Quiz Question
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which technique resulted in the highest **initial leakage pressure** during FEESA in dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Augmenting FEESA with two simple interrupted crotch sutures (TCS) or simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS) significantly increased initial leakage pressure (ILP) compared to no suture or a single suture (NCS, SICS).
- SCCS had the highest ILP (47.6 mm Hg), followed by TCS (37.8 mm Hg), SICS (33.0 mm Hg), and NCS (27.1 mm Hg).
- All crotch suture types increased maximal leakage pressure (MLP) compared to no crotch suture.
- Leakage from the crotch occurred most commonly in NCS (67%) and SICS (50%), but only 8% with TCS and 0% with SCCS.
- SCCS was the only technique where leakage never occurred at the crotch site.
- SCCS had the highest MLP (100.6 mm Hg), supporting its use in clinical settings with high-risk patients.
- Intraluminal pressures during leakage in NCS constructs were sometimes below normal physiologic pressures, emphasizing risk of leakage without crotch suture.
- The transverse staple line never leaked in any group, indicating the crotch is the primary weak point.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Influence of crotch suture augmentation on leakage pressure and leakage location during functional end-to-end stapled anastomoses in dogs
2022-4-VS-duffy-1
In Violini 2024 et al., on 3D-guided spinal stabilization in brachycephalic dogs, what clinical finding was reported in 7 of 10 mid-term cases despite all being ambulatory?
🔍 Key Findings
- Spinal stabilization with 3D-printed patient-specific drill guides (3D-PSGs) was safe, with no immediate perioperative complications reported.
- 84% of pedicle screws were optimally placed, and only 0.5% breached the spinal canal, reflecting high placement accuracy.
- 80% of dogs experienced no neurologic deterioration postoperatively, indicating reliable short-term safety.
- 3D-PSGs were accurate and reproducible, even across multiple institutions and surgeons.
- Mid-term outcomes were favorable: all dogs were ambulatory, and 90% had static or improved neurologic signs.
- 7 of 10 mid-term follow-ups showed abnormal gait, though owners rated lifestyle ≥3/5, suggesting acceptable function.
- 3D-printed guides enabled precise pedicle screw placement in deformed vertebrae, expanding options in small breeds.
- One dog suffered a T4 spinous process fracture due to overextension of PMMA cement, emphasizing the need for cement placement caution.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Clinical outcomes of 20 brachycephalic dogs with thoracolumbar spinal deformities causing neurological signs treated with spinal stabilization using 3D-printed patient-specific drill guides
2024-4-VS-violini-4
In Carrera 2024 et al., what was the observed long-term effect on aLDFA and tibial torsion at 1-year postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 5 juvenile dogs (mean age 7.2 months) with grade III–IV MPL were treated surgically.
- Most had femoral varus + external tibial torsion; some had shallow trochlear grooves.
- Distal femoral osteotomy was performed in 4/5 dogs; Tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) in 3/5; Sulcoplasty in 2/5.
- Mean time to weight bearing: 9.8 ± 5.5 days; healing: 55 ± 24 days
- No reluxations, and final radiographic values for aLDFA and torsion were maintained at 1 year.
- One complication due to domestic trauma, not surgical failure.
- Early surgery appeared to preserve alignment and prevent deformity progression.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Early Surgical Management of Medial Patellar Luxation in Juvenile Dogs
2024-2-VCOT-carrera-4
In Radke 2022 et al., on outcome measure validation, what was the COSMIN justification for not assessing internal consistency in the LOAD instrument?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBPI, COI, and LOAD are recommended for assessing canine osteoarthritis based on COSMIN criteria.
- COI scored highest in development rigor and evidence quality among evaluated OROMs.
- Internal consistency, reliability, and responsiveness were commonly validated, though no OROMs reported measurement error.
- LOAD was considered formative, and internal consistency assessment was deemed unnecessary.
- CBPI and COI showed sufficient internal consistency, but CBPI’s factor structure was inconsistent across studies.
- All 6 evaluated OROMs (CBPI, COI, LOAD, BHSII, HCPI, HVAS) were quick to complete (under 5 min).
- Three tools—BHSII, HCPI, HVAS—need more evidence before recommendation; only CBPI, COI, and LOAD are Category A (recommended).
- Future studies should assess interpretability, including measurement error and clinically meaningful change scores (MIC, SDC).
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Evidence‐based evaluation of owner‐reported outcome measures for canine orthopedic care – a COSMIN evaluation of 6 instruments
2022-2-VS-radke-2
In Dekerle 2022 et al., on ectopic ureter correction, what was the **median duration of continence** after surgery in dogs that became continent?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cystoscopic-guided laser ablation (CLA) was associated with significantly fewer minor complications (13%) than neoureterostomy (100%) (P < .01)
- CLA resulted in significantly fewer recurrences of incontinence compared to neoureterostomy (0/7 vs 5/12; P < .05)
- 80% of dogs achieved continence within 1 month postoperatively, with a median continence score of 10
- Long-term continence was achieved in 88% of dogs, with or without adjunctive treatment, over a median of 66 months
- Major complications occurred in only 8% of dogs, and all were successfully managed with surgical revision
- Persistent ureteral remnants were seen only in neoureterostomy dogs, potentially contributing to incontinence recurrence
- All dogs with incontinence recurrence responded to medical treatment, while only 1/5 with persistent incontinence after surgery did
- CLA is recommended over open surgery for iEU correction, due to lower complication and recurrence rates
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Outcomes of 25 female dogs treated for ectopic ureters by open surgery or cystoscopic-guided laser ablation
2022-4-VS-dekerle-3
In Kang 2022 et al., on 3D scaffold reconstruction, what was the Hounsfield Unit (HU) measurement trend in the scaffold area over time?
🔍 Key Findings
- Patient-specific 3D-printed PCL/β-TCP scaffold enabled successful zygomatic arch reconstruction in a dog.
- Complete surgical resection of a zygomatic parosteal osteosarcoma was achieved, with a 0.3 mm histologically clean margin.
- Post-op imaging showed progressive tissue ingrowth into the scaffold, with Hounsfield Units increasing from 20.4 to 97.8 over 10 months.
- No complications (e.g., infection, displacement) or tumor recurrence were noted at 16-month follow-up.
- Use of a patient-specific osteotomy guide improved anatomical fit and facilitated precise excision and implant placement.
- Facial symmetry and orbital stability were maintained throughout follow-up.
- The scaffold remained structurally stable despite limited bone regeneration, suggesting connective tissue filled the defect.
- Topical mitomycin C was applied intraoperatively for possible anti-neoplastic effect, but efficacy remains unclear.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Zygomatic arch reconstruction with a patient-specific polycaprolactone beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffold after parosteal osteosarcoma resection in a dog
2022-8-VS-kang-4
In Picavet 2026 et al., on sesamoid displacement radiography, how frequently did cranial tibial subluxation persist after TPLO in dogs that had preoperative subluxation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Popliteal sesamoid displacement (PSD) was identified in 14.4% of dogs with CCLD on preoperative 90° flexion radiographs, indicating it is an uncommon but notable radiographic finding.
- Dogs with PSD had significantly greater cranial tibial subluxation (CTS) preoperatively compared with dogs without PSD.
- Popliteal sesamoid reduction occurred in 100% of cases after TPLO, suggesting that proper TPLO mechanics restore normal sesamoid position.
- Postoperative CTS persisted in all dogs that had preoperative CTS (50.3%), although the magnitude of subluxation was significantly reduced after TPLO.
- Osteotomy positioning (centered vs distally centered) did not significantly influence postoperative CTS, indicating residual translation is not strongly affected by osteotomy placement.
- Postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA) showed a weak negative correlation with residual CTS, suggesting lower TPAs may slightly reduce postoperative tibial translation.
- PSD appears to be associated with more pronounced stifle instability prior to surgery, serving as a radiographic indicator of more severe CCLD biomechanics.
- Radiographic evaluation of popliteal sesamoid reduction may provide an additional objective indicator of residual cranio-caudal instability following TPLO.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2026
Radiographic assessment of popliteal sesamoid position and cranial tibial subluxation in canine stifle joints undergoing TPLO: A retrospective study of 163 dogs
2026-2-vs-picavet-4
In Evers 2023 et al., on medial meniscal tear detection, what was concluded regarding the morbidity associated with needle arthroscopy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Needle arthroscopy (NA) had 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity for diagnosing medial meniscal tears in dogs with CCLR.
- NA missed 1 medial and 1 lateral meniscal tear, both nondisplaced and stable.
- Visibility of all meniscal horns was significantly lower with NA compared to standard arthroscopy (SA) (P < .005 for all horns).
- Probing the caudal horn of the lateral meniscus was significantly more difficult with NA (P = .0017), though medial horn probing was similar.
- Mean NA procedure time was 8 ± 3 minutes, significantly shorter than SA (15 ± 9 min, P = .0041).
- No increase in lameness observed after NA, indicating minimal procedural morbidity.
- NA was performed under sedation in most dogs, though 10/26 required additional chemical restraint or short anesthesia.
- NA was most accurate for displaced vertical longitudinal tears, with all 14 correctly identified; one stable tear and a lateral tear were missed.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Accuracy of needle arthroscopy for the diagnosis of medial meniscal tears in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture
2023-6-vs-evers-5
In Griffin 2025 et al., on SLN mapping with ICG, what was the histologic diagnosis of the pulmonary mass?
🔍 Key Findings
- Case: 9-year-old Labrador with a right caudal pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
- Technique: Peritumoral injection of indocyanine green (ICG) under VATS guidance, followed by near-infrared (NIR) imaging.
- SLN identified: Right tracheobronchial lymph node fluoresced and was safely extirpated.
- Histology: Grade 1 adenocarcinoma, pneumonia, reactive node.
- Outcome: Patient deteriorated and died on postoperative day 3 due to systemic complications (not linked to surgical technique).
- Clinical relevance: First clinical application of SLN mapping for canine pulmonary neoplasia; method feasible with open or minimally invasive approaches.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2025
Intraoperative sentinel lymph node mapping with indocyanine green via video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for primary pulmonary neoplasia in a dog
2025-1-VS-griffin-5
In Duffy 2022 et al., on barbed suture oversew, what was observed regarding leakage through **suture holes in barbed suture constructs**?
🔍 Key Findings
- Oversewing the transverse staple line using barbed suture showed no difference in initial (ILP) or maximum leakage pressure (MLP) compared to monofilament suture (p = .439 and .644).
- Barbed suture repairs were ~18% faster (25 seconds faster; p < .001) than monofilament suture.
- No difference was found between unidirectional and bidirectional barbed sutures in leakage resistance or repair time (p = .697).
- Mean ILP and MLP were significantly higher in control jejunal segments (6.6x and 5.1x greater respectively; p < .001).
- Leakage consistently occurred at the crotch of the FEESA in all oversew groups (>80%), not the staple line.
- All oversewn techniques leaked at supraphysiologic pressures, indicating clinical safety against in vivo leakage.
- No leakage was observed from barbed suture holes, addressing concerns of tissue trauma due to barb design.
- The study supports barbed suture as a viable alternative to conventional monofilament suture for FEESA oversew in dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Influence of barbed suture oversew of the transverse staple line during functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis in a canine jejunal enterectomy model
2022-5-VS-duffy-4
Quiz Results
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Key Findings