Your Custom Quiz
In Adair 2023 et al., on PCCLm vs. open cystotomy, what was a statistically significant long-term difference in outcomes?
🔍 Key Findings
- PCCLm resulted in significantly fewer postoperative lower urinary tract signs compared to OC (13.0% vs 60.9%, p <.001).
- Incomplete urolith removal was not significantly different between PCCLm and OC (11.4% vs 20%, p = .112).
- PCCLm had significantly shorter anesthesia times than OC when no concurrent procedures were performed (97.5 vs 120 min, p < .001).
- Surgical site infection/inflammation (SSII) rates were low and not significantly different between groups (4.5% PCCLm vs 1.8% OC).
- Dogs undergoing PCCLm were more frequently discharged same-day (84.7% vs 0% in OC), reflecting faster recovery.
- PCCLm had higher intraoperative complication rates (22.1% vs 3.4%), mostly due to incision extension or conversions.
- Time to additional surgery for urolith recurrence was longer in PCCLm dogs (24 vs 11.5 months, p = .004).
- Calcium oxalate uroliths were more prevalent in PCCLm cases, while OC had more struvite or mixed types.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Retrospective comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and traditional open cystotomy (OC) in dogs: 218 cases (2010–2019)
2023-7-VS-adair-5
In Espinel Rupérez 2023 et al., in Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization in cats, what was the most challenging intraoperative step during AA-HTS in cats?
🔍 Key Findings
- 14 joints from 7 cat cadavers underwent AA-HTS successfully.
- Median surgical time: 46.5 min (29–144), including 7 min for arthroscopy and 40 min for toggle placement.
- Intraoperative complications in 5/14 joints: 4 related to femoral tunnel creation, 1 toggle lodging.
- Toggle passage through femoral tunnel was the most challenging step, mildly difficult in 6 joints.
- Cartilage injury occurred in 10 joints, but all were minor (<10% of cartilage area).
- 13 deviations from planned technique were identified (8 major, 5 minor), all involving femoral tunnel placement.
- No neurovascular, intrapelvic, or major periarticular injuries occurred.
- Authors conclude: AA-HTS is feasible in cats, but associated with high rates of minor iatrogenic cartilage damage, intra-op complications, and technique deviations.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization in cats: An ex vivo feasibility study
2023-7-VS-espinel-1
In Boone 2026 et al., on feline urolith surgery, what postoperative advantage was observed in cats undergoing modified percutaneous cystolithotomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) resulted in significantly shorter skin incisions and hospitalization duration compared with open cystotomy (OC) (p=.002 and p=.031, respectively).
- PCCLm cats had fewer immediate postoperative lower urinary tract signs and were more often asymptomatic postoperatively than OC cats (p=.046 and p=.006).
- Rates of incomplete urolith removal were similar between PCCLm and OC, indicating no clear advantage in stone clearance for either technique.
- No PCCLm procedures required conversion to open surgery, demonstrating technical feasibility in cats.
- Clinical urolith recurrence rates were low and similar between PCCLm (10.5%) and OC (8.6%).
- In PCCLm, incomplete stone removal was associated with longer anesthesia time, longer hospitalization, larger incision length, and postoperative LUTS.
- In OC, incomplete stone removal was associated with longer surgery time and obstructed/distended bladders at presentation.
- PCCLm is an acceptable minimally invasive alternative to OC, although it did not reduce surgical site infection rates or incomplete stone removal.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2026
Outcomes and comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy and traditional open cystotomy in 52 cats
2026-4-vs-boone-2
In Farrugia 2025 et al., on BODPUO location effects, what impact did initial proximal ulna angle (IPUA) have on surgical outcome?
🔍 Key Findings
- Proximal BODPUOs (closer to 26–28% of ulna length) resulted in greater increases in proximal ulna tilt postoperatively (up to 18°).
- Distal osteotomies (closer to 48–49%) yielded minimal change in ulna angle.
