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In Adams 2022 et al., on C-section survival rates, which factor was most strongly associated with improved neonatal survival?
🔍 Key Findings
- Neonatal survival to discharge was 93.1% overall, with no significant difference between brachycephalic (94.8%) and nonbrachycephalic (91.8%) breeds.
- Elective C-section significantly improved neonatal survival (99.2%) compared to emergency C-section (87.1%) (p < .001).
- Larger C-section litter size was positively associated with survival (p = .004; OR 1.57), whereas total litter size had no effect.
- Maternal heart rate and stage of labor were associated with neonatal mortality in univariable analysis, but not multivariable.
- Brachycephalism alone was not a risk factor for neonatal mortality (p = .221) in multivariable analysis.
- Emergency C-section was the strongest predictor of neonatal mortality (OR 4.75), regardless of breed.
- Multidisciplinary team approach likely contributed to high survival rates, emphasizing importance of coordinated care.
- Historical factors such as primiparity and maternal age were not associated with mortality in this cohort.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Risk factors for neonatal mortality prior to hospital discharge in brachycephalic and nonbrachycephalic dogs undergoing cesarean section
2022-7-VS-adams-2
In Moreira 2024 et al., what was the approximate mean prediction error for the proximal-centered wedge technique?
2024-1-VS-moreira-2
In Devriendt 2022 et al., on EHPSS blood testing, what was a noted **limitation** of the SHA test in clinical practice?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fasting ammonia (FA) was the most specific test (100%) for confirming EHPSS closure postoperatively.
- Serum hyaluronic acid (SHA) and MEGX at 15 minutes post-lidocaine were the most sensitive tests (96.9% and 96.2%, respectively).
- SHA combined with MEGX T15, or with FA or postprandial serum bile acids (SBA), provided 100% sensitivity with good specificity (72.4–82.8%).
- SHA levels remained elevated in all dogs with persistent shunting, even when other tests were normal.
- Paired SBA had moderate sensitivity (90%) and variable specificity (89%).
- The L/MEGX test at 30 min was less useful than at 15 min for assessing closure.
- Traditional SBA testing showed reduced utility postoperatively; normal values did not rule out persistent shunting.
- Blood tests improved when combined, but imaging remains essential to definitively confirm EHPSS closure.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Evaluation of different blood tests in dogs with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts to assess shunt closure after surgical treatment
2022-7-VS-devriendt-5
In Veytsman 2023 et al., on feline insulinoma outcomes, which of the following was NOT a negative prognostic factor?
🔍 Key Findings
- Surgical excision of insulinomas resulted in euglycemia or hyperglycemia in 90% of cats immediately post-op.
- 18/20 cats (90%) survived to hospital discharge, with a median survival time of 863 days.
- Younger age, metastasis at surgery, tumor invasion, and lower glucose levels were negative prognostic factors.
- Two cats had stage III disease with metastasis; one lived 413 days post-op, suggesting some benefit to surgery even in advanced disease.
- Postoperative hypoglycemia and seizure activity were associated with poorer outcomes; one cat euthanized due to seizures despite euglycemia.
- Median disease-free interval (DFI) was 1052 days; for cats with metastasis, DFI dropped to 93 days.
- Partial pancreatectomy was performed in 11 cats, nodulectomy in 10, and enucleation in 1; method of resection not linked to outcome.
- Postoperative complications occurred in 25% of cats; most were manageable with supportive care.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Retrospective study of 20 cats surgically treated for insulinoma
2023-1-VS-veytsman-2
In Price 2024 et al., on left-sided TD ligation in dogs, how many clinical cases showed a single thoracic duct branch at the proposed surgical site?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left fourth intercostal thoracotomy allowed successful thoracic duct (TD) ligation in 9/10 canine cadavers.
- 10/13 clinical cases had a single TD branch at the left fourth intercostal space, indicating lower anatomical complexity.
- All TD branches at this site were lateral to the esophagus, simplifying surgical access.
- Unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy was successfully performed via the same incision in 10/10 cadavers.
- Fewer TD branches at the fourth intercostal space than traditional caudal sites may reduce the risk of missed collaterals.
- In contrast, traditional caudal TD ligation sites had up to 5 branches, requiring broader dissection.
- No cadaver had right-sided TD branches, reducing surgical complexity at the studied location.
