Your Custom Quiz
In Scortea 2025 et al., on sacroiliac fixation accuracy, what was the most common direction of screw deviation for both techniques?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed drill guide technique (3D-DGT) resulted in fewer suboptimal screw placements than minimally invasive osteosynthesis (MIO) (7.14% vs 42.85%), though not statistically significant.
- Entry point translation (EPT) in the dorsoventral direction was significantly lower with 3D-DGT compared with MIO (p = .009).
- Maximum angular screw deviation (MASD) did not differ significantly between 3D-DGT and MIO in dorsal or transverse planes.
- Ventral cortical breach was the most common error with both techniques, more frequent with MIO.
- Achievement of >60% sacral bone purchase was more consistent with 3D-DGT (92.9%) than with MIO (64.3%).
- Modified Gras grade distribution was similar between techniques, with most screws graded as secure (“a” or “b”).
- 3D-DGT required substantially longer preoperative planning time than MIO (median 34 vs 8.5 minutes).
- Both techniques demonstrated overall acceptable accuracy, emphasizing the importance of CT-based planning and assessment.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
6
2025
Comparative analysis of 3D-printed drill guides and minimally invasive osteosynthesis in feline sacroiliac luxation: A cadaveric study
2025-6-vcot-scortea-3
In Case 2024 et al., on feline pancreatectomy, which anatomical region was resected in all cats?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Success rate: All 9 cats underwent successful laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy.
- Complications:
- 1 minor intraoperative hemorrhage (Grade 1)
- 1 sterile peritonitis (Grade 2) post-op, resolved conservatively
- Pancreatic function:
- fTLI decreased by 37% (p = .03), but stayed within normal limits
- fPLI and A1C were unchanged
- Resection details:
- Mean weight: 3.0 ± 1.4 g
- Mean surgical time: 59.7 ± 16.2 min
- Follow-up: 250–446 days — all cats remained clinically healthy
- Conclusion: Ultrasonic LPP is safe and effective in healthy cats, preserving endocrine/exocrine function
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy of the left limb using a harmonic scalpel in nine cats
2024-2-VS-case-5
In Forman 2026 et al., on laparoscopic warm-up effects, which combination best describes the warm-up protocol used?
🔍 Key Findings
- Preoperative warm-up significantly reduced surgical time — mean ~20 minutes shorter (63 min vs 84 min; p < 0.05)
- Warm-up significantly improved performance scores using a validated rubric (138.4 vs 121.5; p < 0.05)
- Combined warm-up (simulator + video game) enhanced efficiency and technical proficiency in novice surgeons
- No intraoperative complications occurred in either group, suggesting safety of trainee-performed LOVE under supervision
- Warm-up protocol consisted of 30 minutes (15 min simulator + 15 min laparoscopic video game)
- All participants had baseline laparoscopic exposure but limited hands-on experience, reflecting realistic novice conditions
- Validated scoring included GOALS and procedural steps, supporting objective assessment of surgical readiness
- Findings support incorporation of warm-up into surgical training programs to improve efficiency and potentially reduce errors
Veterinary Surgery
3
2026
Effects of preoperative warm-ups on veterinary medical students' performance with live dog laparoscopic ovariectomy
2026-3-vs-forman-2
In Carvajal 2023 et al., on serum biomarkers post-THA, what treatment had all dogs discontinued by 6 months?
🔍 Key Findings
- C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels remained low at 3 and 6 months after uncomplicated THA in dogs.
- No significant differences were observed in CRP or SAA between preoperative, 3-month, and 6-month time points.
- Mean CRP values were 3.8 mg/L pre-op, 0.8 mg/L at 3 months, and 1.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- Mean SAA values were 13.9 mg/L pre-op, 14.1 mg/L at 3 months, and 18.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- All dogs recovered normally with no complications or persistent signs of inflammation at follow-up.
- Study establishes baseline CRP and SAA levels for dogs post-THA, useful for comparison in suspected PJI.
- These markers may help differentiate periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) if values deviate from baseline post-THA.
- NSAID therapy was discontinued by 6 months in all dogs, possibly reflecting decreased inflammation.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Serum acute-phase protein concentrations following uncomplicated total hip arthroplasty in dogs
2023-1-VS-carvajal-5
In Cortez 2024 et al., on feline ectopic ureters, what was the most common postoperative complication following surgical correction of ectopic ureters?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ectopic ureters in cats are rare, but most are extramural and bilateral.
- Surgical techniques used included ureteroneocystostomy (UNC), neoureterostomy (NU), nephroureterectomy, and cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA).
- All cats showed improvement in urinary continence postoperatively, with 11/12 achieving complete resolution.
- Major complications were rare; one cat developed uroabdomen requiring revision surgery.
- Diagnostic imaging was effective, with abdominal ultrasound diagnosing 8/10 and CT 3/3 cases.
- Short- and long-term complications included urethral spasms, UTIs, stranguria, and rectal prolapse; all were manageable.
- CLA was successful in 2 cats and is noted as a first-time described technique in feline ectopic ureter cases.