- Strong linear relationship between osteotomy location and change in angle; correlation coefficient = 0.73.
- Initial proximal ulna angle (IPUA) influences results—angles closer to 90° yielded greater changes.
- Craniocaudal osteotomy angle had minimal impact on tilt change after adjusting for location.
- Osteotomy length had no significant effect on change in angle.
- Prediction intervals showed wide individual variation in outcomes, especially with more proximal osteotomies.
- No increase in complications was associated with more proximal osteotomies, contrary to past assumptions.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Bi-oblique dynamic proximal ulna osteotomy: Effect of location on change in angle of the proximal ulna segment
2025-6-VS-farrugia-3
In García 2025 et al., on TIAS shunt confirmation, which imaging method was NOT required during the procedure?
🔍 Key Findings
- 40 dogs with congenital EHPSS were surgically treated using intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline (TIAS) to assess full temporary occlusion.
- TIAS was successful in 38/40 dogs; the remaining 2 had additional shunting vessels not originally seen and required further identification/ligation.
- No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred.
- TIAS allowed real-time confirmation of attenuation success using ultrasound-visible microbubbles.
- Median postoperative bile acids were 5 μmol/L (preprandial) and 25 μmol/L (postprandial).
- Long-term outcomes: 29/39 dogs had excellent, 10/39 had good outcomes; 3 dogs died unrelated to EHPSS.
- Technique is presented as a safe, quick, low-cost, accessible intraoperative assessment alternative to IOMP or SP.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
Use of intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline to confirm temporary full attenuation of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs
2025-2-VS-garcia-4
In Sandoval 2024 et al., on lung lobectomy technique outcomes, what was the survival to discharge rate across all cases?
🔍 Key Findings
- Intra- and postoperative complications occurred only in stapled lobectomies, but the difference was not statistically significant (intra: p = .069, post: p = .112).
- Intraoperative hemorrhage was the most common complication (11.8%), followed by air leakage (2%).
- All self-ligating loop (SLL) lobectomies had zero complications (n=18), though the sample was small.
- Postoperative complications included 4 catastrophic events (cardiopulmonary arrest), all in stapled cases.
- Lung lobectomy technique was not associated with duration of chest tube use, hospitalization, or survival (p > .05).
- 94.3% of patients survived to discharge (82/87).
- SLLs are lower-cost and may be more feasible for thoracoscopic/minimally invasive approaches due to smaller port size (5mm vs. 12mm for staplers).
- A future superiority study would need ≥103 lobectomies per group to assess differences in complication rates.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Short‐term outcomes of dogs and cats undergoing lung lobectomy using either a self-ligating loop or a thoracoabdominal stapler
2024-7-VS-sandoval-4
In Bayrakdarian 2026 et al., on feline skin perfusion, what was the primary limitation regarding postoperative complication assessment?
🔍 Key Findings
- A within-animal randomized controlled trial was performed in 32 adult cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, allowing direct comparison of two intradermal skin-closure patterns in the same incision.
- Each 4-cm ventral midline incision was divided into cranial and caudal halves, randomly assigned to either a modified Allgower-Donati (mAD) intradermal pattern or a standard intradermal horizontal mattress pattern (SP).
- The modified Allgower-Donati pattern significantly increased wound-edge perfusion, whereas the standard intradermal horizontal mattress pattern decreased perfusion.
- Mean perfusion change was +59.7 ± 124.1 BPU with mAD versus −20.2 ± 119.9 BPU with SP (p < .01), demonstrating improved acute microcirculation with the mAD technique.
- Relative perfusion increased by 115.3% with mAD but decreased by 24.1% with SP, reinforcing the perfusion advantage of the modified pattern.
- The critical technical difference was suture bite orientation: mAD placed dermal bites perpendicular (90°) to the incision, while the standard pattern placed bites parallel and close to the wound edge.
- Both techniques used buried continuous intradermal closure with 4-0 poliglecaprone, maintaining the cosmetic and patient-comfort advantages of intradermal suturing.
- No incisional complications were reported within 30 days, although follow-up relied on re-presentation rather than scheduled examination, limiting detection of minor complications.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2026
Comparison of the effect on blood flow of two intradermal suture patterns in feline skin: A within animal randomized controlled trial
2026-2-vs-bayrakdarian-5
In Young 2023 et al., on minimally invasive parathyroidectomy, what was the most common location of affected parathyroid glands identified on ultrasound?
🔍 Key Findings
- Short-term resolution of hypercalcemia occurred in 97.8% (44/45) of dogs.
- Long-term cure rate was 93.3%, comparable to traditional bilateral neck exploration.
- Postoperative hypocalcemia was observed in only 15.6%, which is lower than traditional approaches (36–63.8%).
- Permanent hypocalcemia occurred in 4.4%, requiring lifelong calcitriol supplementation.
- Minimally invasive approach had median surgical times of 26 min (unilateral) and 45.5 min (bilateral).
- Most lesions were adenomas (54.8%), followed by hyperplasia (27.4%) and carcinomas (3.2%).
- Ultrasound identified 98.4% (61/62) of abnormal glands, supporting it as the preferred imaging modality.
- One death due to non-compliance with calcitriol, emphasizing importance of postoperative management.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Surgical description and outcome of ultrasound‐guided minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in 50 dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism
2023-1-VS-young-3
In Cortina 2023 et al., on modified TTT outcomes for MPL in dogs, what was the owner-reported satisfaction rate from long-term follow-up surveys?
🔍 Key Findings
- m-TTT yielded a low overall major complication rate (4.3%) and minor complication rate of 15%, consistent with or better than previous techniques.
- Patellar reluxation occurred in only 4.3% of stifles, with high-grade reluxation seen in just 0.6% of cases—lower than the 12.4–21% range reported for other techniques.
- Implant migration rate was 3.7%, lower than previously reported for smooth pin fixation (7.7–24.6%).
- Use of a tension band with single Steinmann and Kirschner wire reduced stress risers and fixation failure, supporting better stability.
- Tibial tuberosity fracture occurred in only 1.3% of cases, lower than the 1–6% seen in other reports.
- All long-term major complications (1.3%) were related to pin migration, but were easily resolved.
- Radiographic follow-up confirmed complete bone healing in all examined cases, even up to 9 years postoperatively.
- Owner satisfaction was 100%, and 95% rated quality of life as good to excellent based on CBPI surveys.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Outcomes and complications of a modified tibial tuberosity transposition technique in the treatment of medial patellar luxation in dogs
2023-5-VS-cortina-5
In Suematsu 2026 et al., on W-shaped tracheal collapse, what was the approximate odds ratio for preoperative oxygen support in WTC compared to TTC dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Dogs with W-shaped tracheal collapse (WTC) had significantly more stridor and labored breathing preoperatively than those with traditional collapse (TTC) (p < .0001 and p = .0419).
- WTC dogs were 12.1× more likely to require preoperative oxygen support than TTC dogs.
- All dogs (TTC and WTC) survived to discharge after CETP placement; no intraoperative deaths occurred.
- Postoperative laryngeal paralysis occurred in 5 dogs (7.2%), with similar rates between TTC and WTC groups.
- Recurrent tracheal collapse occurred in 3 dogs (1 TTC, 2 WTC), all requiring additional stenting.
- 36-month survival was 75.7% (TTC) and 90.9% (WTC), not statistically different.
- Multivariate analysis showed Yorkshire Terriers (HR = 19.3) and older age (HR = 1.35 per year) were significantly associated with reduced survival.
- CETP was safe and effective for WTC, despite more severe preoperative signs, offering a viable alternative to stenting.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Long‐term outcomes of dogs with W‐shaped or traditional tracheal collapse treated with a continuous extraluminal tracheal prosthesis: A retrospective study
2026-1-vs-suematsu-2
Quiz Results
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Key Findings