🔍 Key Findings

Population: 29 Boxer dogs and 29 age-matched Labrador Retrievers undergoing TPLO.
Scoring Systems Compared: 5-point vs. 10-point radiographic healing systems.
Healing Scores (Week 8):

• Boxers: 5-point mean = 3.3; 10-point mean = 6.9
• Labradors: 5-point mean = 3.6; 10-point mean = 7.5
• → Statistically significant difference (p = 0.0003 and p < 0.0001)

Osteotomy Gap ≥1 mm (present in 16.4%): Associated with significantly lower healing scores and increased recommendations for additional radiographic follow-up (p < 0.0001).
Observer Reliability:

• Both systems = good interobserver consistency.
• Slightly better intraobserver consistency with the 10-point scale.

Clinical Implication: Boxer dogs may need extended healing time or altered follow-up strategy after TPLO.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Normative ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI T2* values were established for:
  • Patellar ligament (PL): T2*L = 4.65 ms
  • Cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL): T2*L = 5.99 ms
  • Caudal cruciate ligament (CdCL): T2*L = 7.06 ms
• Statistically significant differences in T2*L values were found between:
  • PL vs. CrCL (p = 0.03)
  • PL vs. CdCL (p = 0.0097)
  • CrCL vs. CdCL (p = 0.03)
• No significant differences in short T2* (T2*S) values across ligaments.
• Study highlights potential of UTE MRI to detect early ligament changes even without physical instability.
• May guide early diagnosis in partial CrCL rupture where standard MRI is limited.

🔍 Key Findings

• First reported case of total cystectomy and bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy in a cat using a modified Toyoda technique.
• Histologically complete tumor resection was achieved, with tumor-free ureter and urethral margins >20 mm.
• The modified Toyoda technique involved shaping the ureter into a fish-mouth aperture and anastomosing it to a rectangular skin defect for stomal formation.
• Incontinence was managed using a diaper changed every 6–8 hours, with no dermatological complications.
• Obstruction of the right ureter occurred 14 months post-op, associated with a subcutaneous nodule at the anastomosis site.
• Despite incontinence, owner satisfaction and perceived quality of life were high, with the cat living ~16 months post-op.
• The stents were removed on days 7 (left) and 28 (right) postoperatively, with initial patency maintained until 14 months.
• This surgical approach may offer palliative or curative benefit for feline trigonal TCC where partial cystectomy is not feasible.

🔍 Key Findings

Study type: Cadaveric stifle arthroscopy in large breed dogs (n=12 joints from 6 dogs)
Goal: Describe and assess the proximal lateral portal for insertion of a Ventura stifle thrust lever (VSTL)
Main results:

• No damage to the long digital extensor tendon (LDE) with this portal
• VSTL could be placed without removing the arthroscope
• Portal creation time ~37 seconds (faster than previously reported)

Cartilage impact:

• Superficial iatrogenic articular cartilage injury (IACI) present in all specimens
• No difference in IACI between 5- and 10-minute lever durations
• Zone 4 (lateral femoral condyle) had significantly more damage than zones 1–3 (p < .05)

Conclusion: Portal was safe, repeatable, minimally invasive, and did not increase cartilage damage with up to 10-minute lever use

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 16 dogs (18 stifles) with CrCL rupture and TPA >34° were treated using the DCTPLO
• Mean TPA correction: from 39.4° to 6.3°
• Bone union at 60 days in 17/18 stifles; remaining healed by 90 days
• Minor complications (e.g., small wedge gaps) in 2/18 stifles — no major complications
• Patellar ligament thickening seen in 16/18 stifles but no clinical signs noted
• The technique enabled safer reduction with less risk of tibial crest fracture vs. conventional TPLO

