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In Trefny 2025 et al., on locking plate biomechanics, when did transcortical contact occur in long working length constructs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Short working length constructs had significantly higher stiffness and lower strain than long constructs in compression bending (p = 0.0172).
- In tension bending, short constructs also had higher precontact stiffness and lower strain, but this reversed after transcortical contact (~150 N).
- Transcortical contact increased stiffness only in long constructs, producing a bilinear load-displacement curve.
- Postcontact stiffness was higher in long constructs, but this may not reflect clinical benefit due to risks of high interfragmentary strain.
- Short working length reduced strain at multiple ROIs under both loading conditions, including over fracture gap (Tables 1–3).
- Increased working length promoted stress concentration and deformation, especially in compression bending.
- In vitro benefits of long constructs (via contact stability) may not translate to healing, as repetitive loading could increase plate strain and bone resorption.
- Plate strain was effectively mapped using 3D digital image correlation, confirming regional strain differences between configurations.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
3
2025
Effect of Plate Screw Configuration on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in a Synthetic Short Fragment Small Gap Fracture Model Stabilized with a 12-Hole 3.5-mm Locking Compression Plate
2025-3-VCOT-trefny-2
In Ellis 2024 et al., what was the significant finding in the MCP HU values in Guide Dogs vs Border Collies?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 86 elbows assessed: 32 Guide Dogs, 11 Border Collies
- Guide Dogs showed significantly higher HU values in:
- MCP: min (p = 0.022), mean (p < 0.01), max (p < 0.01)
- Humeral trochlea: mean (p < 0.01), max (p < 0.01)
- Results imply breed-associated HU variation, not necessarily pathologic sclerosis
- Relevance: Important to avoid false positives for elbow dysplasia during CT-based breeding screens
- Good interobserver agreement for mean HU values (ICC ~0.82–0.90)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Comparison of Hounsfield Units within the Humeral Trochlea and Medial Coronoid Process in a Population of Labrador X Golden Retriever Guide Dogs and Border Collies
2024-3-VCOT-ellis-1
In Thibault 2023 et al., on DPO for THR luxation, what major limitation of DPO was discussed compared to TPO?
2023-8-VS-thibault-5
In Filho 2024 et al., what did %BW distribution analysis reveal in dogs with forelimb amputations?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 39 dogs (mostly post-trauma) with either forelimb or hindlimb amputations (high vs low)
- No significant difference in %BW distribution between high vs low forelimb amputations
- In hindlimb amputees:
- High amputations → more overload on contralateral hindlimb (p = 0.01)
- Low amputations → more even load split, slight preference for contralateral hindlimb and ipsilateral forelimb
- Values derived from pressure-sensitive walkway confirmed with statistical significance
- Useful implications for prosthesis selection and rehabilitation planning
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
4
2024
Gait Analysis of Amputee Dogs Using a Pressure-Sensitive Walkway
2024-4-VCOT-filho-2
In Israel 2023 et al., on povidone-iodine lavage, why was antibiotic addition to the lavage not used or recommended?
🔍 Key Findings
- No infections (0/102) occurred in cases where preclosure povidone-iodine lavage (PrePIL) was used, compared to 21/2111 (0.99%) with saline lavage.
- Break-even cost for PrePIL was calculated at $49.74, while the actual cost was only $2.07, confirming strong cost-effectiveness.
- No adverse reactions or healing complications were reported in the 102 PrePIL cases.
- The PrePIL protocol used 0.35% povidone-iodine for 3 minutes before closure, followed by sterile saline lavage.
- Majority of THRs (97%) used cementless fixation (BFX) in PrePIL group; only 3 cases used CFX components.
- Surgeries followed consistent perioperative antibiotic protocols, making PrePIL the only major protocol variable.
- Antibiotics were not added to lavage, aligning with WHO and CDC guidelines for antimicrobial stewardship.
- The infection reduction with PrePIL supports routine use in total hip replacement to reduce periprosthetic joint infections.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Preclosure povidone‐iodine lavage in total hip replacement surgery: Infection outcomes and cost–benefit analysis
2023-1-VS-israel-5
In Glenn 2024 et al., on client-based SSI surveillance, which of the following statements best describes Algorithm 1?
🔍 Key Findings
- Algorithm 3 had the highest overall accuracy (95.5%) in diagnosing SSIs from client questionnaires.
- Active surveillance identified 19.4% more SSIs compared to passive surveillance alone.
- SSI rate was 8.22% across 754 surgeries; 33.9% of SSIs required revision surgery.
- Client-based responses were 37.9% more frequent than those from referring veterinarians.
- Deep/implant SSIs could be missed if not associated with visible wound healing problems.
