Your Custom Quiz
In David 2024 et al., on single-port cryptorchidectomy, why was a 6 mmHg capnoperitoneum preferred?
🔍 Key Findings
- Single-port laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy (SP-LAC) was feasible in 13/14 dogs with abdominal cryptorchidism.
- Median surgical time was 17 min for unilateral and 27 min for bilateral cryptorchidectomy.
- All testes were successfully exteriorized through a 15-mm mini-celiotomy in most dogs; only 2 needed slight enlargement.
- One major complication occurred (testicular artery hemorrhage, requiring conversion to open surgery).
- Two minor complications involved trocar-related issues (splenic capsule laceration, capnoretroperitoneum).
- No incisional complications were reported postoperatively; some dogs had mild dermatitis at the clipped site.
- The technique requires only one surgeon and no advanced tools beyond a single-port endoscope.
- Low-pressure capnoperitoneum (6 mmHg) was adequate for visualization in most cases.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Single-port laparoscopic-assisted abdominal cryptorchidectomy in 14 dogs
2024-3-VS-david-5
In Chik 2026 et al., on barbed gastropexy outcomes, which statement best describes recurrence outcomes between barbed suture gastropexy (BSG) and standard incisional gastropexy (SIG)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Barbed suture gastropexy (BSG) significantly reduced surgical time compared with standard incisional gastropexy (SIG) when performed alone (53.3 vs 62.6 min, p = .03).
- Perioperative mortality was 5.79% (7/121) and did not differ between techniques (SIG 5/63 vs BSG 2/58; p = .28).
- No significant difference in perioperative or postoperative complication rates between BSG and SIG (p = .12).
- Recurrence of GDV or gastric dilatation without volvulus did not differ between groups, supporting comparable efficacy of the techniques.
- Postoperative gastrointestinal signs occurred in ~23% of dogs, with no difference between techniques (p = .33).
- BSG uses abrasion and a single continuous barbed suture without seromuscular incisions, simplifying the procedure.
- Study cohort included 121 dogs (BSG n = 58; SIG n = 63) treated surgically for GDV at a referral hospital.
- Overall conclusion: barbed suture gastropexy is a viable alternative to incisional gastropexy, offering shorter operative time with comparable outcomes and recurrence risk.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2026
Comparison of short-term outcomes and recurrence rates in dogs undergoing open right-sided barbed suture gastropexy and standard incisional gastropexy for treatment of gastric dilatation-volvulus
2026-2-vs-chik-3
In Chik 2024 et al., on cholangioscopy feasibility, which factor most limited advancement of the 3.8 mm disposable endoscope into the common bile duct?
🔍 Key Findings
- Open transcholecystic cholangioscopy was feasible using a 3.8 mm disposable flexible endoscope in all 8 canine cadavers.
- Visualization was consistently achieved up to the junction of the hepatic ducts, common bile duct, and cystic duct.
- Advancement past the junction was limited by the endoscope diameter (3.8 mm) and anatomical flexure.
- The 1.9 mm flexible ureteroscope could visualize the entire biliary tree, including the major duodenal papilla, in a large dog (43.8 kg).
- Endoscopic tools (e.g., 3 Fr grasping forceps) could be passed through the working channel only after removing the irrigation line.
- Standard biopsy forceps were incompatible with the disposable endoscope's 1.2 mm working channel.
- Cadaver study showed no rupture, but clinical extrapolation is limited due to lack of diseased tissue.
- Disposable endoscope setup cost (~$6,100) was significantly lower than traditional endoscopy systems (~$75,000–100,000), improving accessibility.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Feasibility of open cholangioscopy with disposable flexible endoscopes
2024-7-VS-chik-2
In Janas 2024 et al., on ARC outcomes in cats, what was the most common short-term clinical outcome?
🔍 Key Findings:
- Study design: Retrospective, 20 cats with congenital EHPSS treated with ameroid ring constrictor (ARC).
- Perioperative complication rate: 25% (5/20), including seizures, blindness, ascites, and one death.
- Short-term outcomes (18 cats):
- Excellent: 14
- Good: 2
- Poor: 2
- Long-term outcomes (18 cats):
- Excellent: 15
- Good: 1
- Poor: 2
- Persistent seizures: Noted in some cats despite normal bile acids and CBC/chemistry.
- Preoperative blindness resolved in most cats.
- Mean follow-up duration: Median 8 years.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical outcomes for 20 cats with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts treated with ameroid constrictor ring attenuation (2002–2020)
2024-2-VS-janas-2
In Miraldo 2026 et al., on TPLO plate compression, which TPLO plate design generated the highest and most uniform interfragmentary compression across quadrants?
🔍 Key Findings
- Biocurve TPLO plate generated the highest and most uniform interfragmentary compression, particularly in the cranial quadrants (Q1: 0.285 MPa; Q2: 0.304 MPa), due to its opposing angled dynamic compression holes.
- Synthes TPLO plate produced the lowest compression across all quadrants (0.050–0.111 MPa), remaining within the low compression range.
- Arthrex plate achieved intermediate compression, with high compression in the craniolateral quadrant (Q2: 0.292 MPa) but only moderate compression elsewhere.
- Plate design significantly affected compression distribution (p < 0.001), confirming that screw hole orientation and plate geometry influence osteotomy compression patterns.
- Cranial compression (Q1–Q2) was greatest with the Biocurve plate, potentially improving stability against “rock-back” or loss of tibial plateau angle.
- No significant differences between plates were found in caudal quadrants (Q3–Q4), suggesting plate design primarily affects cranial compression.
- Pressure-sensitive film analysis allowed quantitative mapping of compression patterns, dividing the osteotomy interface into four quadrants for standardized comparison.
- Clinical superiority of one plate was not concluded, but findings suggest plate geometry and dynamic compression hole orientation influence mechanical stability during TPLO fixation.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
1
2026
Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy Plate Design Influences Interfragmentary Compression: An In Vitro Study
2026-1-vcot-miraldo-1
In Kurogochi 2025 et al., on cardioplegia in mitral repair, what was the effect of mDN solution on sinus rhythm recovery?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in cardiac troponin I levels 12h post-op between mDN and St. Thomas cardioplegia groups (p = 0.478)
- Sinus rhythm returned faster in the mDN group after aortic cross-clamp removal (median 60s vs 362s, p = 0.027)
- Lower serum potassium at cross-clamp removal in the mDN group (median 4.5 mEq/L vs 5.4, p = 0.005)
- Fewer doses needed in the mDN group (median 2.5 vs 4.0, p = 0.040)
- Higher total crystalloid volume used in mDN group (23.6 vs 12.6 mL/kg, p < 0.001)
- No difference in survival (700-day survival 90% in both groups, p = 0.958)
- No difference in hospitalization duration (median 6 days for both, p = 0.789)
- Echocardiographic remodeling similar between groups at 24h post-op
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Saline‐based modified del Nido cardioplegia versus multidose St. Thomas cardioplegia in canine mitral valve repair: A randomized controlled trial
2025-7-VS-kurogochi-1
In Wylie 2025 et al., on femoral implant accuracy, which factor was significantly associated with more accurate implant placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- Accurate femoral isometric placement was achieved in 63% of cases, significantly more with SwiveLock (78.6%) than FASTak (38.9%).
- Inaccurate placement was associated with increased internal tibial rotation at follow-up (p = .009), suggesting potential implant failure.
- Pivot shift grade improved in 90.9% of stifles postoperatively, regardless of implant positioning accuracy.
- SwiveLock implants had a faster learning curve and higher placement accuracy than FASTak.
- Higher patient weight was linked to more accurate implant placement (p = .012), likely due to easier anatomical landmark identification.
- No correlation found between implant type or positioning accuracy and final pivot shift grade at 6 weeks.
- Minor and major complications were low and not significantly different between implant types.
- A simplified 2-grade pivot shift system was proposed for clinical use (Grade 1: glide, Grade 2: clunk), aiding intraoperative decision-making.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Evaluation of femoral isometric placement accuracy of internal brace implants and its impact on stifle stability in the management of pivot shift phenomenon following TPLO
2025-7-VS-wylie-4
In Williams 2024 et al., on adrenaline use in maxillary nerve blocks, what was the observed reduction in median intraoperative hemorrhage in the adrenaline group compared to the no-adrenaline group?
🔍 Key Findings
- The addition of adrenaline (0.00198%) to bilateral maxillary nerve blocks significantly reduced intraoperative hemorrhage in dogs undergoing sharp staphylectomy (median reduction: 77.1%).
- Normalized hemorrhage (g/kg) and total hemorrhage (g) were significantly lower in the adrenaline group (p = .021 and p = .013, respectively).
- Surgeon-assessed hemorrhage scores were also significantly lower in the adrenaline group (median 2 vs. 3; p = .029), indicating improved surgical visibility.
- No adverse effects (e.g. tachycardia, arrhythmia, or hypertension) were observed with adrenaline administration.
- A standardized intraoral approach to the maxillary nerve block was used with 0.5 mL per side regardless of dog size.
- Breed effect observed: English Bulldogs had higher normalized hemorrhage, possibly due to anatomical variation or underdosing relative to size.
- Adrenaline may also prolong local anesthetic action and reduce blood aspiration risks, though this was not directly measured.
- The study supports the routine inclusion of adrenaline in maxillary nerve blocks for staphylectomy in BOAS patients to improve surgical field and reduce bleeding.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Evaluation of the addition of adrenaline in a bilateral maxillary nerve block to reduce hemorrhage in dogs undergoing sharp staphylectomy for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. A prospective, randomized study
2024-8-VS-williams-1
In Williams 2024 et al., on breed effects, which breed exhibited significantly greater hemorrhage, even after normalization?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded controlled trial
- Population: 32 brachycephalic dogs undergoing cut-and-sew sharp staphylectomy
- Groups: Adrenaline + lidocaine (Group A) vs. Lidocaine only (Group NA)
- Main Findings:
- Total hemorrhage significantly lower in Group A (median 1.82 g) vs Group NA (7.95 g); p = .013
- Normalized hemorrhage significantly lower in Group A; p = .021
- Surgeon-assigned hemorrhage scores significantly lower in Group A; p = .029
- No adverse effects (tachycardia, hypertension, arrhythmia, etc.) noted from adrenaline use
- Breed effect: English Bulldogs bled more overall even after normalization
- Clinical Implication: Adrenaline in nerve blocks reduces hemorrhage without added risk
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Evaluation of the addition of adrenaline in a bilateral maxillary nerve block to reduce hemorrhage in dogs undergoing sharp staphylectomy for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. A prospective, randomized study
2024-1-VS-williams-4
In Evers 2023 et al., on medial meniscal tear detection, what was concluded regarding the morbidity associated with needle arthroscopy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Needle arthroscopy (NA) had 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity for diagnosing medial meniscal tears in dogs with CCLR.
- NA missed 1 medial and 1 lateral meniscal tear, both nondisplaced and stable.
- Visibility of all meniscal horns was significantly lower with NA compared to standard arthroscopy (SA) (P < .005 for all horns).
- Probing the caudal horn of the lateral meniscus was significantly more difficult with NA (P = .0017), though medial horn probing was similar.
- Mean NA procedure time was 8 ± 3 minutes, significantly shorter than SA (15 ± 9 min, P = .0041).
- No increase in lameness observed after NA, indicating minimal procedural morbidity.
- NA was performed under sedation in most dogs, though 10/26 required additional chemical restraint or short anesthesia.
- NA was most accurate for displaced vertical longitudinal tears, with all 14 correctly identified; one stable tear and a lateral tear were missed.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Accuracy of needle arthroscopy for the diagnosis of medial meniscal tears in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture
2023-6-vs-evers-5
Quiz Results
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Key Findings