🔍 Key Findings

• 39 of 40 checklist items for simulated OVH surgical assessment had good content validity (CVI = 0.81)
• Only 1 of 6 items from the OSATS GRS (respect for tissue) met inclusion criteria (CVI = 0.80)
• Checklist showed strong reliability (G-coefficient = 0.85) for moderate-stakes exams
• Modified OSATS GRS showed acceptable reliability (G-coefficient = 0.79)
• Two raters needed for acceptable reliability in high-stakes exams when using the checklist
• Minimal interrater bias found; variance largely due to interaction among student, rater, and item
• Digital recordings were a reliable method of evaluating surgical performance
• Study supports using checklist over OSATS GRS for assessing preclinical students on simulated models

🔍 Key Findings

From “Long-term follow up of 44 cats undergoing total hip replacement” by Rodiño Tilve et al.

• Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) was the most common surgical indication (61%, 34/56 hips), primarily affecting young neutered male cats.
• All THRs used cemented micro/nano BioMedtrix implants; most common femoral stem was size #3, and most common acetabular cup was 12 mm.
• Postoperative complication rate was 19.6% (11/56) with 9 major complications (luxation most common), and no intraoperative complications reported.
• All luxations occurred in hips implanted with femoral neck +0 mm length implants.
• Second luxations were more common when revision used same implant size; use of larger implants reduced reluxation rates.
• FMPI-sf score improved significantly from median 2.111 pre-op to 0.111 post-op (P < .001), indicating reduced pain and improved function.
• Very high owner satisfaction: 91% (30/33) reported outcome as "very good."
• No significant associations found between complications and variables like weight, sex, implant size, or surgical indication.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 16 dogs (18 stifles) with CrCL rupture and TPA >34° were treated using the DCTPLO
• Mean TPA correction: from 39.4° to 6.3°
• Bone union at 60 days in 17/18 stifles; remaining healed by 90 days
• Minor complications (e.g., small wedge gaps) in 2/18 stifles — no major complications
• Patellar ligament thickening seen in 16/18 stifles but no clinical signs noted
• The technique enabled safer reduction with less risk of tibial crest fracture vs. conventional TPLO

🔍 Key Findings

• Study compared 606 dogs (English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, Pugs) undergoing partial staphylectomy via CO₂ laser, bipolar vessel sealing device (BVSD), or conventional incision.
• Mortality rate: 4.0% (24/606).
• BVSD was associated with significantly increased perioperative mortality compared to other methods (OR = 6.0, 95% CI: 1.3–28.4, p = .023).
• High-grade laryngeal collapse (stage II or III) independently increased mortality risk (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.8–11.8, p = .002).
• No difference in mortality between CO₂ laser and conventional incision techniques.
• CO₂ laser and conventional techniques had similar complication rates.

🔍 Key Findings

• UHMWPE implant reconstruction resulted in successful long-term functional recovery in 11/12 limbs (91.7%) with complete follow-up, with restoration of normal tarsal motion in most cats.
• All injuries occurred at the tendino-osseous junction, with 53.8% being complete Achilles tendon ruptures and 46.2% partial gastrocnemius avulsions (Type IIc).
• No intraoperative complications occurred in any of the 13 repaired limbs.
• Complication rate was low (15.4%), with only one calcaneal fracture from screw malposition and one surgical site infection causing implant failure.
• External coaptation was not required in all cases, and outcomes did not differ between limbs with or without rigid coaptation.
• Median long-term follow-up was 18.5 months, with a median FMPI score of 1.5 indicating excellent owner-reported limb function.
• Calcaneal fracture risk was associated with distal interference screw malposition, emphasizing the importance of correct screw placement proximal and caudal to the talocalcaneal central joint.
• The technique may reduce complications associated with transarticular fixation or external skeletal fixation, potentially improving short-term recovery while preserving tendon loading during healing.