- Two late SSIs (after 90 days) occurred, both linked to implant surgeries.
- Algorithm 1 was the most sensitive (87.1%) but less specific; useful for screening.
- Algorithm 2 had the highest specificity (97.9%); useful as a “rule-in” diagnostic method.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Evaluation of a client questionnaire at diagnosing surgical site infections in an active surveillance system
2024-8-VS-glenn-3
In Johnson 2022 et al., on PET implant outcomes, what percentage of implants remained fully intact and functional at 6 months postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- Only 2 of 10 PET implants were fully intact and functional at 6 months post-op.
- Owner-reported function (LOAD scores) improved by 51.7% (p = .008) over 6 months.
- Gait asymmetry improved by 86% (p = .002) postoperatively.
- Implant failure occurred in the midbody of the PET device, suggesting fatigue as a failure mechanism.
- One dog (10%) developed implant infection, necessitating implant removal.
- Implant fixation method (screws + washers + interference screw) was mechanically adequate and technically simple.
- Partially intact implants (4/10) still showed improved clinical outcomes, despite structural compromise.
- Midbody tearing and lack of long-term integrity prohibit continued use of this PET implant in CCL repair.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Outcome of cranial cruciate ligament replacement with an enhanced polyethylene terephthalate implant in the dog: A pilot clinical trial
2022-8-VS-johnson-1
In Oramas 2025 et al., on laparoscopic liver lobectomy, what was the main advantage of the intrathoracic transdiaphragmatic trocar (ITT)?
🔍 Key Findings
- 13 cadaver dogs underwent laparoscopic right lateral liver lobectomy in sternal recumbency using a transdiaphragmatic intrathoracic trocar (ITT).
- All lobectomies were successful, regardless of dog size.
- Median total surgical time: 35.5 min; median lobectomy time: 18.5 min.
- ITT port enhanced visualization and access to hilus.
- No correlation between body weight and hilus access (p = .78).
- Stronger correlation between liver lobe weight and lobectomy time (r = .73, p = .004).
- Complication in 3/13 cases: Loss of insufflation due to balloon-tip port failure and pneumothorax.
- Recommendation: Use a new balloon trocar per case in clinical applications to prevent failure.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Evaluation of sternal recumbency for laparoscopic right lateral liver lobectomy through a transdiaphragmatic port in a canine cadaveric population
2025-4-VS-oramas-1
In Anderson 2023 et al., on French Bulldogs with humeral condylar fractures, what fixation method was associated with the highest risk of major complications in French Bulldogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Lateral humeral condylar fractures (LHCF) were most common, comprising 63.6% of cases.
- Transcondylar screw (TCS) + K-wire(s) fixation had a 7.62x higher risk of major complications compared to other methods (p = .009).
- All cases of TCS migration occurred in the TCS + K-wire group; none occurred with plate fixation.
- Overall complication rate was 40.9%, with 29.5% being major and requiring intervention.
- Contralateral humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) were found in 58.1% of French Bulldogs with CT data.
- No significant association between age and presence of HIF, but fissure length increased with age (R = 0.47, p = .048).
- Younger, lighter dogs had higher complication and screw migration rates, possibly due to softer bone and smaller condyles.
- TCS + plate fixation had the lowest complication rate, suggesting biomechanical superiority.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Humeral condylar fractures and fissures in the French bulldog
2023-1-VS-anderson-2
In Clarke 2022 et al., on nasopharyngeal collapse severity, which diagnostic modality was used to quantify pharyngeal collapse in awake dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Nasopharyngeal collapse was significantly more severe in brachycephalic dogs (median 65%) than in nonbrachycephalic controls (median 10%) (p = .0001).
- Postoperative fluoroscopy showed no significant improvement in nasopharyngeal collapse (p = .0505), despite reported clinical improvement.
- 70% of brachycephalic dogs had ≥50% collapse; 26% had 100% collapse preoperatively.
- All owners of surgical cases reported clinical improvement, including reduced respiratory noise and improved exercise tolerance.
- Surgical techniques used included combinations of alaplasty, staphylectomy, sacculectomy, and tonsillectomy.
- Improvement in nasopharyngeal dimensions was variable, with some dogs improving ≥45%, some worsening, and one dog showing a 100% increase post-op.
- Pharyngeal collapse may not be solely anatomical; neuromuscular dysfunction (e.g., reduced pharyngeal dilator muscle function) may contribute.
- Current surgical techniques may not address functional airway abnormalities, suggesting a need for multimodal or targeted interventions.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Severity of nasopharyngeal collapse before and after corrective upper airway surgery in brachycephalic dogs
2022-6-VS-clarke-2
Quiz Results
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Key Findings