Quiz Question
In Otero Balda 2025 et al., on Short-term outcomes after feline cPSS surgery, what was the 30-day survival rate in cats that developed postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) after surgical attenuation of a single congenital portosystemic shunt?
🔍 Key Findings
- 78% of cats that developed postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) after congenital portosystemic shunt (cPSS) surgery survived to 30 days.
- Postattenuation seizures (PAS) were associated with significantly decreased 30-day survival (50% vs. 78%; OR: 0.015, p = .005).
- Treatment of PANS with propofol was a negative prognostic factor (OR: 0.112, p = .0008).
- Generalized PAS accounted for most seizure cases and were more frequently fatal than focal or unknown-type seizures.
- Pretreatment with levetiracetam (LEV1 protocol) showed a trend toward improved survival (100% vs. 60.6% in untreated cats), though not statistically significant (p = .06).
- Shunt morphology, method of attenuation, and study period (early vs. late) were not significantly associated with 30-day survival.
- Electrolyte, glucose, and ammonia abnormalities were not strongly linked to survival outcomes in this study.
- Majority of PAS-related deaths were due to uncontrolled generalized seizures or euthanasia because of severity.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Prognostic factors for short‐term survival of cats that experienced postattenuation neurologic signs after surgical attenuation of single congenital portosystemic shunts
2025-5-VS-otero-1
In Carvajal 2023 et al., on serum biomarkers post-THA, what was the observed trend in CRP levels from preoperative to 6-month follow-up?
🔍 Key Findings
- C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels remained low at 3 and 6 months after uncomplicated THA in dogs.
- No significant differences were observed in CRP or SAA between preoperative, 3-month, and 6-month time points.
- Mean CRP values were 3.8 mg/L pre-op, 0.8 mg/L at 3 months, and 1.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- Mean SAA values were 13.9 mg/L pre-op, 14.1 mg/L at 3 months, and 18.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- All dogs recovered normally with no complications or persistent signs of inflammation at follow-up.
- Study establishes baseline CRP and SAA levels for dogs post-THA, useful for comparison in suspected PJI.
- These markers may help differentiate periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) if values deviate from baseline post-THA.
- NSAID therapy was discontinued by 6 months in all dogs, possibly reflecting decreased inflammation.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Serum acute-phase protein concentrations following uncomplicated total hip arthroplasty in dogs
2023-1-VS-carvajal-1
In Enright 2022 et al., on adrenalectomy outcomes, which postoperative complication occurred in dogs and may support use of anticoagulants in hypertensive cases?
🔍 Key Findings
- 83% of dogs survived to discharge after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.
- Median survival time post-discharge was 1169 days (3.2 years).
- Preoperative alpha-blocker therapy (e.g., phenoxybenzamine) was not associated with improved survival.
- Dogs receiving alpha-blockers had higher intraoperative systolic BP, with median values 170 mmHg vs. 142 mmHg in non-treated dogs (P = .01).
- Intraoperative arrhythmias occurred in 30% of cases, with no difference between dogs receiving alpha-blockers and those not.
- Histologic vascular invasion occurred in ~70% of tumors.
- Tumor recurrence was suspected in 3 dogs, and metastasis in 8 dogs, though not histologically confirmed in most cases.
- Postoperative complications included refractory hypotension, acute kidney injury, and hypertension persisting >48 hours in 10 dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Short‐ and long‐term survival after adrenalectomy in 53 dogs with pheochromocytomas with or without alpha‐blocker therapy
2022-3-VS-enright-5
In González Montaño 2023 et al., on traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts (TPP), what was the most common concurrent thoracic injury in patients with traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts?
🔍 Key Findings
- Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts (TPP) were diagnosed in 11 patients (9 dogs, 2 cats) using CT after blunt trauma.
- TPPs were identified on radiographs in 64% of cases that were CT-confirmed, highlighting the superior sensitivity of CT.
- Most cases (7/10) were managed conservatively, with complete recovery and no TPP-related mortality.
- Thoracic surgery (lung lobectomy) was performed in 3 dogs, due to persistent pneumothorax or large TPP with perceived risk of complications.
- All pneumothorax cases were managed with thoracostomy tubes, and chest drains were used in 73% of cases.
- Pneumothorax was present in 100% of patients, often bilateral, and pulmonary contusions were reported in 73%.
- One cat was euthanized due to unrelated maxillofacial trauma; no deaths were attributed to TPP itself.
- Long-term follow-up (median 768 days) revealed only 1 case with possible TPP-related pneumonia; others had no complications.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts in nine dogs and two cats
2023-4-VS-gonzalezmontano-2
In Fidelis 2025 et al., on suture eyelet geometry, which two anchors most frequently showed **suture failure at the mid-section**?
🔍 Key Findings
- Raised eyelets caused more suture mid-section failures than embedded eyelets, suggesting wear or cutting against the anchor.
- No significant effect of cyclic loading on failure load (Fmax) was found for any anchor group.
- Anika anchor showed the least reduction in suture strength relative to the reference (eyebolt screw), indicating a favorable design.
- All sutures failed via suture breakage, not anchor pullout, indicating suture fatigue was the primary failure mode.
- Sutures in raised eyelets more often failed at the mid-section, while those in embedded eyelets failed at the knot.
- IMEX and Jorvet anchors showed significantly reduced Fmax compared to eyebolt screws.
- Loading direction and anchor design likely affect wear and ultimate failure, particularly in dynamic in vivo conditions.
- Future designs should aim for embedded, smooth eyelets that can accommodate larger suture sizes without increasing wear.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Effect of suture anchor type, eyelet configuration, and loading condition on suture failure: An in vitro study
2025-6-VS-fidelis-3
In Kershaw 2025 et al., on PSG vs AD, how many joint penetrations occurred in the PSG group during cadaveric screw placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) significantly improved accuracy of drill hole entry (p < 0.001) and exit (p = 0.044) compared to commercial aiming devices (AD).
- Zero joint penetrations occurred with PSGs, whereas 3 of 7 AD-guided screws were predicted to penetrate the joint (p = 0.19).
- Variance in exit point and drill angle was significantly lower in PSG group, suggesting more consistent results.
- One PSG case failed due to improper guide seating, but this was corrected with improved soft tissue clearance.
- PSGs enabled safer trajectories despite use by novice surgeons, emphasizing their value in less experienced hands.
- Drill holes placed with ADs deviated more cranially and distally, increasing the risk of articular violation.
- Use of PSGs allowed for tighter clustering of drill trajectories, especially in the cranial–caudal axis.
- Subjective feedback favored PSGs for ease of use and ergonomic design, despite requiring slightly larger incisions.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Patient-specific Guides Improve the Accuracy and Safety of Transcondylar Screw Placement—A Cadaveric Study in the Canine Humerus
2025-5-VCOT-kershaw-2
In Muroi 2024 et al., on radius plate stress effects, what clinical implication is suggested regarding implant-induced osteoporosis (IIO)?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Finite element analysis compared intact radii vs. locking plates placed 1 mm or 3 mm above the bone
- LP placement significantly reduced tensile (maximum principal) stress on cranial cortex, potentially causing implant-induced osteoporosis
- Shell element findings:
- Max principal stress significantly lower in both LP groups vs. intact (p < 0.05)
- Solid element findings:
- Equivalent stress higher and max principal stress lower in LP groups
- Implication: Tension reduction may impair bone remodeling; implant design and placement height affect stress environment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Stress Changes in the Canine Radius after Locking Plate Fixation Using Finite Element Analysis
2024-3-VCOT-muroi-5
In Adams 2024 et al., on canine tibial plateau fractures, what minor complication was observed postoperatively in Case 2?
🔍 Key Findings
- Tibial plateau fractures (TPF) are rare in dogs, but can be surgically stabilized with good outcomes even in complex trauma cases.
- Lateral TPFs (Unger type 41-B1) were approached via caudolateral arthrotomy, with elevation of the lateral meniscus for visualization and use of lag screws and K-wires for fixation.
- Medial TPF (Unger type 41-B2) was addressed via medial parapatellar approach using K-wires and a figure-of-eight tension band.
- One minor complication occurred: implant yield at 2 weeks in a case with a concurrent fibular fracture, resulting in a 0.8 mm step defect.
- No major complications were recorded, and all dogs achieved clinical union with full function by 8–10 weeks.
- Long-term owner-reported outcomes (LOAD scores) were excellent (5/52), indicating minimal osteoarthritis or chronic pain.
- Concurrent fibular fractures may increase risk of implant failure and should influence implant selection (e.g., considering buttress plating).
- Arthroscopic-assisted techniques may be applicable in select cases, but open reduction was preferred due to fragment displacement or concurrent injuries.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Prospective evaluation of the surgical stabilization and outcome of canine tibial plateau fractures in three cases
2024-6-VS-adams-2
In Frapwell 2026 et al., on humeral condyle morphology, what hypothesis was proposed to explain HIF formation related to condylar shape?
🔍 Key Findings
- HIF-affected dogs had significantly greater angle A and B, indicating increased axial articular angulation of the medial and lateral humeral condyle (p < .001).
- Vertical condylar height (lengths a and b) was significantly greater in HIF-affected dogs compared to controls (p = .007 and p < .001 respectively).
- Angle G (dorsal plane medial condyle angle) was also significantly greater in HIF-affected dogs, suggesting altered medial humeral morphology (p < .001).
- The angle between axial surfaces (A–B angle) was significantly more acute in HIF dogs (107.4° vs. 114.2°, p < .001), suggesting potential for increased shear force.
- Springer Spaniels with HIF showed significantly greater angulation and vertical height than unaffected Springer controls (p < .001 to .007 across variables).
- Morphological differences persisted across non-spaniel breeds, reinforcing that altered condylar geometry is not breed-restricted.
- Authors propose that greater condylar angulation contributes to shear stress, orthogonal to the fissure, possibly contributing to HIF pathogenesis.
- These morphologic alterations could inform future screening or preventive strategies, and may explain variable surgical outcomes and implant failure.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Analysis of humeral condylar morphology in dogs with and without humeral intracondylar fissure
2026-1-vs-frapwell-4
In Buote 2023 et al., on laparoscopic gastrectomy in cats, what complication was **not** observed in either live patient after surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- LVSG was feasible in 9/10 feline cadavers with successful stapled gastrectomy and minimal technical complications.
- Stenosis at the incisura angularis occurred in 2/10 cadavers, associated with staple placement too close to the lesser curvature.
- Leak testing was negative in 8 cadavers and both live cats, indicating effective staple sealing.
- Mean stomach resection was ~28%, though less than human standards (~75–80%) for metabolic effects.
- Surgery was performed safely in two live feline subjects, with no intraoperative or postoperative complications over a 6-month follow-up.
- Technique refinements included orogastric tube placement and custom 3D-printed cannulas to improve staple line accuracy and avoid stenosis.
- Tri-Staple purple cartridges provided graduated compression suited for feline gastric tissue thickness (~2.5 mm).
- No need for staple line oversew in live cats; staple-only closure proved safe in this short-term study.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy in felines: A cadaveric feasibility study and experimental case series in two cats
2023-6-buote2-3
Quiz Results
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Key Findings