🔍 Key Findings

• 2.4 mm LCP with a 1.6 mm IM pin had the highest axial stiffness and yield strength among the tested constructs.
• Axial stiffness was significantly higher in the 2.4 mm LCP + 1.6 mm IM pin group compared to 2.7 mm LCP alone (p = .013).
• No significant difference in torsional stiffness was found among groups.
• 2.4 mm LCP + 1.0 mm pin had the lowest stiffness and failure load, underperforming both other constructs.
• All constructs failed via valgus bending, consistent with clinical observations in feline tibial fractures.
• A 1.6 mm pin (~50% canal fill) resulted in superior construct performance vs. 1.0 mm (~30% fill).
• Group 2 (2.4 LCP + 1.6 mm pin) outperformed the 2.7 mm LCP alone in stiffness, despite using a smaller plate.
• Plate–rod constructs may better preserve periosteal blood supply and support minimally invasive stabilization strategies.

🔍 Key Findings

• Bone-to-tendon plate fixation allowed successful stabilization of a highly comminuted calcaneus fracture in a dog with fragments too small for traditional fixation.
• The plate was sutured to the common calcaneal tendon using a figure-of-8 pattern, bypassing the need for screw fixation into small proximal fragments.
• Radiographic union was achieved by 17 weeks, though considered delayed, with the dog returning to normal function by 36 weeks post-op.
• A second surgery was required to replace the tendon-anchored plate with a calcaneus-only plate due to skin ulceration and implant prominence.
• Implant-associated infection was suspected; cultures confirmed Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, managed with doxycycline and clindamycin.
• Use of human placental matrix (hPM) and both autogenous and allogenic bone grafts supported healing, though their specific contribution remains uncertain.
• Postoperative complications included delayed union and skin ulceration, emphasizing challenges of implant design and soft tissue management.
• This is the first report of using a bone-to-tendon plate for a calcaneus fracture in dogs and demonstrates its potential in cases where traditional methods are not viable.

🔍 Key Findings

• SVAPs placed in axillary (aSVAP) or femoral/external iliac veins (fSVAP) during limb amputation remained functional in 92.3% and 100% of cases, respectively.
• Complication rates were lower in aSVAP (23.1%) and fSVAP (0%) compared to jSVAP (47.4%), although not statistically significant (P = .12).
• No catastrophic complications occurred with aSVAP or fSVAP; 2 deaths occurred with jSVAP due to port-related issues.
• Infection-related port removal was needed in 1 aSVAP (7.7%) and 2 jSVAPs (10.5%) — no removals were required in fSVAPs.
• Tip placement of the catheter (e.g., right atrium vs. vena cava) did not correlate with complications (P = .66).
• Shorter surgical time likely with aSVAP/fSVAP as they use the same surgical field as the limb amputation.
• Survival time median was similar across groups (jSVAP: 177 days, aSVAP: 125 days, fSVAP: 122 days).
• SVAP implantation during limb amputation offers a practical and safe alternative to separate jugular placement.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• IMN provides relative stability, resists bending/torsion due to central axis alignment
• Larger diameter nails = exponentially greater stiffness (∝ D⁴)
• Trade-off: Larger interlocking holes weaken fatigue strength of the nail
• Reaming increases contact/stability but has pros/cons:
  • Improves outcomes in closed fractures
  • May reduce endosteal blood flow in thin-walled bones (e.g., cats)
• Design advances:
  • Angle-stable IMN reduce rotational slack
  • Expandable nails simplify insertion but may compromise removal or compressive load resistance
  • Precontoured nails match bone curvature but lack consistent clinical superiority
• Material debates continue (e.g., titanium vs. stainless steel vs. magnesium)

🔍 Key Findings

Study focus: Outcomes of cannulated screw fixation in unicondylar humeral condylar fractures (UHCF) in dogs.
Clinical union rate: 89%
Overall complication rate: 36%

• Major complication: Most common was screw breakage

Significant risk factor for screw breakage:

• Body weight >20 kg (statistically significant)

Breed distribution:

• Spaniels, especially English Springer Spaniels, were most common

No mention of plate augmentation as standard in this cohort

🔍 Key Findings

• Left fourth intercostal thoracotomy allowed successful thoracic duct (TD) ligation in 9/10 canine cadavers.
• 10/13 clinical cases had a single TD branch at the left fourth intercostal space, indicating lower anatomical complexity.
• All TD branches at this site were lateral to the esophagus, simplifying surgical access.
• Unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy was successfully performed via the same incision in 10/10 cadavers.
• Fewer TD branches at the fourth intercostal space than traditional caudal sites may reduce the risk of missed collaterals.
• In contrast, traditional caudal TD ligation sites had up to 5 branches, requiring broader dissection.
• No cadaver had right-sided TD branches, reducing surgical complexity at the studied location.
• Contrast-confirmed ligation was effective in 90% (9/10) cadavers on CT imaging.

🔍 Key Findings

• Multidetector CTA had high sensitivity (up to 100%) and specificity (up to 96%) for detecting medial meniscal tears in dogs.
• Observer experience significantly influenced diagnostic accuracy, with more experienced observers showing higher agreement and better performance.
• Training effect was evident, as less experienced observers improved between first and second readings.
• Positive likelihood ratios ≥4.6 and negative likelihood ratios ≤0.08 were observed, suggesting CTA is clinically useful for confirming or ruling out meniscal injury.
• CTA allowed identification of full and partial thickness lesions, with good visualization in sagittal, transverse, and frontal reconstructions.
• Approximately 90% of menisci were correctly classified in second readings.
• No adverse reactions were noted from the contrast injection; sedation was used instead of general anesthesia.
• CTA was less invasive and potentially more cost-effective compared to arthroscopy, especially in settings without MRI access.

🔍 Key Findings

• Overall closure-related complication rate was 14.1%, lower than previously reported (17–78%).
• No clinically meaningful difference in complication rate between orthopedic wire (17.4%) and suture (11.5%) closure methods.
• Dog size (≥20 kg) was the only significant risk factor associated with increased closure-related complications (p = .01).
• Type of closure (wire vs. suture) did not affect risk, even in larger dogs.
• Suture closure showed a non-significant trend toward fewer complications (mean reduction 2.3%, 95% CI: –9.1% to +4.5%).
• Most complications were mild (62%), with only 10 severe cases requiring surgical revision.
• Infection rate was low (2.7%), and not significantly different between wire and suture.
• Suture closure is a valid alternative to wire, including in large dogs, based on this large, multi-institutional study.

🔍 Key Findings

• Customized 3D printed cannulas (3DPCs) significantly reduced surgical time in feline cadaver models (125.6 vs. 95.2 min, p = 0.03).
• Use of 3DPCs resulted in a reduction in instrument collisions (6.8 vs. 2.6, p = 0.03).
• Cannula pullout complications decreased with 3DPCs (10 vs. 2.2 per procedure, p = 0.03).
• 3DPCs were designed at shorter lengths (3 cm), improving intra-abdominal working space in cats.
• No incisional or postoperative complications occurred in the two live feline cases.
• One 3DPC insufflation port broke intraoperatively; resolved by using a male luer lock connector in the next case.
• CO₂ leakage occurred from re-used silicone valves in 2 ports; emphasizing the need for durable valve design.
• Estimated cost per 3DPC was <$5.00, suggesting cost-effective customization for feline laparoscopy.

🔍 Key Findings:

• Study design: Retrospective, 20 cats with congenital EHPSS treated with ameroid ring constrictor (ARC).
• Perioperative complication rate: 25% (5/20), including seizures, blindness, ascites, and one death.
• Short-term outcomes (18 cats):
  • Excellent: 14
  • Good: 2
  • Poor: 2
• Long-term outcomes (18 cats):
  • Excellent: 15
  • Good: 1
  • Poor: 2
• Persistent seizures: Noted in some cats despite normal bile acids and CBC/chemistry.
• Preoperative blindness resolved in most cats.
• Mean follow-up duration: Median 8 years.