- Contrast-confirmed ligation was effective in 90% (9/10) cadavers on CT imaging.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Evaluation of thoracic duct ligation and unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy via a left fourth intercostal approach in normal canine cadavers
2024-3-VS-price-4
In Planchamp 2022 et al., on imaging-based AAI diagnosis, which measurement best differentiated potentially unstable dogs from AAI-affected dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ventral Compression Index (VCI) ≥0.16 (extension) or ≥0.2 (flexion) was diagnostic for AAI with 100% sensitivity and >94% specificity
- VCI had the highest diagnostic accuracy among all measured variables (AUC > 0.99)
- C1-C2 overlap ≤2.7 mm (extension) or ≤1.8 mm (flexion) also diagnostic for AAI (sensitivity 84–96%, specificity 81–90%)
- C1-C2 angle ≥176.9° (extension) or ≥187.4° (flexion) had high sensitivity and specificity (~95%)
- Basion-dens interval ≥5.9 mm (extension) or ≥3.0 mm (flexion) provided moderate diagnostic accuracy
- Cranial translation ratio (CTR) ≥0.18 classified dogs as potentially unstable (sensitivity 90%, specificity 78%)
- VCI ≥0.23 reliably differentiated AAI from potentially unstable cases (sensitivity 94%, specificity 94%)
- DALR ≤0.24 had high specificity (100%) but low sensitivity for AAI diagnosis
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Determination of cutoff values on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability in small-breed dogs
2022-4-VS-planchamp-3
In Chan 2025 et al., on partial cuneiformectomy in BOAS dogs, how did hospitalization duration compare between PC and non-PC groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- Partial cuneiformectomy (PC) did not increase complication rates compared to multilevel surgery alone (overall complications: PC = 16.3%, non-PC = 19.4%; p = .758).
- Major complication rates were not significantly different (PC = 11.6%, non-PC = 7.4%; p = .482).
- Significant improvement in BOAS grade was observed in dogs undergoing PC (p < .0001).
- BOAS index improved significantly in both groups, with greater median reduction in the PC group (28.5%) than non-PC (20.7%) (p < .0001).
- Low body condition score (BCS <4) was significantly associated with higher complication rates (odds ratio = 0.452; p = .004).
- Hospitalization duration did not differ between groups (median = 1 day; p = .743).
- Mortality was low (3.5%) in the PC group despite more severe airway disease, suggesting the technique is safe even in advanced collapse.
- The technique widened the rima glottidis without damaging surrounding structures, reducing airflow resistance and preserving laryngeal function.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Complication rate and outcomes of laryngeal cuneiformectomy in dogs with advanced laryngeal collapse
2025-6-VS-chan-5
In Zab 2026 et al., on THA stem templating, what clinical recommendation was made when traditional hip-extended radiographs cannot be reliably obtained?
🔍 Key Findings
- Hip-flexed and hip-extended radiographs produced significantly different femoral stem template sizes, confirming the techniques are not interchangeable (p < .0001).
- Hip-extended templating underestimated implanted stem size (mean difference −0.54), whereas hip-flexed templating overestimated implanted size (mean difference +0.30).
- Neither radiographic method consistently predicted the actual implanted femoral stem, emphasizing the importance of intraoperative assessment.
- Flexed projections generated larger template sizes (median stem size 9) than extended projections (median stem size 8).
- Canal flare index (CFI) was significantly higher on flexed views (1.89 vs 1.61; p < .0001), reducing apparent "stovepipe" morphology.
- 88% of extended projections were classified as stovepipe femora versus 44% of flexed projections (p = .0027), suggesting substantial projection-related morphologic distortion.
- Femoral length appeared significantly longer on flexed radiographs (204.8 mm vs 189.3 mm; p < .001), supporting the presence of foreshortening on extended views.
- Hip-flexed radiographs may be a practical alternative when hip extension is not possible, especially in severe OA, but implant selection should remain guided by intraoperative findings.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2026
Comparison of canine femoral implant templating for total hip arthroplasty on 25 sets of craniocaudal extended and caudocranial flexed hip radiographs
2026-4-vs-zab-5
In Miller 2024 et al., on staple vs. hand-sewn feline GI techniques, what was the most common location of leakage for skin staple enterotomy (SSE)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Skin staple anastomosis (SSA) had comparable leak pressures to hand-sewn anastomosis (HSA) but required half the time to complete.
- Skin staple enterotomy (SSE) had significantly lower leak pressures than hand-sewn enterotomy (HSE) and failed in 12/20 constructs during pressure testing.
- HSE constructs took 8× longer to complete than SSE, but had much higher intraluminal pressure tolerance.
- All SSE constructs leaked from the center, with 35% leaking immediately and 60% showing catastrophic failure.
- SSA leakage occurred at the center in 40% of constructs, likely due to a learning curve in early samples.
- All constructs had higher pressures than normal physiologic intestinal pressure (4.0 mmHg ±2.0), except some SSEs with immediate leaks.
- Authors recommend SSA as a viable alternative with appropriate training but do not recommend SSE using the tested technique in live cats.
- Staple size and placement technique are key factors; smaller or more precisely placed staples may reduce leak risk.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Performance time and leak pressure of hand-sewn and skin staple intestinal anastomoses and enterotomies in cadaveric cats
2024-4-VS-miller-2
In Bounds 2023 et al., on feline hip arthroscopy, which statement best describes feasibility of hip arthroscopy in cats with DJD?
2023-8-VS-bounds-5
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Key Findings