Quiz Question
In Walker 2022 et al., on TPLO mRUST scoring, what effect did bilateral cruciate ligament injury have on healing between staged TPLOs?
🔍 Key Findings
- TPLO mRUST scoring showed improved inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.56) compared to subjective evaluation (Kappa = 0.33).
- Intra-rater reliability was similar for both methods (TPLO mRUST: 0.73, subjective: 0.72).
- TPLO mRUST scores ≥10/12 strongly correlated with radiographic union, as subjectively assessed (99% agreement).
- No significant difference in healing between first and second TPLO sides (P = .09), countering assumptions about load-bearing impact.
- Higher initial lameness scores and younger age were associated with higher TPLO mRUST scores, suggesting more robust healing in those groups.
- Postoperative complications were linked to lower TPLO mRUST scores, indicating impaired healing.
- Medial cortex was excluded from scoring due to plate obstruction, validating use of only 3 cortices for scoring.
- The TPLO mRUST system may standardize healing assessment, reducing subjective bias across specialties.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Evaluation of a modified radiographic union scale for tibial fractures scoring system in staged bilateral tibial plateau leveling osteotomy procedures and comparison of first and second side radiographic bone healing
2022-8-VS-walker-4
In Foster 2026 et al., on right hepatic lobectomy, what was the reported median survival time (MST) for dogs diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma?
🔍 Key Findings
- Perioperative mortality rate was low (2.9%), with no intraoperative deaths reported.
- Intraoperative complications occurred in 54.3% of dogs, most commonly hemorrhage and cardiovascular events.
- 21% of dogs required blood transfusions, though transfusion was not associated with higher complication risk.
- Advanced hemodynamic support (fluid + cardiovascular) was significantly associated with short-term complications (OR 17.3, p = .029) and shorter survival.
- No surgical method (e.g., TA stapler, vessel sealing device, hilar resection) was associated with increased risk of complications.
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the most common diagnosis (53%), with an MST of 741 days and 17.6% recurrence.
- Surgical margins (complete vs incomplete) were not associated with overall survival time in dogs with HCC.
- The use of preoperative CT and improved surgical instrumentation may have contributed to the lower observed mortality.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Outcomes and prognostic variables associated with right divisional hepatic lobectomies in 70 dogs
2026-1-VS-foster-3
In Quitzan 2022 et al., on staple line configuration, which FEESA variation did *not* significantly increase ILP compared to 2V/2T?
🔍 Key Findings
- All FEESA configurations leaked at lower pressures than intact segments, confirming reduced integrity vs. native tissue.
- FEESA with 3-row transverse staples (3V/3T or 2V/3T) had significantly higher leak pressures than 2-row configurations.
- 3V/3T configuration had the highest ILP (69.88 ± 21.23 mmHg) among all groups, significantly greater than 2V/2T and 3V/2T (P < .001).
- Leakage consistently occurred at the transverse staple line (not vertical), regardless of configuration.
- No significant difference in maximum intraluminal pressure (MIP) between FEESA groups.
- All FEESA constructs withstood intraluminal pressures >25 mmHg, exceeding normal physiological jejunal pressure in dogs.
- No leaks occurred from the vertical staple line, highlighting it as a more robust closure site.
- Third staple row in transverse line may be a viable alternative to suture oversew, pending further clinical evaluation.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Influence of staple line number and configuration on the leakage of small intestinal functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis: An ex vivo study
2022-5-VS-quitzan-4
In Parker 2023 et al., on Locoregional analgesia in TPLO, which variable was significantly associated with increased preference for lumbosacral epidural (LE) over PNB?
🔍 Key Findings
- Peripheral nerve block (PNB) was preferred by 79% of anesthesiologists; lumbosacral epidural (LE) by 21%; PI <1%.
- Time since board-certification significantly influenced preference: PNB favored by newer diplomates, LE favored by more senior ones (p < .001).
- Employment sector mattered: PNB was preferred more in private practice, LE more in academia (p = .003).
- PNB perceived as more effective, with 78% reporting 81–100% effectiveness; compared to 55% for LE.
- PNB associated with fewer adverse effects (75%) than LE (4%) and PI (21%).
- PNB required less rescue analgesia intraoperatively (57%) and postoperatively (54%) than LE or PI.
- LE preferred for bilateral TPLOs and in smaller dogs; PNB for larger dogs, due to motor function preservation.
- Dexmedetomidine was the most common additive to PNB; bupivacaine-only was most used for PNB.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Pelvic limb anesthesia and analgesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO): A survey of board-certified anesthesiologists
2023-4-VS-parker-2
In Hawker 2024 et al., on checklist attitudes, which group was most often reported as noncompliant with SSC use?
🔍 Key Findings
- 67.9% of respondents reported using SSCs, with most indicating frequent use (64% used in every surgery).
- 78.7% agreed SSCs reduce complications, and 89.6% believed SSCs improve communication.
- Respondents not using SSCs were more likely to view them as a waste of time (p < .001).
- Forgetfulness (39.6%) and time constraints (36.5%) were leading reasons for checklist noncompletion.
- Only 23.3% had SSC training during surgical residency, with newer diplomates more likely to have had exposure (p < .001).
- Key strategies to improve uptake included: staff feedback modifications (67.9%), formal designation of initiator (48.6%), and training (52.2%).
- Surgeons and OR staff were most commonly identified as noncompliant team members.
- SSC use was more frequent in small animal practices, and mandating SSCs by management was favored but not always effective alone.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Attitudes towards surgical safety checklists among American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates
2024-5-VS-hawker-4
In Dobberstein 2024 et al., on liver biopsy forceps, what was concluded about diagnostic suitability of 3 mm samples?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subjects: 12 healthy colony cats, 68 total liver samples collected via laparoscopy
- Biopsy instruments: 3 mm vs 5 mm Storz Blakesley cup forceps
- Techniques: Twist (T), Pull (P), Twist + Pull (TP)
- Results:
- 5 mm forceps yielded significantly more hepatic lobules (mean 12.4 vs 4.9), portal triads (29.6 vs 19.0), weight, and histologic area (p < .01)
- T and P techniques yielded more portal triads and lobules than TP (p = .003 and p = .015)
- TP technique resulted in greater tissue crush vs T (p = .01)
- Good diagnostic agreement between 3 mm and 5 mm samples only with TP (κ = 0.75)
- All samples were of sufficient diagnostic quality, despite size or technique
- Clinical implication: Both 3 mm and 5 mm forceps are viable; further studies are needed to confirm diagnostic accuracy of 3 mm samples
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Comparison of the diagnostic yield of 3 and 5 mm laparoscopic liver biopsy forceps in cats
2024-2-VS-dobberstein-5
In Scharpf 2024 et al., what was the effect of autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) compared to placebo on postoperative outcome?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subtotal coronoidectomy improved vertical and propulsive forces, but braking forces remained subnormal at 26 weeks.
- No significant benefit was seen from ACP vs placebo at any timepoint across all force parameters or lameness scores.
- Force plate analysis was more sensitive than visual lameness scoring.
- Braking force (%FY+) was best at detecting persistent lameness, and SI < 0.9 persisted in most dogs at 26 weeks.
- Outcome less favorable than historically reported — challenges status of subtotal coronoidectomy as “gold standard” for MCD.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Assessment of Arthroscopic Subtotal Coronoidectomy in Treating Medial Coronoid Disease and Effect of Concurrent Autologous Conditioned Plasma in Dogs Using Force Plate Analysis
2024-2-VCOT-scharpf-2
In Ritson 2025 et al., on feline hilar lobectomy sealants, what **pressure level** was used as the endpoint for leak testing?
🔍 Key Findings
- No leakage occurred using pretied ligature loops (PLL) or double-shank (DS) titanium clips up to 40 cm H₂O airway pressure.
- 1/10 stapled lobes leaked at supraphysiologic pressure (40 cm H₂O), but this was not statistically significant (p = .33).
- All techniques sealed effectively under physiologic and supraphysiologic pressures in cadaveric feline lungs.
- PLL and DS clips required less working space than staplers, making them more practical for small thoracic cavities.
- DS titanium clips offer enhanced security due to dual shanks and tissue-gripping design, reducing clip slippage.
- Leak testing was cyclic and submerged, simulating physiologic ventilation and allowing robust evaluation.
- Stapling failure occurred along the staple line, highlighting risks of air leakage due to staple misalignment or poor hilar access.
- PLL and DS clips may be cost-effective and efficient alternatives for open or minimally invasive feline lung lobectomy.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Ex vivo comparative evaluation of feline hilar lung lobectomy using linear stapler, pretied ligature loop, and double-shank titanium clips
2025-7-VS-ritson-5
In Clough 2022 et al., on CBLO-TTT construct testing, which outcome best describes the load-to-failure comparison between CBLO-TTT and CBLO alone?
🔍 Key Findings
- Combined CBLO-TTT did not reduce load to failure compared to CBLO or TTT alone (P = .81 and P = .12, respectively).
- CBLO-TTT maintains construct strength without significant compromise compared to individual procedures.
- Most common failure mode in CBLO-TTT was displacement of the tibial crest segment with k-wire pullout and tension band untwisting.
- No fulcrum effect was seen in CBLO-TTT, unlike TPLO-TTT combinations, likely due to preservation of buttress effect.
- Patellar ligament avulsion occurred in both CBLO and CBLO-TTT, but not as a clinical concern — possibly artifact from cadaver model.
- Load-to-failure testing was static and unidirectional, not accounting for cyclic fatigue or in vivo healing.
- Plate size and saw blade variation were based on clinical realism, introducing potential variability but not affecting outcomes.
- Study suggests feasibility of simultaneous surgical correction of CCL rupture and MPL using CBLO-TTT in dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Combined center of rotation of angulation‐based leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transposition: An ex vivo mechanical study
2022-3-VS-clough-1
In Niida 2024 et al., on surgical residents and TPLO time, what was reported about osteotomy healing or union outcomes?
🔍 Key Findings
- Resident involvement significantly increased TPLO surgery duration compared to cases performed by faculty surgeons (FS)-only. Residents required 54% more surgery time (GLSM, 153 min) than FS-only cases (GLSM, 99 min), representing a 1.54-fold increase.
- The study did not report on short-term complication rates. No conclusions can be drawn from this source regarding complications between resident and faculty groups.
- Bone plate contouring was not evaluated. The source does not provide data regarding contouring frequency or its comparison between groups.
- Surgery duration significantly decreased after the first year of residency, but remained stable between second- and third-year residents. This was largely due to shorter tibial osteotomy durations, while arthroscopy times remained unchanged across residency years.
- Meniscal treatment was performed in 80% of cases, and it was associated with increased surgical duration, but the study did not compare the frequency of medial meniscal release between resident and faculty cases.
- The study did not evaluate osteotomy healing or revision surgery. Cases requiring immediate reoperation were excluded.
- Bone union outcomes were not assessed at 8 weeks or any other time point.
- The study concludes that resident participation significantly prolongs surgical time, but no data are provided regarding the effect on short-term clinical outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
The impact of surgery resident training on the duration of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and outcomes in dogs
2024-5-VS-niida-5
Quiz Results
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Key Findings