🔍 Key Findings

• Overall complication rate was 19.7% (43/218), with most being mild (CSS 1).
• Soft tissue procedures had higher complication rates (26%) than orthopedic procedures (11.6%) (P < 0.01).
• No difference in complication rates between clean, clean-contaminated, and contaminated wounds (P = 0.55).
• No difference in complication rates between labeled use (CCL surgery) and off-label orthopedic procedures (P = 0.21).
• Majority of complications (63%) were mild, resolving without intervention or with topical therapy.
• Severe complications requiring revision surgery were rare (2.3%) and occurred mainly in soft-tissue surgeries.
• Most common complications included SSI (25.6%), dehiscence (16.3%), and seroma (14%).
• Liposomal bupivacaine appears safe for use in broader orthopedic procedures beyond current labeling.

🔍 Key Findings

• Neonatal survival to discharge was 93.1% overall, with no significant difference between brachycephalic (94.8%) and nonbrachycephalic (91.8%) breeds.
• Elective C-section significantly improved neonatal survival (99.2%) compared to emergency C-section (87.1%) (p < .001).
• Larger C-section litter size was positively associated with survival (p = .004; OR 1.57), whereas total litter size had no effect.
• Maternal heart rate and stage of labor were associated with neonatal mortality in univariable analysis, but not multivariable.
• Brachycephalism alone was not a risk factor for neonatal mortality (p = .221) in multivariable analysis.
• Emergency C-section was the strongest predictor of neonatal mortality (OR 4.75), regardless of breed.
• Multidisciplinary team approach likely contributed to high survival rates, emphasizing importance of coordinated care.
• Historical factors such as primiparity and maternal age were not associated with mortality in this cohort.

🔍 Key Findings

• Coaptationless multiligament reconstruction restored stifle stability in all 23 cats, allowing immediate postoperative weight bearing without external immobilization.
• Successful outcome was achieved in 22/23 cats (95.7%), with only one case requiring arthrodesis after recurrent instability.
• Reconstruction of the caudal cruciate ligament (CdCrL) proved critical, as 3 of 4 caudal subluxation complications occurred when the CdCrL was not reconstructed initially.
• Major complications occurred in 26.6% (6/23) and consisted primarily of caudal tibial subluxation (4 cases) and medial patellar luxation (2 cases).
• Revision surgery successfully restored function in most complications, with stable joints and excellent FMPI scores after revision.
• Excellent functional outcomes were reported, with FMPI scores ranging from 0.95–1.0 at 6 months and lameness absent in nearly all cats.
• Early mobilization without postoperative immobilization preserved range of motion, with minimal osteoarthritis progression observed over 6 months.
• Internal brace principles using TightRope constructs, knotless anchors, and UHMWPE sutures provided strong multiplanar stabilization, supporting immediate limb use and favorable clinical outcomes.

🔍 Key Findings

Study type: Cadaveric stifle arthroscopy in large breed dogs (n=12 joints from 6 dogs)
Goal: Describe and assess the proximal lateral portal for insertion of a Ventura stifle thrust lever (VSTL)
Main results:

• No damage to the long digital extensor tendon (LDE) with this portal
• VSTL could be placed without removing the arthroscope
• Portal creation time ~37 seconds (faster than previously reported)

Cartilage impact:

• Superficial iatrogenic articular cartilage injury (IACI) present in all specimens
• No difference in IACI between 5- and 10-minute lever durations
• Zone 4 (lateral femoral condyle) had significantly more damage than zones 1–3 (p < .05)

Conclusion: Portal was safe, repeatable, minimally invasive, and did not increase cartilage damage with up to 10-minute lever use

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Ex vivo cadaver study using 5 paired canine thoracic limbs
• Compared medial opening wedge osteotomy (MOWO) and external rotational osteotomy (ERO) of the humerus
• Measured pressure changes in the medial compartment using thin-film sensors
• ERO significantly reduced peak pressure and pressure distribution in the medial elbow compartment (p < 0.05)
• MOWO showed no significant pressure reduction relative to native state
• Combined MOWO + ERO did not significantly improve over ERO alone
• Findings support the biomechanical rationale for ERO as a surgical strategy to offload the medial compartment in cases like medial compartment disease (MCD)