Your Custom Quiz
In Berthomé 2025 et al., on prophylactic fenestration in cervical IVDE, what was a statistically significant outcome regarding surgery duration?
🔍 Key Findings
- Prophylactic fenestration (PF) significantly reduced recurrence of cervical intervertebral disc extrusion (0% vs. 37.8%, p < .001).
- Surgery time was longer with PF (median 182 vs. 110 min, p = .017), but no difference in perioperative complication rates (PF 16.7%, non-PF 18.9%; p = .838).
- 25% overall recurrence rate, but all recurrences occurred in the non-PF group.
- Medical management was effective in 92.9% of recurrence cases.
- Most PF sites targeted adjacent discs; 88.9% were at adjacent levels, which are common recurrence sites.
- Neurologic outcomes were similar between PF and non-PF dogs post-surgery and at follow-up.
- Fenestration technique (blade vs. burr) not shown to affect outcome but contributed to extended surgical time.
- No major complications or deaths linked directly to PF in initial surgeries.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Recurrence of cervical intervertebral disc extrusion in 55 dogs after surgical decompression with or without prophylactic fenestration
2025-6-VS-berthome-3
In İnal 2025 et al., on supracutaneous locking plates, which complication was most frequently encountered?
🔍 Key Findings
- Supracutaneous locking plates (SLPs) were successfully used to manage 33 diaphyseal fractures (radial–ulnar and tibial) in 30 cats and dogs.
- Median fracture healing time was 50.5 days (range: 27–88), with most patients regaining limb use within days postoperatively.
- CT-based metrics (callus area, HU, and 3D bone volume) increased significantly during healing (p < 0.05), validating CT as a quantitative tool for assessing healing.
- Complications were minimal: minor in 15/33 (e.g., screw tract discharge, edema), and major in 3/33 (e.g., implant failure, delayed union, nonunion).
- Minimally invasive osteosynthesis required longer surgery times than closed reduction (p < 0.05), but both techniques were viable.
- SLPs enabled successful bilateral fracture management without inter-plate interference due to their compact design.
- Screw orientation challenges were noted in cats, especially with cranial application to the radius due to narrow anatomy.
- Polyaxial locking screws were used safely and did not dislodge, allowing for angular insertion (≤10°) to avoid neurovascular structures.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Minimally Invasive Radial–Ulnar and Tibial Fracture Management with Supracutaneous Locking Plates in Dogs and Cats
2025-5-VCOT-inal-3
In Danielski 2022 et al., on humero-anconeal incongruity, what was the location of the novel cartilage lesion consistently observed in elbows with HIF?
🔍 Key Findings
- A novel caudo-medial arthroscopic portal allowed visualization of previously undescribed cartilage lesions on the caudal medial humeral condyle.
- A consistent focal cartilage lesion (HA lesion) was observed in 100% of elbows with HIF (21/21), but in none of the 31 elbows without HIF.
- Lesions varied from indentations to full-thickness cartilage loss, typically elliptical and located just medial to the humeral condyle isthmus.
- A clunk-like sensation and dynamic engagement of the anconeal process into the lesion were observed in 16/21 elbows with HIF during elbow manipulation.
- In 5/21 elbows, engagement of the anconeal process led to observable widening of the HIF line, suggesting dynamic instability.
- Findings support a novel concept of humero-anconeal incongruity as a contributor to the pathogenesis of HIF.
- Spaniel breed was not a confounder—the lesion was only present in elbows with HIF, regardless of breed.
- The study suggests potential for using arthroscopy as a screening tool for early detection of humero-anconeal incongruity and HIF risk.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Humero-anconeal elbow incongruity in spaniel breed dogs with humeral intracondylar fissure: Arthroscopic findings
2022-1-VS-danielski2-1
In Maeta 2022 et al., on total cystectomy in cats, which surgical method was used to prevent ureteral bending and misalignment during cutaneous ureterostomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- First reported case of total cystectomy and bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy in a cat using a modified Toyoda technique.
