🔍 Key Findings

• Minimally invasive fluoroscopic technique yielded median reduction of 94.1% immediately postoperative.
• Screw purchase ≥60% in sacral body achieved in 82% of cases, with median purchase of 73.3%.
• One screw exited caudally; no dorsal, ventral, or cranial exits reported.
• At 7-week follow-up, reduction and purchase slightly declined but remained effective (p = .008 and p = .013).
• No screw loosening observed, even in suboptimal reductions or purchases.
• Pelvic canal width and symmetry (PCDR and HCWR) were restored and maintained.
• Excellent long-term function: FMPI ≥0.98 in 9 of 10 cats; owners reported 10/10 satisfaction.
• Fluoroscopy enabled accurate screw placement and minimized tissue trauma, contributing to rapid recovery.

🔍 Key Findings

• Applied force and hip laxity showed a predictable force–laxity relationship, validating previous cadaver findings in live sedated dogs.
• 90% of hip joints achieved ≥90% of maximal laxity at 80.45 N, establishing a practical minimum force target during stress radiography.
• LImax was not significantly affected by osteoarthritis, sex, age, or side, supporting robustness of the technique.
• Body weight significantly influenced both LImax and force–laxity curves, although this may reflect study population bias.
• Median LImax was 0.48 (range 0.32–0.78), with maximal laxity reached at forces ranging from 66–123 N.
• The force–laxity curve demonstrated a rapid rise followed by a plateau, indicating a threshold beyond which additional force yields minimal additional subluxation.
• Sedated dogs required approximately 15 N less force than cadavers to reach adequate laxity, likely due to muscle relaxation and absence of postmortem stiffness.
• The VMBDmD stress radiography technique demonstrated clinical practicality and reproducibility, supporting its use for canine hip dysplasia screening.

🔍 Key Findings

• Bilateral radial head OCD lesions were identified in a 6-month-old English Bulldog with elbow lameness.
• Medial arthroscopic portals allowed only partial visualization of radial head lesions, insufficient for treatment.
• Lateral arthroscopy portals provided excellent access for fragment removal and abrasion arthroplasty.
• Histopathology confirmed OCD, showing cartilage degeneration and retained cartilaginous cores.
• Dog showed complete resolution of lameness and no elbow pain at 5 months post-op.
• Lesions were caudolateral on the radial head, with discoid elevation of cartilage and clefts.
• Lateral approach avoids major neurovascular structures, reducing iatrogenic risk.
• The authors suggest lateral elbow arthroscopy may have broader indications, including for medial compartment disease or synovial biopsies.

🔍 Key Findings

• CPAD accurately measured angle of lateral opening (ALO) on sagittal radiographs with near-perfect agreement (Lin’s Rc = 0.994) compared with known angles.
• No significant difference between measured and true ALO values was detected (p = 0.655), supporting accuracy of the device for this parameter.
• Mean ALO measurement error was only 0.14° ± 1.18°, indicating high precision of the CPAD method.
• Open-face version measurements were significantly inaccurate compared with known values (p < 0.0001).
• Mean error in version measurement was 9.5° ± 6.31°, showing only moderate agreement (Rc = 0.424).
• Measurement error in version likely resulted from radiographic superimposition of the V-axis bar with the cup edge, making bar endpoints difficult to identify.
• CPAD accuracy for ALO (~1.18°) is nearly five times better than previous radiographic techniques, which typically achieve ~5° accuracy.
• Intraoperative fluoroscopic use of CPAD may allow real-time adjustment of cup orientation, potentially reducing luxation risk after canine THA.

🔍 Key Findings

• Early enteral nutrition (<24–48 hrs) is associated with improved survival and reduced hospitalization in dogs with septic peritonitis.
• Appropriate empirical antimicrobials improve survival in cats, but data are mixed in dogs.
• Recurrent septic peritonitis (RecSP) has poor survival (0%–43.9%); most common cause is gastrointestinal dehiscence.
• Intraoperative hypotension and preoperative hypoalbuminemia may increase dehiscence risk, though findings are inconsistent.
• Lidocaine CRI during surgery improves survival over opioids alone in dogs.
• Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is not recommended due to risks of coagulopathy and kidney injury; albumin use is controversial.
• Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is under-recognized but contributes to mortality; IAP monitoring should be considered.
• Diagnostic tests (effusion lactate, glucose, cytology) are unreliable for detecting RecSP; clinical judgment and ultrasound are advised.

🔍 Key Findings

• Temporary transarticular locking plates successfully immobilized the stifle joint for protection of primary repairs (e.g., ligament reconstruction or articular fracture fixation) in dogs and cats.
• 15 stifle joints in 13 patients met inclusion criteria (9 dogs, 4 cats) treated for injuries such as patellar fracture, patellar ligament rupture, stifle luxation, and femoral condylar fractures.
• The plate was contoured along the medial distal femur and proximal tibia, immobilizing the joint at 135–145° extension with at least three screws in each bone segment.
• Implant removal occurred at a median of 58 days (range 27–96), aligning with the planned ~6-week immobilization period intended to protect repair while limiting cartilage damage.
• No intraoperative complications were reported, and all animals were able to ambulate comfortably postoperatively.
• One major complication (plate breakage at 19 days) required early removal and temporary orthotic support.
• Four minor complications involved plate breakage occurring after the recommended removal time, often related to delayed follow-up appointments.
• Respecting the planned 6-week implant removal is important to prevent implant failure, and dedicated anatomically designed plates may further improve technique reliability.

🔍 Key Findings

• Perineal hernia repair was feasible in dorsal recumbency in all 23 dogs, allowing simultaneous perineal and abdominal procedures without repositioning.
• Internal obturator muscle transposition (IOMT) was successfully performed in 22 dogs, with tendon transection facilitating improved muscle elevation.
• Complication rate was 60.9% in-hospital and 47.8% post-discharge, mostly minor (e.g., swelling, drainage), with infection suspected in 4 dogs (17.4%).
• Recurrence rate was 19% overall, but significantly higher in dogs with prior hernia repairs (50% vs 5.9%; p = 0.053).
• Dogs without prior repairs or organ pexies had no recurrences (p = 0.035), suggesting primary repairs without preexisting interventions fare better.
• Castration and adjunctive abdominal procedures (e.g., colopexy, cystopexy) were often performed concurrently (18/23 dogs).
• Colopexy did not prevent recurrence, although it aided in surgical visualization during perineal repair.
• Dorsal positioning allowed simultaneous access to the abdomen and perineum, improving surgical efficiency without added complications.

🔍 Key Findings

Design: Ex vivo cadaver study (n=8 dogs, 24 sites)
Comparison: Freehand vs. 3D-printed drill guide-assisted ventral slot (GAVS vs FHVS)
Findings:

• GAVS produced slots not significantly different from planned dimensions (p = .722–.875)
• FHVS produced significantly shorter slots than intended (p < .01)
• No difference in surgical time (p = .071)
• Shape ratio and slot divergence from midline were similar between groups (p > .4)
• Use of guide significantly reduced variability in slot position (63% → 29%), shape (65% → 24%), and divergence (54% → 50%)

Conclusion: 3D-printed guides improved accuracy and consistency of ventral slot creation by novice surgeons; supports future evaluation in live dogs and small breeds

🔍 Key Findings

• Mitral valve plasty (MVP) in dogs with MMVD significantly reduced regurgitant volume and fraction, and normalized LA:Ao ratio, indicating reversal of volume overload.
• MVP altered mitral valve geometry, with reduced annular dimensions and increased coaptation length, enhancing valve competence.
• Postoperative LA:Ao ratio dropped from 2.2 to 1.2, consistent with improved left atrial pressure and size.
• Forward stroke volume index and cardiac index increased at 3 months, reflecting improved hemodynamic function despite reduced fractional shortening.
• Three dogs (3.9%) died postoperatively, highlighting a 96.1% survival rate within 3 months.
• The repair technique involved artificial chordal replacement and annuloplasty; no cleft closure or leaflet suturing was used.
• Color Doppler echocardiography confirmed substantial reduction in mitral regurgitation postoperatively in most dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• 3D-printed drill guides (3D-GDT) significantly reduced craniocaudal and dorsoventral drilling angle deviation compared to free-hand drilling technique (FHDT), with statistical significance (p < .0001 and p = .01 respectively).
• No sacral corridor breaches occurred with 3D-GDT, whereas FHDT resulted in 20% drill exit incidences (3/15 cases).
• 3D-GDT had lower deviation from optimal drill trajectory at end points in all axes: craniocaudal (1.84 ± 1.6 mm vs. 4.18 ± 2.4 mm), dorsoventral (1.11 ± 1.0 mm vs. 2.4 ± 1.5 mm), and 3D linear (2.47 ± 1.4 mm vs. 5.35 ± 2.2 mm), all statistically significant.
• Strong correlation (r = 0.77) between CT and 3D software measurements validated method reliability.
• 3D guide trajectories showed consistent proximity to the optimal trajectory, especially at drill endpoints, indicating reduced variability in execution.
• 3D-GDT was developed using open-source software and inexpensive materials, supporting future clinical application.
• Major errors in FHDT occurred primarily at the drill endpoint, underscoring the challenge of maintaining optimal angulation during free-hand drilling.
• The sacral corridor was recharacterized as pyramidal (not quadrilateral), with implications for safer implant placement.