🔍 Key Findings

• Microvascular density at the site of foreign body obstruction was significantly lower in obstructed dogs compared to healthy controls.
• PBR (perfused boundary region) was paradoxically lower in obstructed dogs, indicating that PBR may not reliably correlate with tissue viability in this context.
• No significant difference in microvascular perfusion between subjectively viable vs nonviable intestines, suggesting subjective assessment is unreliable.
• No difference in perfusion parameters between handsewn and stapled enterectomies, indicating both techniques preserve vascular health equally.
• Stapled enterectomy using green TA staples is safe and did not impair intestinal perfusion at the anastomosis site.
• SDF videomicroscopy is feasible intraoperatively and can differentiate healthy from diseased intestine in dogs.
• Surgeons' subjective evaluations led to potentially unnecessary enterectomies, as microvascular parameters did not differ.
• No cases of dehiscence or mortality, suggesting both surgical approaches are effective when applied properly.

🔍 Key Findings

• Modified block recession calcaneoplasty restored full clinical function in all dogs (11 limbs in 9 dogs) at long-term follow-up.
• Objective gait function improved significantly, with symmetry index improving from 0.20 ± 0.13 preoperatively to 0.05 ± 0.03 at long-term follow-up (p = .03).
• No routine postoperative tarsal immobilization was used, yet stable tendon positioning and excellent outcomes were achieved in most cases.
• Overall complication rate was 45%, including 18% major complications requiring revision surgery and 27% minor complications.
• Only one reluxation occurred, secondary to fracture of an overly narrow medial calcaneal wall; successful revision prevented further recurrence.
• CT confirmed persistent deepening of the calcaneal groove and uneventful healing with variable osseous remodeling at long-term follow-up.
• Ultrasonography demonstrated normalization of tendon fiber architecture at long-term evaluation despite heterogeneous appearance in many tendons at 6 weeks.
• Most dogs were Shetland Sheepdogs (8/9), supporting breed predisposition, and all luxations were lateral.

🔍 Key Findings

• Portal pressure increased proportionally with insufflation pressure: 38% at 6 mmHg, 95% at 10 mmHg, and 175% at 14 mmHg.
• Exponential model: average increase of 7.45% per mmHg of insufflation pressure (CI: 4.7–10.2%).
• No systemic hemodynamic adverse effects were observed; MAP remained >60 mmHg throughout.
• Portal hypertension threshold (15 mmHg) predicted at ~6.4 mmHg insufflation pressure.
• No statistical impact from patient weight, pressure-to-weight ratio, or order of insufflation rounds.
• Measurement technique was feasible and safe, with only minor challenges (e.g., catheter kinking).
• The study supports use of the lowest insufflation pressure needed for visualization to avoid portal hypertension.
• Baseline portal pressures returned after desufflation, supporting comparison pre- and post-attenuation.

🔍 Key Findings

• Owner-reported regurgitation improved after CMS, especially post-eating and during activity (P = .012 and P = .002)
• No significant improvement in VFSS measures of SHH or GER postoperatively (P > .05 for all comparisons)
• Laryngeal ventriculectomy and soft palate resection were performed in all dogs, alaplasty in 14/16
• Aspiration pneumonia occurred in 1 dog immediately post-op and resolved with treatment
• Post-op esophagoscopy results varied, with persistent esophagitis in some cases
• Clinical response was variable, with ~25–30% of dogs being “non-responders” based on owner scoring
• 13/16 dogs showed partial or full clinical improvement, despite no change in objective SHH/GER indicators
• Final follow-up at median 36.5 months showed some dogs still on medical therapy; one underwent further surgery

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 62 fractures in 61 dogs (44 lateral condylar, 18 intracondylar); mostly Spaniels
• LEAP plate used in all cases; minimal intraoperative contouring needed (1 French Bulldog)
• Overall complication rate: ~33%, mostly minor; 1 amputation due to catastrophic infection
• Radiographic healing:
  • Lateral epicondylar part healed in 100%
  • Condylar part healed in ~61.5% LCF and ~57.1% ICF
• Functional outcomes:
  • 87% returned to full limb use
  • Median LOAD score: 2 for LCF, 6.5 for ICF
• Design adjustments made post-study to strengthen weak zones around 3rd–4th screw holes