Quiz Question
In Israel 2022 et al., on cerclage wire in THR, what is the most appropriate placement location for the cerclage to prevent proximal femoral fractures?
🔍 Key Findings
- No proximal femoral fractures occurred in any of the 184 hips with cerclage wire placement
- Cerclage wire was well tolerated, with no failures or complications related to the wire
- Application of a single cerclage wire took <10 minutes, was cost-effective, and required minimal instrumentation
- 3 postoperative complications (1 fissure, 2 fractures) occurred distal to the cerclage site, near the stem tip, requiring plate/screw fixation
- All dogs returned to normal activity, and all owners were satisfied with the outcome
- Cerclage placement location is critical—must be proximal to the lesser trochanter and close to the calcar to resist hoop strain
- Biomechanical evidence supports that cerclage wires improve resistance to hoop strain and subsidence of cementless stems
- Press-fit cementless stems may settle, but when supported by cerclage, this does not result in fractures even in undersized implants
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Outcome of canine cementless collared stem total hip replacement with proximal femoral periprosthetic cerclage application: 184 consecutive cases
2022-2-VS-israel-2
In Thomsen 2024 et al., on CT accuracy for liver tumors, which liver lobes showed significantly lower CT localization accuracy?
🔍 Key Findings
- CT localization of liver masses was more accurate by division (88%) than by lobe (74.3%)
- Inter-radiologist agreement was excellent for division (kappa up to 0.885) and only moderate–good for lobe
- Quadrate and right lateral lobes had significantly lower localization accuracy compared to left lateral or medial lobes
- CT localization of the left division was most accurate (90.1%) compared to central (77.1%) and right (88.3%)
- Portal and hepatic venous phases were equally helpful for localization (each ~30–38% usefulness)
- No significant associations found between histopathologic diagnosis and localization accuracy
- Lobe-level CT localization should be interpreted with caution, especially for the quadrate and right lateral lobes
- Radiologist experience likely influenced accuracy, with the most experienced radiologist performing best
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Computed tomography scan accuracy for the prediction of lobe and division of liver tumors by four board-certified radiologists
2024-7-VS-thomsen-2
In Lhuillery 2022 et al., on GDV stabilization timing, what was noted about degree of gastric torsion between immediate and delayed groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- Survival rates did not differ between immediate (90 min) and delayed (≥5 h) surgical stabilization groups at discharge or 1-month post-op (approx. 80% survival in both).
- Hyperlactatemia at 24 hours post-fluid therapy was significantly associated with in-hospital and 1-month mortality (P = .01 and P = .02).
- Persistent tachycardia during hospitalization was linked to increased 1-month mortality (P = .015).
- Partial gastrectomy was required in ~6–10% of cases, with high associated mortality.
- Preoperative stabilization protocols (trocarization, nasogastric tube) allowed safe surgical delays up to 13.7 hours without impacting survival.
- Degree of gastric torsion differed between groups; more 0° torsions in delayed cases, potentially due to decompression-induced derotation.
- No difference in post-op complications such as arrhythmias, hypotension, or AKI between groups.
- More intra-anesthetic deaths occurred in immediate surgery group, highlighting importance of adequate pre-op stabilization.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Outcomes of dogs undergoing surgery for gastric dilatation volvulus after rapid versus prolonged medical stabilization
2022-5-VS-lhuillery-4
In Case 2024 et al., on feline pancreatectomy, which anatomical region was resected in all cats?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Success rate: All 9 cats underwent successful laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy.
- Complications:
- 1 minor intraoperative hemorrhage (Grade 1)
- 1 sterile peritonitis (Grade 2) post-op, resolved conservatively
- Pancreatic function:
- fTLI decreased by 37% (p = .03), but stayed within normal limits
- fPLI and A1C were unchanged
- Resection details:
- Mean weight: 3.0 ± 1.4 g
- Mean surgical time: 59.7 ± 16.2 min
- Follow-up: 250–446 days — all cats remained clinically healthy
- Conclusion: Ultrasonic LPP is safe and effective in healthy cats, preserving endocrine/exocrine function
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy of the left limb using a harmonic scalpel in nine cats
2024-2-VS-case-5
In Hanlon 2022 et al., on short screw sacroiliac fixation, how did screw positioning affect neurovascular safety?
🔍 Key Findings
- Two short screws (SLS or SPS) provided >2× peak load, yield load, and stiffness vs a single long screw (LLS) for SI joint stabilization.
- No mechanical advantage was seen between the two short screw types (lag vs positional).
- All short screws terminated lateral to the spinal canal, avoiding spinal impingement.
- Ventral sacral foraminal impingement occurred in 3 short-screw cases (1 SPS, 2 SLS), all involving the caudal screw.
- LLS group showed more abaxial displacement at osteotomy sites, suggesting inferior stabilization for concurrent pelvic fractures.
- Short screw constructs had longer total screw length (48 mm) than LLS (40 mm), contributing to increased stiffness.
- Positioning of caudal screw in a cranial/craniodorsal trajectory may help avoid nerve foraminal injury.
- No significant difference in displacement at peak load among groups; stiffness and load capacity were the primary benefits.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Mechanical evaluation of canine sacroiliac joint stabilization using two short screws
2022-7-VS-hanlon-3
In Davey 2024 et al., on modified closed anal sacculectomy, what feature distinguishes the modified closed technique from the traditional closed method for anal sacculectomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified closed anal sacculectomy resulted in a local recurrence rate of only 2.2%, substantially lower than prior reports (18–50%).