- Median postoperative follow-up was 340 days, supporting good long-term outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes of cats undergoing surgical treatment of ectopic ureters
2024-6-VS-cortez-4
In Banks 2024 et al., on preoperative planning, what was the mean planned TPA in the in silico analysis?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Design: Retrospective study of 100 radiographs using in silico and clinical data
- Mean preoperative TPA: 28.6°, higher in small dogs than large (p = .02)
- Mean planned TPA (in silico): 7.6°, not achieving 5° target (p < .01)
- Median postoperative TPA: 5.5° overall; higher in small dogs (7°) vs large (4.5°) (p = .06)
- Postoperative ostectomy position: More distal than recommended; average = 8.6 mm
- Increased distalization → greater under-correction of TPA (p = .01)
- Most accurate correction occurred when ostectomy was ≤7.5 mm from patellar tendon
- Wedge angle categories (TPA-Pre minus 5–2°) were used based on pre-op TPA
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
A mismatch of planning and achieved tibial plateau angle in cranial closing wedge surgery: An in silico and clinical evaluation of 100 cases
2024-1-VS-banks-2
In İnal 2025 et al., on supracutaneous locking plates, which complication was most frequently encountered?
🔍 Key Findings
- Supracutaneous locking plates (SLPs) were successfully used to manage 33 diaphyseal fractures (radial–ulnar and tibial) in 30 cats and dogs.
- Median fracture healing time was 50.5 days (range: 27–88), with most patients regaining limb use within days postoperatively.
- CT-based metrics (callus area, HU, and 3D bone volume) increased significantly during healing (p < 0.05), validating CT as a quantitative tool for assessing healing.
- Complications were minimal: minor in 15/33 (e.g., screw tract discharge, edema), and major in 3/33 (e.g., implant failure, delayed union, nonunion).
- Minimally invasive osteosynthesis required longer surgery times than closed reduction (p < 0.05), but both techniques were viable.
- SLPs enabled successful bilateral fracture management without inter-plate interference due to their compact design.
- Screw orientation challenges were noted in cats, especially with cranial application to the radius due to narrow anatomy.
- Polyaxial locking screws were used safely and did not dislodge, allowing for angular insertion (≤10°) to avoid neurovascular structures.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Minimally Invasive Radial–Ulnar and Tibial Fracture Management with Supracutaneous Locking Plates in Dogs and Cats
2025-5-VCOT-inal-3
In Horwood 2024 et al., on complications in luxoid hip dysplasia, what proportion of LH dogs had satisfactory outcomes following revision of major complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Luxoid hip dysplasia (LH) was present in 8% of THA cases and significantly increased risk of major complications (p < .001).
- Intraoperative fissures/fractures were 3x more likely in LH dogs vs non-LH (39% vs 16%, p = .001).
- Dorsal luxation was more frequent in LH dogs (28% vs 4%, p = .019).
- Acetabular cup placement with ALO >35° was associated with luxation in LH dogs.
- Morphologic abnormalities (e.g., femoral valgus, lateralization/medialization of cortices) were common in LH and may complicate implantation.
- Despite higher risk, 94% of LH dogs achieved satisfactory outcomes after appropriate revisions.
- Younger age and lighter weight characterized LH dogs (mean age 14.7 months vs 40.9 months, p < .001).
- All LH dogs were treated with cementless stems; prophylactic cerclage was rarely used.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Complications and outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in dogs with luxoid hip dysplasia: 18 cases (2010–2022)
2024-4-VS-horwood-5
In Perez Neto 2025 et al., on hip resurfacing arthroplasty, what was the impact of implant positioning (neutral vs valgus) on biomechanical performance?
🔍 Key Findings
- In an ex vivo study of 20 canine femur pairs, implantation of a novel hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) prosthesis reduced maximum load (ML) by 22% and load at collapse (LC) by 27% vs. intact controls (p ≤ 0.05).
- Displacement at maximum load (DML), displacement at collapse (DC), and stiffness (k) were not significantly different between prosthesis and control groups.
- Both groups showed similar failure patterns, with 92% failing at the femoral neck.
- All prosthetic femurs still withstood ~6.2× body weight — exceeding estimated in vivo peak loads (~1.64× BW).
- Prosthesis positioning (neutral vs valgus) had no significant effect on biomechanical outcomes.
- Implant design preserved more metaphyseal bone stock than total hip replacement, possibly explaining the smaller load reduction compared to other short-stem prostheses.
- The press-fit cobalt–chromium design with conical stem allowed full contact and stress distribution over the femoral head/neck.
- Authors conclude the device has adequate immediate biomechanical strength for clinical use, though long-term in vivo studies are needed.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Biomechanical Evaluation of a Femoral Implant for Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty in Dogs: An Ex Vivo Study
2025-4-VCOT-perezneto-5
In Aly 2024 et al., on simulator training for feline OHE, what type of study design was used to evaluate simulator training?
🔍 Key Findings
- This study evaluated whether high-fidelity surgical simulator training improved live animal and student outcomes in a feline OHE teaching lab involving 186 cats and 146 students.
- Simulator training significantly improved surgical performance and outcomes:
- Live surgery was 6 minutes shorter on average in the SIM group vs. NO-SIM (115 ± 21 min vs. 121 ± 16 min, p = .04).
- Pain scores ≥5/20 occurred in 1% of SIM group cats vs. 15% of NO-SIM group cats (p < .01).
- Rescue analgesia was needed less frequently in the SIM group (5% vs. 15%, p = .03).
- Student confidence was significantly higher in the SIM group (median 7/10 vs. 6/10, p < .01).
- The simulator used a realistic abdominal model with friable tissues and required performance of a full OHE procedure.
- The study design was nonrandomized, grouped by class year, with limitations including lack of blinding during pain assessment in year two.
- Authors concluded that pre-lab simulator competency improves both animal welfare and student confidence, recommending it as a prerequisite for live surgical training.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Effect of surgical simulator training on student and live animal outcomes in a feline ovariohysterectomy teaching laboratory
2024-6-VS-aly-4
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