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In Kalmukov 2022 et al., on cell salvage efficacy, what was a noted potential **benefit** of cell salvage over allogeneic transfusion in dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Direct suction salvaged more red blood cell mass (rbcM) than swab washing: 88.43% vs 84.74% (p = .015)
- Swab washing still achieved high recovery (84.74%), making it a viable adjunct when suction is not possible
- No significant difference in post-salvage PCV between methods (~34% for Su and ~33.9% for Sw)
- Total salvaged blood volume was significantly higher using direct suction (143 mL vs 139.8 mL; p < .001)
- Leukocytes are removed during salvage, potentially lowering risk of cytokine-mediated transfusion reactions
- Expired pRBCs were used, but device still achieved high RBC recovery, supporting clinical utility
- Swab washing via manual agitation may cause more RBC destruction than direct suction
- Cell salvage may avoid complications of allogeneic transfusions, like storage lesions and immunologic reactions
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Ex vivo evaluation of a novel cell salvage device to recover canine erythrocytes
2022-8-VS-kalmukov-5
In Poggi 2024 et al., on laparoscopic resection of pancreatic masses in dogs, what was the median operative time for laparoscopic pancreatic mass resection?
🔍 Key Findings
- Laparoscopic pancreatic mass resection (LPMR) was successfully performed in all 12 dogs, with no conversion to open laparotomy required.
- Median operative time was 69 minutes (range 35–100 min); 11/12 dogs were discharged within 48 hours, and one was discharged after 7 days.
- No major intraoperative complications occurred; minor complications included mild bleeding (2/12) and cannula malfunction (1/12).
- All dogs survived the procedure and were discharged.
- Histopathology confirmed neoplasia in all dogs: 9 insulinomas and 3 pancreatic carcinomas; all tumors were completely excised with clear margins.
- No recurrences were reported; 3 dogs died of unrelated causes, and 9 were still alive at the time of reporting.
- No postoperative hypoglycemia was observed; 1 dog had transient hyperglycemia, and minor complications included vomiting, idiopathic seizures, and pancreatitis, all of which resolved.
- Authors concluded that LPMR is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive alternative to open surgery for selected distal pancreatic masses in dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Laparoscopic resection of pancreatic masses in 12 dogs
2024-5-VS-poggi-3
In Adrian 2024 et al., on feline pelvic fracture stabilization, what was a suggested strategy to reduce screw pullout in SOP constructs?
🔍 Key Findings
- 20 cats with pelvic fractures treated with SOP plates and cortical screws
- Full function reported in all patients per FMPI follow-up
- Screw loosening in 3/20 SOP cases; implant removal in 3 cats
- Median sacral index decrease at follow-up: 5.7%; mostly mild narrowing
- Complications: 5 major (3 SOP removals, 2 trochanter osteotomy issues); 20 minor
- SOP plate shown feasible even in challenging configurations; good functional outcomes
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Use of Locking Plates Fixed with Cortical Screws for Pelvic Fracture Repair in 20 Cats
2024-1-VCOT-adrian-4
In Parlier 2024 et al., on insufflation effects on portal pressure in dogs, what insufflation pressure was predicted to induce portal hypertension (>15 mmHg)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Portal pressure increased proportionally with insufflation pressure: 38% at 6 mmHg, 95% at 10 mmHg, and 175% at 14 mmHg.
- Exponential model: average increase of 7.45% per mmHg of insufflation pressure (CI: 4.7–10.2%).
- No systemic hemodynamic adverse effects were observed; MAP remained >60 mmHg throughout.
- Portal hypertension threshold (15 mmHg) predicted at ~6.4 mmHg insufflation pressure.
- No statistical impact from patient weight, pressure-to-weight ratio, or order of insufflation rounds.
- Measurement technique was feasible and safe, with only minor challenges (e.g., catheter kinking).
- The study supports use of the lowest insufflation pressure needed for visualization to avoid portal hypertension.
- Baseline portal pressures returned after desufflation, supporting comparison pre- and post-attenuation.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Prospective, randomized, clinical trial on the effects of laparoscopic insufflation pressures on portal pressures in dogs
2024-4-VS-parlier-2
In Tobias 2022 et al., on perineal hernia repair positioning, what was the recurrence rate in dogs with prior hernia repair on the same side?
🔍 Key Findings
- Perineal hernia repair was feasible in dorsal recumbency in all 23 dogs, allowing simultaneous perineal and abdominal procedures without repositioning.
- Internal obturator muscle transposition (IOMT) was successfully performed in 22 dogs, with tendon transection facilitating improved muscle elevation.
- Complication rate was 60.9% in-hospital and 47.8% post-discharge, mostly minor (e.g., swelling, drainage), with infection suspected in 4 dogs (17.4%).
- Recurrence rate was 19% overall, but significantly higher in dogs with prior hernia repairs (50% vs 5.9%; p = 0.053).
- Dogs without prior repairs or organ pexies had no recurrences (p = 0.035), suggesting primary repairs without preexisting interventions fare better.
- Castration and adjunctive abdominal procedures (e.g., colopexy, cystopexy) were often performed concurrently (18/23 dogs).
- Colopexy did not prevent recurrence, although it aided in surgical visualization during perineal repair.
- Dorsal positioning allowed simultaneous access to the abdomen and perineum, improving surgical efficiency without added complications.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Perineal hernia repair in dorsal recumbency in 23 dogs: Description of technique, complications, and outcome
2022-5-VS-tobias-2
In Knudsen 2024 et al., on CTA diagnostic accuracy, what was the combined sensitivity and specificity range in the second reading?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Design: Prospective case series of 52 scans from 44 dogs with CCL injury.
- Main Technique: 16-slice CTA; evaluated by 3 observers with varying experience; validated against surgical mini-medial arthrotomy findings.
- Diagnostic Metrics (Reading 2):
- Sensitivity: 1.00 (Observers 1 & 2), 0.93 (Observer 3)
- Specificity: 0.78–0.91
- Positive Likelihood Ratio: Up to 10.71
- Negative Likelihood Ratio: As low as 0.08
- Accuracy: 90%+ for all in Reading 2
- Observer Effect: Significant improvement between first and second reading for less experienced observers (p < 0.05); learning curve evident.
- Meniscal lesions found:
- 9/12 in suspected late meniscal injury cases
- 19/40 in newly diagnosed CCL cases
- Most common = bucket handle tears
- Conclusion: Multidetector CTA is a clinically useful, non-invasive tool for identifying medial meniscal lesions in dogs with CCL disease.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Diagnosis of medial meniscal lesions in the canine stifle using multidetector computed tomographic positive-contrast arthrography
2024-1-VS-knudsen-1
In Welsh 2023 et al., on TTAF fixation methods, what was the primary mechanical benefit of two-pin fixation over single-pin fixation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Two-pin fixation had significantly greater strength (639 N) than single-pin fixation (426 N) in TTAF models (p = .003).
- Stiffness was also higher with two-pin constructs (72 N/mm vs 57 N/mm); statistically significant (p = .029).
- Both fixation types withstood loads greater than quadriceps force in dogs at a walk (240 N), indicating clinical viability.
- Failure was most commonly due to pin bending or pullout (82%), with fewer cases of ligament tearing or epiphyseal fracture.
- K-wire insertion angle (KWIA) did not significantly differ between fixation types (p = .13).
- Single larger pins delivered ~68% of the strength and ~83% of the stiffness of two smaller vertically aligned pins.
- Clinical implication: Two vertically aligned pins are biomechanically superior for TTAF fixation in canine models.
- Study used mature cadavers, which may underestimate loads and stiffness compared to immature clinical cases.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Biomechanical comparison of one pin versus two pin fixation in a canine tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture model
2023-5-VS-welsh-1
In Anderson 2025 et al., on wound drain configurations, which anatomical location had the highest consistency in fluid retrieval?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study Design: Cadaveric model using four large-breed dogs with 10x10 cm full-thickness wounds at four locations (shoulder, thorax, flank, thigh).
- Configurations Tested: Diagonal, opposite, parallel, and perpendicular placements of wound infusion catheter and JP drain.
- Fluid Retrieval:
- No significant difference by configuration (p = .92) or location (p = .32).
- Perpendicular configuration had the highest mean retrieval (11.35 mL, 56.8% of instilled volume).
- Flank location had the lowest retrieval (7.2 mL, 35.9%).
- Surface Area Coverage:
- Parallel configuration achieved the highest SA coverage (83.4% ± 11.6%, p < .01).
- Perpendicular was lowest.
- Leakage:
- No difference in leakage between configurations (p = .74) or locations (p = .10).
- Leakage commonly occurred at drain or catheter entry points (93.8% of wounds).
- Conclusion: Parallel drain configuration optimized fluid dispersion. Infusion-retrieval systems may allow for topical therapy delivery in closed wounds.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
Application and influence of four drain configurations on fluid dispersal and retrieval in a cadaveric canine wound infusion-retrieval system model
2025-2-VS-anderson2-4
In Galliano 2022 et al., on vascular access ports, which group had the highest rate of major and catastrophic complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- SVAPs placed in axillary (aSVAP) or femoral/external iliac veins (fSVAP) during limb amputation remained functional in 92.3% and 100% of cases, respectively.
- Complication rates were lower in aSVAP (23.1%) and fSVAP (0%) compared to jSVAP (47.4%), although not statistically significant (P = .12).
- No catastrophic complications occurred with aSVAP or fSVAP; 2 deaths occurred with jSVAP due to port-related issues.
- Infection-related port removal was needed in 1 aSVAP (7.7%) and 2 jSVAPs (10.5%) — no removals were required in fSVAPs.
- Tip placement of the catheter (e.g., right atrium vs. vena cava) did not correlate with complications (P = .66).
- Shorter surgical time likely with aSVAP/fSVAP as they use the same surgical field as the limb amputation.
- Survival time median was similar across groups (jSVAP: 177 days, aSVAP: 125 days, fSVAP: 122 days).
- SVAP implantation during limb amputation offers a practical and safe alternative to separate jugular placement.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Subcutaneous vascular access port implantation in the axillary or femoral/external iliac vein at the time of full limb amputation in dogs
2022-7-VS-galliano-2
In Clarke 2022 et al., on nasopharyngeal collapse severity, which median percentage collapse was found in brachycephalic dogs preoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- Nasopharyngeal collapse was significantly more severe in brachycephalic dogs (median 65%) than in nonbrachycephalic controls (median 10%) (p = .0001).
- Postoperative fluoroscopy showed no significant improvement in nasopharyngeal collapse (p = .0505), despite reported clinical improvement.
- 70% of brachycephalic dogs had ≥50% collapse; 26% had 100% collapse preoperatively.
- All owners of surgical cases reported clinical improvement, including reduced respiratory noise and improved exercise tolerance.
- Surgical techniques used included combinations of alaplasty, staphylectomy, sacculectomy, and tonsillectomy.
- Improvement in nasopharyngeal dimensions was variable, with some dogs improving ≥45%, some worsening, and one dog showing a 100% increase post-op.
- Pharyngeal collapse may not be solely anatomical; neuromuscular dysfunction (e.g., reduced pharyngeal dilator muscle function) may contribute.
- Current surgical techniques may not address functional airway abnormalities, suggesting a need for multimodal or targeted interventions.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Severity of nasopharyngeal collapse before and after corrective upper airway surgery in brachycephalic dogs
2022-6-VS-clarke-1
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