🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Finite element analysis compared intact radii vs. locking plates placed 1 mm or 3 mm above the bone
• LP placement significantly reduced tensile (maximum principal) stress on cranial cortex, potentially causing implant-induced osteoporosis
• Shell element findings:
  • Max principal stress significantly lower in both LP groups vs. intact (p < 0.05)
• Solid element findings:
  • Equivalent stress higher and max principal stress lower in LP groups
• Implication: Tension reduction may impair bone remodeling; implant design and placement height affect stress environment

🔍 Key Findings

Objective: Determine if topical 45 mg/mL amikacin in CMC gel leads to systemic absorption in dogs with wounds.

Dogs enrolled: 11 client-owned dogs, with 31 applications of the gel.

Serum findings:

• Only 5 of 153 samples were above the 2.5 µg/mL quantification limit
• All values remained <5 µg/mL, the presumed toxicity threshold
• No correlation was found between dose-related parameters (mg, mg/kg, mg/cm²) and serum amikacin levels

Peak concentrations were observed at ~2 hours post-application, declining rapidly thereafter

No nephrotoxicity observed, and most values were below detection

Conclusion: Topical amikacin gel appears safe at doses up to 24.9 mg/kg, with minimal systemic absorption

🔍 Key Findings

• Peritoneal effusion cytology remains the most rapid and reliable diagnostic for SP; detection of intracellular bacteria is highly specific (100%) and sensitive in dogs and cats.
• Blood-effusion glucose difference >20 mg/dL has 100% sensitivity and specificity for SP in both dogs and cats, but point-of-care glucometers may falsely elevate effusion glucose.
• Preoperative stapled intestinal anastomoses have lower dehiscence rates than handsewn in dogs with SP in some studies, especially in unstable patients.
• Fluorescent angiography may outperform visual/palpatory assessment in determining intestinal viability during surgery.
• Omentalization and serosal patching offer reinforcement for intestinal repairs in SP; experimental studies show improved healing, though clinical data are limited.
• Open abdomen with VAC therapy offers comparable survival to closed methods, with potential benefits including improved peritoneal healing and drainage.
• Closed suction drains show survival rates ranging from 52–100% in dogs and cats with SP; concerns exist about nosocomial infections, but survival was not consistently affected.
• Lavage with saline is standard (200–300 mL/kg), but risks include mesothelial irritation and cytokine spread; buffered solutions like LRS or Plasmalyte may be superior.

🔍 Key Findings

• Staphylectomy was linked to higher risk of complicated recovery than folded flap palatoplasty (OR = 59.29, p = .0002).
• Laryngeal collapse > Grade 2 was strongly associated with poor recovery (OR = 97.13, p < .0001).
• Longer general anesthesia duration increased the risk of complications (OR = 1.01 per min, p = .0051).
• Increasing age significantly raised the odds of perioperative complication (OR = 1.04 per month, p = .0113).
• History of aspiration pneumonia was only found in dogs with complications, though not in final model due to instability.
• Complicated recovery included >12 h O₂ therapy, tracheostomy, or death.
• FFP may reduce pharyngeal-laryngeal edema, possibly improving immediate outcomes.
• Bulldogs comprised 80% of population, with French Bulldogs most common (63%).

🔍 Key Findings

• Near-infrared fluorescence cholangiography (NIRFC) was feasible and safe in all healthy dogs studied, with no major adverse effects noted.
• Low-dose ICG (0.05 mg/kg) at 3 h pre-op achieved the highest target-to-background (cystic duct-to-liver) contrast ratio, reaching nearly 4:1 at 280 minutes.
• Early imaging (time 0) favored low-dose ICG for optimal cystic duct visualization; high-dose ICG led to excessive liver fluorescence and reduced contrast.
• Visualization of biliary tree occurred within 10–20 min post-injection regardless of dose, but longer delays improved background clearance and contrast.
• No significant cardiovascular or histamine-related side effects were observed with either dose of ICG.
• Repeated ICG injections showed minimal residual fluorescence when using a >72 h washout period; shorter intervals caused mild carryover in high-dose groups.
• Surgeon scoring matched contrast ratios, confirming clinical relevance of imaging outcomes.
• Recommended dose for laparoscopic imaging: 0.05 mg/kg ICG given 3–5 h before surgery, or at premedication for urgent cases.

🔍 Key Findings

• Modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) resulted in significantly shorter skin incisions and hospitalization duration compared with open cystotomy (OC) (p=.002 and p=.031, respectively).
• PCCLm cats had fewer immediate postoperative lower urinary tract signs and were more often asymptomatic postoperatively than OC cats (p=.046 and p=.006).
• Rates of incomplete urolith removal were similar between PCCLm and OC, indicating no clear advantage in stone clearance for either technique.
• No PCCLm procedures required conversion to open surgery, demonstrating technical feasibility in cats.
• Clinical urolith recurrence rates were low and similar between PCCLm (10.5%) and OC (8.6%).
• In PCCLm, incomplete stone removal was associated with longer anesthesia time, longer hospitalization, larger incision length, and postoperative LUTS.
• In OC, incomplete stone removal was associated with longer surgery time and obstructed/distended bladders at presentation.
• PCCLm is an acceptable minimally invasive alternative to OC, although it did not reduce surgical site infection rates or incomplete stone removal.

🔍 Key Findings

• Low-trauma events caused 82.9% of CvHL cases; Poodles and poodle-crosses represented 49.4% of cases.
• Success rate of hobbles (61.8%) was significantly higher than closed reduction alone (10.3%) or Ehmer sling (18.5%).
• Multivariate analysis found hobbles 7.62x more likely to succeed vs. closed reduction (p = .001).
• Specialist surgeons had higher success with nonsurgical management (OR: 2.68; p = .047).
• Older age associated with better outcomes (OR: 1.15 per year; p < .0005).
• Ehmer sling is not recommended due to high failure and complication rates (60.6%).
• Toggle rod stabilization had a high surgical success rate (88.2%) with low complication.
• No link was found between CvHL and hip dysplasia or OA in most cases (only 2/108 showed OA).

🔍 Key Findings

• Study compared 606 dogs (English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, Pugs) undergoing partial staphylectomy via CO₂ laser, bipolar vessel sealing device (BVSD), or conventional incision.
• Mortality rate: 4.0% (24/606).
• BVSD was associated with significantly increased perioperative mortality compared to other methods (OR = 6.0, 95% CI: 1.3–28.4, p = .023).
• High-grade laryngeal collapse (stage II or III) independently increased mortality risk (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.8–11.8, p = .002).
• No difference in mortality between CO₂ laser and conventional incision techniques.
• CO₂ laser and conventional techniques had similar complication rates.

🔍 Key Findings

• Single-port laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy (SP-LAC) was feasible in 13/14 dogs with abdominal cryptorchidism.
• Median surgical time was 17 min for unilateral and 27 min for bilateral cryptorchidectomy.
• All testes were successfully exteriorized through a 15-mm mini-celiotomy in most dogs; only 2 needed slight enlargement.
• One major complication occurred (testicular artery hemorrhage, requiring conversion to open surgery).
• Two minor complications involved trocar-related issues (splenic capsule laceration, capnoretroperitoneum).
• No incisional complications were reported postoperatively; some dogs had mild dermatitis at the clipped site.
• The technique requires only one surgeon and no advanced tools beyond a single-port endoscope.
• Low-pressure capnoperitoneum (6 mmHg) was adequate for visualization in most cases.

🔍 Key Findings

Study population: 12 dogs with medial or lateral tarsocrural joint instability (TCI), including 5 working farm dogs.
Procedure: Temporary immobilization using a calcaneotibial screw (CTS) combined with external coaptation (EC).
Stabilization techniques:

• 3 dogs = primary ligamentous repair
• 8 dogs = synthetic ligament reconstruction
• 2 dogs = malleolar fracture repair

Follow-up: Median 31 months (range 4–66); 10 owners completed outcome survey.
Outcomes:

• All 10 dogs had improved or resolved lameness.
• All 5 farm dogs returned to work (most at full or substantial capacity).
• Complication rate: 4 distinct events in 3 dogs (1 major = CTS breakage; 3 minor = bandage-related soft tissue injuries).

Conclusion: CTS + EC provided effective immobilization with low complication rate, and functional outcomes were favorable even in active dogs.