- Postoperative complications occurred in 31.9% of dogs; most (93%) were minor, with dehiscence being the most common.
- Mean survival time in deceased dogs was 521 days; median was 388 days.
- Surgical technique included complete en bloc excision of the sac and duct with sphincter reconstruction, aiming to reduce seeding risk.
- Only one major complication resulted in euthanasia due to infection and dehiscence.
- Histologic margins were complete in 44.7% of dogs; lymphatic invasion was present in 31.9%, and vascular in 8.5%.
- Adjunctive chemotherapy was administered in 34% of dogs (mostly carboplatin); not standardized due to retrospective design.
- Routine rectal exam was key to diagnosis in 57.4% of dogs with no clinical signs, underscoring the importance of screening.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Outcomes of dogs with apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma treated via modified closed anal sacculectomy (2015–2022)
2024-6-VS-davey-3
In Miller 2024 et al., on surgical comparison of staphylectomy vs. FFP, which breed most frequently underwent a folded flap palatoplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- FFP resulted in longer median surgery (75 min) and anesthesia (111 min) durations than S (51 min and 80 min, respectively).
- No significant difference in anesthetic complications, regurgitation, aspiration pneumonia, or hospitalization time between S and FFP.
- Major complications were rare (4%) and equally distributed between procedures; included tracheostomy and euthanasia due to severe airway disease.
- Postoperative oxygen use was common (52% of dogs) but not significantly different between procedures.
- FFP dogs more often had laryngeal collapse (especially Grade 1: 68% vs. 32% in S dogs).
- Most dogs (85%) had concurrent nares surgery, with caudal wedge resection more frequent in FFP dogs.
- Few dogs needed revision soft palate surgery (7/124 total); similar between groups.
- Postoperative clinical signs improved across both procedures; regurgitation was the most persistent sign post-op.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Complications and outcome following staphylectomy and folded flap palatoplasty in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome
2024-8-VS-miller-4
In Latifi 2022 et al., on forelimb fascial mapping, why is complete fascial excision often not feasible in the manus region?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fascia was present over most of the canine forelimb, but key areas like the elbow, carpus, and manus lacked robust fascial planes for wide resection.
- Type I fascia (discrete sheet) was primarily found in the antebrachium, with type IV (periosteal) fascia located at the olecranon, scapular spine, and accessory carpal bone.
- Distal antebrachial fascia was thin and adherent, often blending with carpal structures and lacking reliable surgical planes.
- Partial tenectomy or joint capsule resection was often required for wide excision in the distal limb, especially over the triceps tendon and carpus.
- Nerve transections (e.g., superficial radial or ulnar branches) were commonly needed to maintain fascial margins, though often with minimal functional loss due to overlapping innervation.
- Digital and metacarpal pads lacked clear deep fascial borders, making digit amputation necessary for oncologic margins in distal tumors.
- Dissections revealed fascial junctions as either Type A (easily separable) or Type B (risk of disruption), guiding resection plane selection.
- Findings provide a surgical map to guide preoperative planning for superficial tumor excision on the forelimb.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs. Part II: Forelimb
2022-1-VS-latifi-5
In Schroeder 2022 et al., on fascial anatomy mapping, what is the characteristic of type I fascia?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fascial planes in dogs were consistently classifiable into four surgical types:
- Type I (discrete sheets), Type II (tightly adhered to thin muscle), Type III (tightly adhered to thick muscle), and Type IV (periosteum-associated).
- Two junction types were identified: Type A (easily elevated) and Type B (higher risk of disruption).
- Disruption-prone areas include the scapular spine (type IV fascia) and lateral thorax near the 13th rib, where rib resection may be needed to preserve margins.
- The latissimus dorsi transition zones and fascial areas near the thoracic inlet and scapulohumeral joint were prone to fascial thinning or disruption.
- Partial muscle resections or periosteal elevations may be required in areas with fragile fascia to maintain oncologic margins.
- Dorsal spinous processes (T6–L6) showed type IV fascia; however, osteotomy may be needed in some dogs for clear margins.
- Blended fascial transitions (e.g., rectus abdominis: type II cranially, type I caudally) necessitate intraoperative judgment on resection depth.
- Cutaneous trunci may suffice as a deep margin for small, low-grade tumors in well-muscled dogs, but not reliably for high-grade or larger masses.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs. Part I: Neck and trunk
2022-1-VS-schroeder-1
In Kershaw 2025 et al., on PSG vs AD, which directional deviation was more common in screws placed using the aiming device?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) significantly improved accuracy of drill hole entry (p < 0.001) and exit (p = 0.044) compared to commercial aiming devices (AD).
- Zero joint penetrations occurred with PSGs, whereas 3 of 7 AD-guided screws were predicted to penetrate the joint (p = 0.19).
- Variance in exit point and drill angle was significantly lower in PSG group, suggesting more consistent results.
- One PSG case failed due to improper guide seating, but this was corrected with improved soft tissue clearance.
- PSGs enabled safer trajectories despite use by novice surgeons, emphasizing their value in less experienced hands.
- Drill holes placed with ADs deviated more cranially and distally, increasing the risk of articular violation.
- Use of PSGs allowed for tighter clustering of drill trajectories, especially in the cranial–caudal axis.
- Subjective feedback favored PSGs for ease of use and ergonomic design, despite requiring slightly larger incisions.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Patient-specific Guides Improve the Accuracy and Safety of Transcondylar Screw Placement—A Cadaveric Study in the Canine Humerus
2025-5-VCOT-kershaw-4
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings