Quiz Question
In David 2024 et al., on single-port cryptorchidectomy, which location was chosen for laparoscopic port placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- Single-port laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy (SP-LAC) was feasible in 13/14 dogs with abdominal cryptorchidism.
- Median surgical time was 17 min for unilateral and 27 min for bilateral cryptorchidectomy.
- All testes were successfully exteriorized through a 15-mm mini-celiotomy in most dogs; only 2 needed slight enlargement.
- One major complication occurred (testicular artery hemorrhage, requiring conversion to open surgery).
- Two minor complications involved trocar-related issues (splenic capsule laceration, capnoretroperitoneum).
- No incisional complications were reported postoperatively; some dogs had mild dermatitis at the clipped site.
- The technique requires only one surgeon and no advanced tools beyond a single-port endoscope.
- Low-pressure capnoperitoneum (6 mmHg) was adequate for visualization in most cases.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Single-port laparoscopic-assisted abdominal cryptorchidectomy in 14 dogs
2024-3-VS-david-4
In Banks 2023 et al., on TECA-LBO in brachycephalic dogs, which diagnostic imaging findings were significantly more common in EBBs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Extreme brachycephalic breeds (EBBs) presented more acutely and at younger ages, most often with neurological signs compared to other breeds.
- Preoperative signs such as facial nerve paresis, vestibular syndrome, and Horner’s syndrome were significantly more common in EBBs.
- EBBs showed more severe imaging findings, including higher rates of otitis interna (46.3% vs. 8.5%) and brainstem changes (17.5% vs. 3%).
- Intraoperative complications were more frequent in EBBs (11.1% vs. 5.3%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = .078).
- Perioperative complication rates did not differ significantly between EBBs and other breeds (23.5% vs. 29.3%).
- Surgical time was significantly longer in EBBs (median 115 vs. 95 minutes; p = .011).
- MRI or combined CT/MRI were more frequently used in EBBs, likely due to the higher prevalence of neurological signs.
- Despite anatomical challenges, complication rates in EBBs were comparable, supporting TECA-LBO safety in these breeds.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Influence of extreme brachycephalic conformation on perioperative complications associated with total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in 242 dogs (2010–2020)
2023-5-VS-banks-4
In Lin 2025 et al., on surgical approaches to the radius, which approach provided significantly more surface exposure?
🔍 Key Findings
- Craniolateral approach (CLA) exposed significantly more radial surface area than craniomedial approach (CMA) (19.4 cm² vs. 13.8 cm²; p = 0.01).
- Proximal width of exposure was greater in CLA, especially at 12.5% length (P2 level, p = 0.016), aiding plate placement.
- No significant difference in exposed bone length between approaches.
- CLA avoided major neurovascular structures, making dissection cleaner and safer proximally.
- CMA consistently encountered median nerve/artery/vein, complicating proximal exposure.
- CLA allowed better access to proximal radius for locking plate application, which may benefit MIPO techniques.
- CLA also enables ulna fixation via the same incision, whereas CMA requires a separate skin incision.
- Anatomical tilt of the proximal cranial surface favored CLA, requiring less plate contouring than CMA for proper fit.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
3
2025
Does the Craniolateral Approach Provide Better Exposure to the Radius than the Craniomedial Approach for Internal Fracture Fixation in Dogs?
2025-3-VCOT-lin-1
In De Moya 2025 et al., on antebrachial deformity correction, which surgical maneuver was used to correct antebrachiocarpal incongruency?
🔍 Key Findings
- CESF with distraction osteogenesis restored elbow congruity and normalized aLDRA in skeletally immature dogs with PCDRP.
- Radial head subluxation was eliminated in all dogs, and elbow incongruity reduced significantly (from 6.1 mm to 0.3 mm, p <.01).
- Mean radial lengthening of 22.6 mm (∼11% of normal length) was achieved, but only 80% of recorded distraction translated to length gain.
- Major complications occurred in 2/12 dogs: one with permanent carpal contracture, one with radial fracture at wire tract.
- Minor complications (e.g., carpal pain, restricted extension, synostosis, pin tract issues) were noted in 10/12 dogs but generally resolved.
- Owner surveys (8/12 dogs) reported good to excellent long-term function, even up to 6 years post-op.
- Radial valgus deformities were moderate (mean 15°) and less severe than deformities from ulnar physeal closure.
- Surgical strategy included staged distraction, with radial or combined radius/ulna distraction guided by fluoroscopy and adjusted per case.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Treatment of antebrachial deformities secondary to premature closure of the distal radial physis using circular external skeletal fixation and distraction osteogenesis in skeletally immature dogs
2025-6-VS-demoya-5
In Cruciani 2022 et al., on feline pancreaticoduodenostomy, which anatomical consideration required splenectomy during surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left pancreaticoduodenostomy successfully restored digestive continuity after right lobe and body pancreatectomy in a cat.
- No clinical signs of exocrine or endocrine insufficiency were observed postoperatively up to 225 days.
- Histopathology confirmed chronic pancreatitis with abscess formation and reactive lymphadenopathy.
- No postoperative pancreatitis developed, based on imaging and normal feline pancreatic lipase levels.
- Progressive focal ampulla-like dilation of the pancreatic duct occurred near the anastomosis without clinical signs.
- The cat maintained weight and improved clinically for several months post-op, indicating satisfactory outcomes.
- Surgical technique involved end-to-side anastomosis between the left pancreatic duct and duodenum.
