🔍 Key Findings

From Allaith et al., 2023 – Outcomes from a multiuser canine hip replacement registry

• 2375 total hip replacements were analyzed across 1852 dogs, making this the largest multiuser canine THR dataset to date.
• Most common indications for THR were hip dysplasia (51%) and osteoarthritis (34%).
• Implants used included Kyon (46%), BioMedtrix CFX (22%), Hybrid (11%), BFX (9%), and Helica (4.5%).
• Veterinary-reported complication rate was 8.5%, while owner-reported was 23%, with moderate agreement (k=0.44).
• Most common complications: Luxation, femoral fracture, and aseptic loosening.
• BioMedtrix BFX and Helica implants had a higher risk of complications when used after femoral head and neck excision (P = .031).
• Postoperative LOAD scores significantly improved vs preoperative (21 → 11; P < .0001), supporting improved mobility.
• Owner satisfaction was high, with 88% rating outcome as very good or good.

🔍 Key Findings

• Oversewing the transverse staple line using barbed suture showed no difference in initial (ILP) or maximum leakage pressure (MLP) compared to monofilament suture (p = .439 and .644).
• Barbed suture repairs were ~18% faster (25 seconds faster; p < .001) than monofilament suture.
• No difference was found between unidirectional and bidirectional barbed sutures in leakage resistance or repair time (p = .697).
• Mean ILP and MLP were significantly higher in control jejunal segments (6.6x and 5.1x greater respectively; p < .001).
• Leakage consistently occurred at the crotch of the FEESA in all oversew groups (>80%), not the staple line.
• All oversewn techniques leaked at supraphysiologic pressures, indicating clinical safety against in vivo leakage.
• No leakage was observed from barbed suture holes, addressing concerns of tissue trauma due to barb design.
• The study supports barbed suture as a viable alternative to conventional monofilament suture for FEESA oversew in dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Spacer pin fixation showed no difference in failure force or stiffness compared to tension band wire (TBW) or 2-pin techniques.
• All constructs failed under loads >1000 N, exceeding estimated peak quadriceps force in dogs during walking (~240 N).
• Patellar ligament failure was the most common mode of failure across all groups (5–8 samples per group).
• Distal tibial crest fractures were seen only in 2-pin and spacer pin groups, not in TBW group, suggesting TBW may protect against crest failure.
• No failures occurred at pin tracts, possibly due to pin placement within patellar ligament footprint.
• Spacer pin technique avoids placing pins through the tuberosity, potentially reducing risks of soft tissue complications like tendinopathy or irritation.
• Use of partial osteotomy with robust distal crest may substitute for TBW without compromising initial mechanical strength.
• Further in vivo or cyclic loading studies are required, as this cadaveric study tested only acute tensile failure.

🔍 Key Findings

• Refracture occurred in 5.5% of limbs, with higher incidence in the plate removal group (12.5%) vs. non-removal (3.5%).
• In the non-plate removal group, refractures occurred at the most distal screw site, linked to greater screw position change during growth (OR 1.79, p=0.04).
• Screw-to-bone diameter ratio (SBDR) >0.4 was a significant risk factor for refracture in the plate retention group.
• In the plate removal group, refractures occurred at the original fracture site, associated with lower pixel value ratio (bone mineral density) and reduced radial thickness.
• Implant-induced osteoporosis (IIO) beneath the plate likely contributed to refracture risk after plate removal.
• Younger age at fracture (<6 months) was associated with higher refracture risk due to ongoing radial growth and shifting screw position.
• No significant association was found between refracture and plate type (locking vs conventional), fixation method, or ulnar union.
• Recommendations include careful SBDR sizing, motion restriction, and cautious plate removal decisions in growing dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Case series of 6 shoulders in 5 working/sporting dogs. Conditions treated: 3 partial biceps ruptures, 3 luxations with fraying.
• All treated with biceps tenodesis using a bioabsorbable anchor (Weldix 2.3 mm).
• All dogs returned to function (some to high-level sports); lameness resolved within 1–5 weeks.
• No implant-related complications with anchor-only cases. One dog had seroma and later infection but recovered.
• Tendon clamp (used in 2 cases) caused irritation in one dog → resolved after removal.
• CT follow-up confirmed integrity; drill holes filled with bone.
• Median LOAD score: 12; higher in older dogs or with concurrent conditions.
• Authors suggest tenodesis offers more stability and faster return to function than tenotomy in working dogs.
• Larger, controlled studies are recommended.

🔍 Key Findings

• Early enteral nutrition (<24–48 hrs) is associated with improved survival and reduced hospitalization in dogs with septic peritonitis.
• Appropriate empirical antimicrobials improve survival in cats, but data are mixed in dogs.
• Recurrent septic peritonitis (RecSP) has poor survival (0%–43.9%); most common cause is gastrointestinal dehiscence.
• Intraoperative hypotension and preoperative hypoalbuminemia may increase dehiscence risk, though findings are inconsistent.
• Lidocaine CRI during surgery improves survival over opioids alone in dogs.
• Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is not recommended due to risks of coagulopathy and kidney injury; albumin use is controversial.
• Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is under-recognized but contributes to mortality; IAP monitoring should be considered.
• Diagnostic tests (effusion lactate, glucose, cytology) are unreliable for detecting RecSP; clinical judgment and ultrasound are advised.

🔍 Key Findings

• 83% of dogs survived to discharge after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.
• Median survival time post-discharge was 1169 days (3.2 years).
• Preoperative alpha-blocker therapy (e.g., phenoxybenzamine) was not associated with improved survival.
• Dogs receiving alpha-blockers had higher intraoperative systolic BP, with median values 170 mmHg vs. 142 mmHg in non-treated dogs (P = .01).
• Intraoperative arrhythmias occurred in 30% of cases, with no difference between dogs receiving alpha-blockers and those not.
• Histologic vascular invasion occurred in ~70% of tumors.
• Tumor recurrence was suspected in 3 dogs, and metastasis in 8 dogs, though not histologically confirmed in most cases.
• Postoperative complications included refractory hypotension, acute kidney injury, and hypertension persisting >48 hours in 10 dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Heated CO₂ insufflation reduced perioperative hypothermia during laparoscopic ovariectomy compared to nonheated CO₂.
• Final body temperature was significantly higher in the heated group (36.03°C) than in the nonheated group (34.93°C).
• Temperature reduction correlated with surgical duration only in the nonheated group (p < .05).
• Heated CO₂ delayed temperature drop, occurring after 20 minutes vs. 5 minutes in nonheated cases.
• No significant differences between groups in anesthetic, surgical, or insufflation times.
• All dogs recovered uneventfully and were discharged the same day.
• Heated CO₂ may offer greater benefit in longer procedures or in small-sized dogs prone to hypothermia.
• No adverse effects were attributed to heated gas use in this clinical trial.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study Design: Prospective, randomized clinical trial of 45 dogs undergoing liver biopsy or lobectomy.
• Groups:
  • Adhesive gelatin sponge (AG) group (n=22)
  • Plain collagen sponge (PC) group (n=23)
• Main Results:
  • At 5 minutes post-application, 10/20 PC dogs were still bleeding vs. 2/20 AG dogs (p = 0.0138).
  • AG had significantly better adhesion scores (median 2 vs. 1, p < 0.001).
  • Sponge dislodgement: 5/23 in PC group, 0/22 in AG group (p = 0.042).
  • Time to 50% hemostasis: AG = 2 min, PC = 4 min 49 sec.
• Complications: No adverse events related to either sponge.
• Conclusion: Adhesive gelatin sponges offered superior intraoperative adhesion and hemostatic control during canine liver surgery compared to collagen sponges.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 3 dogs developed permanent fibular nerve dysfunction following TPLO
• Common findings:
  • Drill hole or screw in caudal tibial cortex just distal to osteotomy
  • Caudal malpositioning of TPLO plate (esp. right limb of case 3)
  • Post-op signs: cranial tibial atrophy, knuckling, exaggerated gait, no hock flexion
• One case had confirmed deep/superficial fibular neuropathy via electrodiagnostics
• Recommended prevention: avoid overly caudal drill paths; careful gait assessment at follow-up is key