- Histologically complete tumor resection was achieved, with tumor-free ureter and urethral margins >20 mm.
- The modified Toyoda technique involved shaping the ureter into a fish-mouth aperture and anastomosing it to a rectangular skin defect for stomal formation.
- Incontinence was managed using a diaper changed every 6–8 hours, with no dermatological complications.
- Obstruction of the right ureter occurred 14 months post-op, associated with a subcutaneous nodule at the anastomosis site.
- Despite incontinence, owner satisfaction and perceived quality of life were high, with the cat living ~16 months post-op.
- The stents were removed on days 7 (left) and 28 (right) postoperatively, with initial patency maintained until 14 months.
- This surgical approach may offer palliative or curative benefit for feline trigonal TCC where partial cystectomy is not feasible.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Modified Toyoda technique for total cystectomy and cutaneous ureterostomy in a cat
2022-8-VS-maeta-1
In Story 2024 et al., on surgical correction of excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA), which technique caused the greatest cranial mechanical axis shift?
🔍 Key Findings
- All four techniques achieved TPA <14°, meeting the threshold for acceptable surgical correction in eTPA cases.
- Group A (CBLO + CCWO) and Group D (PTNWO) showed highest accuracy in achieving target TPA values.
- Group B (TPLO + CCWO) resulted in significant tibial shortening compared to other techniques.
- Group A caused the greatest cranial mechanical axis shift, while Group B caused the least.
- Group C (mCCWO) resulted in consistent under-correction of TPA, despite aiming for 0°.
- Modified or neutral wedge osteotomies (Groups C and D) had minimal effect on tibial length, making them suitable when preservation is important.
- All techniques involved mechanical axis shifts, highlighting the importance of preoperative planning to minimize morphologic disruption.
- Supplemental fixation was standard for all procedures to reduce risks such as tibial tuberosity fracture and plateau leveling loss.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Morphologic impact of four surgical techniques to correct excessive tibial plateau angle in dogs: A theoretical radiographic analysis
2024-8-VS-story-1
In Crystal 2024 et al., on elbow osteotomies, which variable most significantly predicted reduced medial elbow load?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Ex vivo cadaver study using 5 paired canine thoracic limbs
- Compared medial opening wedge osteotomy (MOWO) and external rotational osteotomy (ERO) of the humerus
- Measured pressure changes in the medial compartment using thin-film sensors
- ERO significantly reduced peak pressure and pressure distribution in the medial elbow compartment (p < 0.05)
- MOWO showed no significant pressure reduction relative to native state
- Combined MOWO + ERO did not significantly improve over ERO alone
- Findings support the biomechanical rationale for ERO as a surgical strategy to offload the medial compartment in cases like medial compartment disease (MCD)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
4
2024
Effect of Medial Opening Wedge and External Rotational Humeral Osteotomies on Medial Elbow Compartment Pressure: An Ex Vivo Study
2024-4-VCOT-crystal-5
In Buote 2023 et al., on laparoscopic gastrectomy in cats, what complication was **not** observed in either live patient after surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- LVSG was feasible in 9/10 feline cadavers with successful stapled gastrectomy and minimal technical complications.
- Stenosis at the incisura angularis occurred in 2/10 cadavers, associated with staple placement too close to the lesser curvature.
- Leak testing was negative in 8 cadavers and both live cats, indicating effective staple sealing.
- Mean stomach resection was ~28%, though less than human standards (~75–80%) for metabolic effects.
- Surgery was performed safely in two live feline subjects, with no intraoperative or postoperative complications over a 6-month follow-up.
- Technique refinements included orogastric tube placement and custom 3D-printed cannulas to improve staple line accuracy and avoid stenosis.
- Tri-Staple purple cartridges provided graduated compression suited for feline gastric tissue thickness (~2.5 mm).
- No need for staple line oversew in live cats; staple-only closure proved safe in this short-term study.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy in felines: A cadaveric feasibility study and experimental case series in two cats
2023-6-buote2-3
In Gibson 2024 et al., on mediastinoscopy in dogs, which factor most likely contributed to **difficulty in lymph node identification**?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mediastinoscopy was technically feasible in large-breed canine cadavers using a SILS port and standard laparoscopic instruments.
- The left tracheobronchial lymph node (LTBLN) was successfully retrieved in all cadavers (7/7), while cranial mediastinal lymph nodes were retrieved in only 1/7.
- Postprocedural pleural gas was observed in 4/7 cadavers, likely due to CO₂ insufflation.
- Instrument limitations with a human-designed mediastinoscope led to preference for laparoscopic instruments and SILS port for improved access and visualization.
- Complication rates were low, with only two minor (Grade 1) adverse events (pleural tear and LN rupture).
- Obesity and mediastinal fat were cited as potential challenges to visualization and node retrieval.
- NASA-TLX workload scores were lowest for tracheobronchial nodes, indicating these were the easiest to access.
- The authors concluded this approach may facilitate minimally invasive biopsy or resection of cranial mediastinal masses in live dogs, but clinical trials are needed to validate safety and efficacy.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Evaluation of mediastinoscopy for cranial mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymphadenectomy in canine cadavers
2024-5-VS-gibson-5
In Kwok 2023 et al. on BFX lateral bolt THR in dogs,what factor was most associated with postoperative femoral fractures?
🔍 Key Findings
- 97.4% of dogs returned to normal function after total hip replacement using the BFX lateral bolt.
- Mean femoral stem subsidence was 1.22 mm, with most occurring in the first month and minimal thereafter.
- Postoperative complication rate was 13.6%, with 9.2% major and 4.4% minor complications.
- Femoral fractures (3.6%) and coxofemoral luxations (3.6%) were the most common major complications.
- Increased age and higher stem size were risk factors for postoperative femoral fractures; CFI >2.0 was also associated.
- Medial calcar fractures were avoided, and fractures occurred distal to stem ingrowth zone, simplifying repairs.
- Three cases underwent prophylactic plating, all with excellent outcomes and no complications.
- Explant rate was 2.6% (5/195), with most failures involving acetabular cup rather than femoral stem.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Clinical outcomes of canine total hip replacement utilizing a BFX lateral bolt femoral stem: 195 consecutive cases (2013–2019)
2023-1-VS-kwok-3
In Geier 2022 et al., on smoke evacuation in TPLO, what level of protection do standard surgical masks provide against ultrafine surgical smoke particles?
🔍 Key Findings
- Use of smoke evacuators reduced ultrafine particle concentrations by 56.4% during approach to the proximal tibia for TPLO in dogs.
- Mean intraoperative particle concentrations were significantly higher in surgeries without smoke evacuation (1352 ppc vs. 763 ppc, P < .0001).
- Maximum particle concentrations were six times higher without smoke evacuation (62,450 ppc vs. 10,100 ppc, P < .0001).
- Particle counts increased above baseline regardless of evacuator use, confirming electrosurgery contributes substantially to airborne particles.
- Surgeons noted reduced odor and health concerns when using the smoke evacuator, despite initial visibility limitations due to pencil attachment.
- Standard surgical masks do not protect against ultrafine particles, underscoring the importance of smoke mitigation systems.
- The smoke-evacuation unit did not eliminate all ultrafine particles, suggesting optimization (e.g., higher power setting) may be beneficial.
- This is the first clinical veterinary study to measure surgical smoke reduction using evacuators during TPLO.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
The effect of a smoke‐evacuation unit on ultrafine particle concentrations in the operating room during approach to the proximal tibia for tibial plateau-leveling osteotomy surgery in dogs
2022-5-VS-geier-5
Quiz Results
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Key Findings