🔍 Key Findings

• 11 dogs, 13 fractures (mostly Salter-Harris type I) were repaired with FGPP using Kirschner wires.
• 10/13 fractures achieved satisfactory healing with good limb function at ~43 days median follow-up.
• Major complications occurred in 5 dogs: intra-articular pin placement, implant migration (2), implant failure with nonunion, and malunion.
• 2 dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with radiographic remodeling were poor candidates → higher risk of nonunion/malunion.
• Preoperative displacement was mostly mild (10/13 fractures); these had better outcomes than chronic or severely displaced cases.
• Median surgical time: 60 minutes (range 45–75), all performed percutaneously without conversion to open.
• Elective pin removal was performed in 5 cases; migration occurred with both short and long cut wires.
• Femoral neck resorption (“apple-coring”) was rare (2/10 healed cases) and thought to be less frequent than after ORIF due to reduced vascular disruption.

🔍 Key Findings

• No significant difference in infection-inflammation rates between single-layer Kraton drapes and traditional double-layer draping at both 21 days and 6 months postop.
• Infection-inflammation occurred in 4.56% (36/789) of cases; equally distributed across draping techniques.
• Tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) was the most common procedure (61%).
• Kraton drape features an elastic fenestration that seals without adhesives or towel clamps, offering ecological and workflow advantages.
• Mean anesthesia duration was similar between groups (~73.8 min), suggesting draping method did not impact overall surgical time.
• Culture confirmation of infection was low (14 dogs), showing reliance on clinical criteria for diagnosis.
• Potential benefits of single-layer draping include reduced waste, no need for towel clamps, and ease of use without increased risk.
• Limitations included subjective follow-up (nearly 30% indirect via phone/images) and antimicrobial usage in all cases.

🔍 Key Findings

• Ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy had the highest complication rates: intraoperative (7%) and postoperative (41%)
• Axillary lymphadenectomy showed the lowest complication rates: intraoperative (1%) and postoperative (16%)
• Enlarged or metastatic lymph nodes were significantly associated with intraoperative complications (p = .030)
• Postoperative complications were mostly minor (Grade 1) and self-limiting (seromas, edema)
• Medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy had intermediate complication rates: postoperative complications in 26%
• No significant predictors retained significance in multivariate analysis
• Use of methylene blue was associated with fewer complications, although not statistically significant
• Complication rates did not result in mortality, and all were manageable; MST was 374 days

🔍 Key Findings

• Oxley's modified CCWO did not achieve the target TPA of 5° in most cases, even with planning.
• Mean planned TPA was 7.6°, higher than target, and consistent across dog sizes.
• Postoperative TPAs were significantly higher in small dogs (median 7°) than in large dogs (median 4.5°).
• Distalization >7.5 mm of the osteotomy from the patellar tendon led to increased under-correction of TPA.
• Only dogs with preoperative TPA >35° achieved post-planning TPAs close to the 5° target.
• Postoperative osteotomy positions were generally more distal than recommended (8.6 mm median).
• Virtual plate fit was appropriate for all dogs at 5 mm or 7.5 mm positions, suggesting no need for excessive distalization.
• Excessive correction leading to negative TPAs occurred in some cases, risking caudal cruciate ligament strain.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 16 dogs (18 stifles) with CrCL rupture and TPA >34° were treated using the DCTPLO
• Mean TPA correction: from 39.4° to 6.3°
• Bone union at 60 days in 17/18 stifles; remaining healed by 90 days
• Minor complications (e.g., small wedge gaps) in 2/18 stifles — no major complications
• Patellar ligament thickening seen in 16/18 stifles but no clinical signs noted
• The technique enabled safer reduction with less risk of tibial crest fracture vs. conventional TPLO

🔍 Key Findings

• Double-loop cerclage resisted the highest peak load (805 N) and maintained tension longer than twist (488 N) and single-loop (397 N) configurations.
• Double-loop cerclage sustained 500,000 cycles at 60–80% of peak load in some cases without loosening, outperforming other types.
• Twist knots loosened rapidly, often within 10 cycles even at low loads (100–390 N).
• Single-loop knots performed better than twist, with partial resistance up to 100,000 cycles at 160 N, but showed wide variability.
• All loosening occurred before wire breakage, indicating clinical failure would happen from slack, not fracture.
• Double-loop cerclage had highest initial tension (323 N) compared to single-loop (124 N) and twist (69 N).
• Fatigue limit was not identified for twist, since they all loosened early at even 20% of peak load.
• Clinical recommendation: double-loop cerclage is best for resisting repeated subfailure loading, ideal for fissure prevention or fragment stabilization.

🔍 Key Findings

• Combined intramedullary (IM) pin and rhBMP-2 use resulted in a low complication rate (7.4%) after proximal ulnar osteotomy (PUO).
• Major complications occurred in 5.3% of cases (4 infections, 1 pin breakage with ulnar tilt requiring revision).
• Minor complications occurred in 2.1% of cases (seroma, delayed union).
• No cases of non-union were observed; 98.9% of limbs achieved radiographic healing by 6 weeks.
• IM pin breakage was noted in 11.8% of limbs but did not affect healing outcomes.
• Chondrodystrophic breeds made up 64.8% of the cohort and tolerated the procedure well.
• Compared to prior studies, complication rates were substantially reduced with this technique (prior major: 13.9%; this study: 5.3%).
• The use of rhBMP-2 likely enhanced early bone healing and provided biologic support, particularly important in breeds at higher risk of complications.

🔍 Key Findings

• Pre-ABHR hand preparation lowered CFUs at 120 minutes post-gloving compared to ABHR alone (P = .001)
• pH-neutral soap followed by ABHR outperformed ABHR alone despite being nonmedicated (P = .001)
• CHX and BAC prewashes showed better immediate CFU reduction post-preparation than pHN (P = .012)
• No significant difference in total log10 CFU reduction across all four groups over the full surgical period (P = .362)
• Glove perforation in the thumb was a significant contamination factor (P = .036)
• All dogs recovered without surgical site infections, though SSI incidence was not a primary outcome
• Neutralizer validation lacking, so CHX results interpreted cautiously
• Study supports a 1-minute hand wash with pH-neutral soap prior to ABHR as effective and safe

🔍 Key Findings

Source: Bush et al., 2023, Veterinary Surgery

• Median survival time (MST) after surgery was 1886 days, which is significantly longer than previously reported.
• Lymph node metastasis at surgery was a negative prognostic factor, reducing MST to 248 days (vs. 2340 days without nodal involvement).
• Local recurrence occurred in 42% of dogs, with a median disease-free interval (DFI) of 191 days.
• Metastatic disease occurred in 32% of dogs, most commonly to the lungs, with a median DFI of 299 days.
• Histologic features (e.g., margin status, capsular, lymphatic, or vascular invasion) were not significantly correlated with recurrence or metastasis.
• Facial nerve injury occurred in 9.7% perioperatively, especially after parotidectomy; intraoperative facial nerve transection led to long-term deficits.
• Adjuvant therapies (chemotherapy, radiation, NSAIDs) did not significantly affect survival time.
• Incisional biopsy was only 38% concordant with final excisional histology, suggesting limited reliability for definitive diagnosis.

🔍 Key Findings

• Postoperative Protein C (PC) activity increased in 78.7% of dogs, and was significantly higher in dogs with excellent clinical outcomes.
• Complete acute shunt occlusion resulted in higher postoperative PC activity (96.3%) and better ultimate clinical outcomes than incomplete occlusion.
• Preoperative PC was not predictive of clinical status, but postoperative PC was associated with improved outcomes.
• Standard biochemical markers (HCT, MCV, ALB, BUN) also improved postoperatively, especially in dogs with excellent clinical outcomes.
• Dogs requiring a second procedure had significantly lower postoperative PC (43.5%) than those not requiring further intervention (78.5%).
• Repeat procedures improved PC and BUN values, with PC increasing significantly after second intervention (to 69.8%).
• PC normalization (within reference interval) occurred in 87.5% of dogs with excellent clinical status, compared to only 12.5% in those with poor status.
• Clinical outcome classification (excellent/fair/poor) correlated with biochemical normalization and lack of need for diet/medications.