- Ultimately, the cat was euthanized due to disseminated carcinoma, presumed unrelated to the pancreatic surgery.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Left pancreaticoduodenostomy after removal of the right lobe and the head of the pancreas in a cat
2022-8-VS-cruciani-5
In Jones 2024 et al., on LEAP plate use, which dog breed made up the majority of the study population?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 62 fractures in 61 dogs (44 lateral condylar, 18 intracondylar); mostly Spaniels
- LEAP plate used in all cases; minimal intraoperative contouring needed (1 French Bulldog)
- Overall complication rate: ~33%, mostly minor; 1 amputation due to catastrophic infection
- Radiographic healing:
- Lateral epicondylar part healed in 100%
- Condylar part healed in ~61.5% LCF and ~57.1% ICF
- Functional outcomes:
- 87% returned to full limb use
- Median LOAD score: 2 for LCF, 6.5 for ICF
- Design adjustments made post-study to strengthen weak zones around 3rd–4th screw holes
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Clinical Assessment of a Lateral Epicondylar Anatomical Plate for the Stabilization of Humeral Condylar Fractures in Dogs
2024-4-VS-jones-5
In Price 2024 et al., on left-sided TD ligation in dogs, how many clinical cases showed a single thoracic duct branch at the proposed surgical site?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left fourth intercostal thoracotomy allowed successful thoracic duct (TD) ligation in 9/10 canine cadavers.
- 10/13 clinical cases had a single TD branch at the left fourth intercostal space, indicating lower anatomical complexity.
- All TD branches at this site were lateral to the esophagus, simplifying surgical access.
- Unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy was successfully performed via the same incision in 10/10 cadavers.
- Fewer TD branches at the fourth intercostal space than traditional caudal sites may reduce the risk of missed collaterals.
- In contrast, traditional caudal TD ligation sites had up to 5 branches, requiring broader dissection.
- No cadaver had right-sided TD branches, reducing surgical complexity at the studied location.
- Contrast-confirmed ligation was effective in 90% (9/10) cadavers on CT imaging.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Evaluation of thoracic duct ligation and unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy via a left fourth intercostal approach in normal canine cadavers
2024-3-VS-price-4
In Otero Balda 2025 et al., on Short-term outcomes after feline cPSS surgery, which of the following was **not** significantly associated with 30-day survival in PANS-affected cats?
🔍 Key Findings
- 78% of cats that developed postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) after congenital portosystemic shunt (cPSS) surgery survived to 30 days.
- Postattenuation seizures (PAS) were associated with significantly decreased 30-day survival (50% vs. 78%; OR: 0.015, p = .005).
- Treatment of PANS with propofol was a negative prognostic factor (OR: 0.112, p = .0008).
- Generalized PAS accounted for most seizure cases and were more frequently fatal than focal or unknown-type seizures.
- Pretreatment with levetiracetam (LEV1 protocol) showed a trend toward improved survival (100% vs. 60.6% in untreated cats), though not statistically significant (p = .06).
- Shunt morphology, method of attenuation, and study period (early vs. late) were not significantly associated with 30-day survival.
- Electrolyte, glucose, and ammonia abnormalities were not strongly linked to survival outcomes in this study.
- Majority of PAS-related deaths were due to uncontrolled generalized seizures or euthanasia because of severity.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Prognostic factors for short‐term survival of cats that experienced postattenuation neurologic signs after surgical attenuation of single congenital portosystemic shunts
2025-5-VS-otero-4
In Berger 2023 et al., on elbow COR estimation, how might external epicondylar landmarks assist in elbow surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- COR of elbows with FMCP was significantly more caudal compared to normal elbows, based on CT-derived geometry.
- In normal elbows, 74% of medial and 93% of lateral axes exited cranial and distal to the epicondyles.
- In FMCP elbows, 81% of medial and 70% of lateral axes exited caudal and distal to the epicondyles.
- Different landmark combinations produced slightly different COR approximations, especially between humeral vs. radius/ulna-based axes.
- The medial-lateral axis using trochlea and capitulum centers provided the most consistent COR approximation.
- COR estimations based on diseased elbows may not match normal joint geometry, impacting implant alignment accuracy.
- External epicondylar landmarks may be useful intraoperatively to estimate COR location, but variability limits precision.
- Drill diameter size may buffer small COR differences, but impact in advanced disease or bilateral cases remains unclear.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
The use of subchondral bone topography to approximate the center of rotation of the elbow joint in dogs
2023-1-VS-berger-5
In Hildebrandt 2023 et al., on Buccal Transposition Flap for Maxillary Lip Reconstruction in Dogs, what was a recommended intraoperative consideration to reduce postoperative flap trauma?
🔍 Key Findings
- Buccal transposition flap provided successful closure of large maxillary lip defects in all 5 dogs
- All flaps survived, with 3 dogs experiencing minor complications (e.g., fistulas, dehiscence) that resolved
- Flap vascularization originated from the angularis oris and superior labial arteries, as confirmed via CT angiography
- Excellent cosmetic and functional outcomes were achieved in all cases
- Ex vivo cadaver study validated flap perfusion, showing consistent contrast filling of key arteries
- Oronasal fistulas occurred in 2 dogs at the palatal incision site, likely due to contact with the mandibular canine tooth
- Mandibular canine coronectomy was performed in 2/5 dogs to prevent flap trauma
- Flap design and commissure positioning were customizable, aiding tension relief and improving outcomes
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Buccal transposition flap for closure of maxillary lip defects in 5 dogs
2023-2-VS-hildebrandt-3
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings