- Study contradicted the hypothesis that LHI would reduce strain and increase stiffness under biologic loading.
- Combi-hole design may limit the efficacy of LHI, as LHI only fill the locking portion, not the compression side where strain peaks.
- Implant fatigue risk remains highest over unfilled screw holes, especially over fracture sites—confirming previous failure patterns.
- Surgeons should consider alternative methods to reduce strain when facing high implant load scenarios.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
The Effect of Locking Head Inserts on the Biomechanical Properties of a 3.5-mm Broad Locking Compression Plate When Used in an Open Fracture-Gap Model
2025-4-VCOT-hawker-5
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings