Your Custom Quiz
In Downey 2023 et al., on lung lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation, what percentage of thoracoscopic lung lobectomies (TL) required conversion to open or assisted procedures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Thoracoscopic (TL) and thoracoscopic-assisted (TAL) lobectomy were performed in 12 dogs with non-neoplastic pulmonary consolidation.
- 44% (4/9) of TL cases required conversion, most often due to pleural adhesions or poor visualization — a higher rate than for neoplastic lobectomies.
- Surgical mortality was 8.3% (1/12 dogs), with death attributed to unaddressed BOAS, not surgical complications.
- All 11 surviving dogs had no recurrence of clinical signs at a median 24-month follow-up.
- Perioperative complications occurred in 58% (7/12): pneumothorax (2), hemorrhage (3), wound dehiscence (1), progressive pneumonia (1).
- One-lung ventilation (OLV) was successful in 78% of TL dogs but may be harder to achieve in brachycephalic breeds.
- Most dogs had infectious pneumonia (10/12), with bacterial causes identified in 8; fungal and viral etiologies were less common.
- Hospitalization was short, with median stays of 3–4 days depending on approach and conversion status.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Evaluation of long‐term outcome after lung lobectomy for canine non‐neoplastic pulmonary consolidation via thoracoscopic or thoracoscopic‐assisted surgery in 12 dogs
2023-6-vs-downey-2-bb55d
In Vodnarek 2024 et al., on nasopharyngeal fluoroscopy, what was the **main limitation** of grading using ΔL thresholds?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study population: 36 brachycephalic dogs (20 French bulldogs, 16 pugs).
- Objective: Compare intra- and interobserver reliability for fluoroscopic measurement of nasopharyngeal collapse using two methods:
- Functional method
- Anatomically adjusted method
- Key measurements: Minimum (LMin), maximum (LMax) dorsoventral height, and dynamic change ratio (ΔL).
- Outcomes:
- Intraobserver agreement for ΔL was higher with the functional method (ICC 0.751 vs. 0.576).
- Observer 1 (radiologist) showed excellent repeatability (>0.9 ICC).
- Agreement for grading collapse was only moderate (κ ~0.49–0.53), worse than ΔL-based agreement.
- ΔL ≥ 0.5 to <1 = partial collapse; ΔL = 1 = complete collapse.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Reliability of fluoroscopic examination of nasopharyngeal dorsoventral dimension change in pugs and French bulldogs
2024-1-VS-vodnarek-4
In Anderson 2025 et al., on wound drain configurations, what was the rate of leakage observed across all wounds?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study Design: Cadaveric model using four large-breed dogs with 10x10 cm full-thickness wounds at four locations (shoulder, thorax, flank, thigh).
- Configurations Tested: Diagonal, opposite, parallel, and perpendicular placements of wound infusion catheter and JP drain.
- Fluid Retrieval:
- No significant difference by configuration (p = .92) or location (p = .32).
- Perpendicular configuration had the highest mean retrieval (11.35 mL, 56.8% of instilled volume).
- Flank location had the lowest retrieval (7.2 mL, 35.9%).
- Surface Area Coverage:
- Parallel configuration achieved the highest SA coverage (83.4% ± 11.6%, p < .01).
- Perpendicular was lowest.
- Leakage:
- No difference in leakage between configurations (p = .74) or locations (p = .10).
- Leakage commonly occurred at drain or catheter entry points (93.8% of wounds).
- Conclusion: Parallel drain configuration optimized fluid dispersion. Infusion-retrieval systems may allow for topical therapy delivery in closed wounds.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
Application and influence of four drain configurations on fluid dispersal and retrieval in a cadaveric canine wound infusion-retrieval system model
2025-2-VS-anderson2-3
In Trommelmans 2026 et al., on DPO DARA change, which imaging modality was used to measure dorsal acetabular rim angle (DARA)?
🔍 Key Findings
- Double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) significantly decreases dorsal acetabular rim angle (DARA), confirming improved acetabular ventroversion and femoral head coverage in dysplastic hips.
- The achieved acetabular ventroversion is consistently less than the plate’s predetermined angle, indicating predictable loss of rotation during DPO.
- Median reduction in DARA was 23.4°, 16.7°, and 15° with 30°, 25°, and 20° plates respectively, demonstrating that larger plates produce greater rotation but still less than intended.
- Actual ventroversion achieved was ~5–8° less than the plate angle, with median losses of 6.6°, 8.3°, and 5° for 30°, 25°, and 20° plates.
- Postoperative DARA decreased from ~16–18° preoperatively to approximately −4°, aligning with recommended postoperative acetabular slope targets.
- Postoperative DARA remained stable on short-term (~48 days) and long-term (~386 days) CT follow-up, suggesting minimal remodeling after DPO.
- Most acetabular rotation (~88%) occurs at the pelvic symphysis rather than through iliac torsion, explaining partial loss of rotation relative to plate angle.
- CT-measured DARA provides a reliable surgical planning metric and may improve implant angle selection for DPO procedures.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
1
2026
Effect of Double Pelvic Osteotomy on Dorsal Acetabular Rim Angle Using Computed Tomography in 27 Dogs
2026-1-vcot-trommelmans-3
In Muroi 2024 et al., on radius plate stress effects, what was the significant effect of locking plate (LP) placement on cranial cortical bone stress?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Finite element analysis compared intact radii vs. locking plates placed 1 mm or 3 mm above the bone
- LP placement significantly reduced tensile (maximum principal) stress on cranial cortex, potentially causing implant-induced osteoporosis
- Shell element findings:
- Max principal stress significantly lower in both LP groups vs. intact (p < 0.05)
- Solid element findings:
- Equivalent stress higher and max principal stress lower in LP groups
- Implication: Tension reduction may impair bone remodeling; implant design and placement height affect stress environment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Stress Changes in the Canine Radius after Locking Plate Fixation Using Finite Element Analysis
2024-3-VCOT-muroi-1
In Boullenger 2025 et al., on traumatic patellar luxation, what surgical technique was performed in all cases?
🔍 Key Findings
- Patients: 16 (11 dogs, 5 cats); 6.1% of canine and 23.8% of feline PL cases were traumatic.
- Most common luxation direction: Medial (81.3%).
- Surgery: All had capsular imbrication; 75% had fabello-patellar suture (FPS).
- Short-term results (13/16 cases):
- 77% had no lameness by 2 months.
- 85% had no PL recurrence.
- 3 severe complications: capsulorrhaphy tear, FPS fabellar tear, septic arthritis.
- Long-term results (13/16 cases):
- 85% lameness-free.
- 77% full function; 23% acceptable.
- 0 reluxations reported by owners.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2025
Clinical Presentation, Surgical Treatment, and Outcome of Traumatic Patellar Luxation in 11 Dogs and 5 Cats: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study between 2011 and 2022
2025-1-VC-boullenger-3
In Tobias 2022 et al., on perineal hernia repair positioning, which technique was used in 22 out of 23 dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Perineal hernia repair was feasible in dorsal recumbency in all 23 dogs, allowing simultaneous perineal and abdominal procedures without repositioning.
- Internal obturator muscle transposition (IOMT) was successfully performed in 22 dogs, with tendon transection facilitating improved muscle elevation.
- Complication rate was 60.9% in-hospital and 47.8% post-discharge, mostly minor (e.g., swelling, drainage), with infection suspected in 4 dogs (17.4%).
- Recurrence rate was 19% overall, but significantly higher in dogs with prior hernia repairs (50% vs 5.9%; p = 0.053).
- Dogs without prior repairs or organ pexies had no recurrences (p = 0.035), suggesting primary repairs without preexisting interventions fare better.
- Castration and adjunctive abdominal procedures (e.g., colopexy, cystopexy) were often performed concurrently (18/23 dogs).
- Colopexy did not prevent recurrence, although it aided in surgical visualization during perineal repair.
- Dorsal positioning allowed simultaneous access to the abdomen and perineum, improving surgical efficiency without added complications.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Perineal hernia repair in dorsal recumbency in 23 dogs: Description of technique, complications, and outcome
2022-5-VS-tobias-3
In Knell 2026 et al., on feline stifle luxation, which implant system was used for cranial cruciate ligament reconstruction?
🔍 Key Findings
- Coaptationless multiligament reconstruction restored stifle stability in all 23 cats, allowing immediate postoperative weight bearing without external immobilization.
- Successful outcome was achieved in 22/23 cats (95.7%), with only one case requiring arthrodesis after recurrent instability.
- Reconstruction of the caudal cruciate ligament (CdCrL) proved critical, as 3 of 4 caudal subluxation complications occurred when the CdCrL was not reconstructed initially.
- Major complications occurred in 26.6% (6/23) and consisted primarily of caudal tibial subluxation (4 cases) and medial patellar luxation (2 cases).
- Revision surgery successfully restored function in most complications, with stable joints and excellent FMPI scores after revision.
- Excellent functional outcomes were reported, with FMPI scores ranging from 0.95–1.0 at 6 months and lameness absent in nearly all cats.
- Early mobilization without postoperative immobilization preserved range of motion, with minimal osteoarthritis progression observed over 6 months.
- Internal brace principles using TightRope constructs, knotless anchors, and UHMWPE sutures provided strong multiplanar stabilization, supporting immediate limb use and favorable clinical outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2026
A multiligament, internal brace, coaptationless stifle reconstruction technique for feline stifle luxation
2026-4-vs-knell-3
In Butare-Smith 2022 et al., on cerclage knot biomechanics, which knot type demonstrated the highest resistance to cyclic loading before loosening?
🔍 Key Findings
- Double-loop cerclage resisted the highest peak load (805 N) and maintained tension longer than twist (488 N) and single-loop (397 N) configurations.
- Double-loop cerclage sustained 500,000 cycles at 60–80% of peak load in some cases without loosening, outperforming other types.
- Twist knots loosened rapidly, often within 10 cycles even at low loads (100–390 N).
- Single-loop knots performed better than twist, with partial resistance up to 100,000 cycles at 160 N, but showed wide variability.
- All loosening occurred before wire breakage, indicating clinical failure would happen from slack, not fracture.
- Double-loop cerclage had highest initial tension (323 N) compared to single-loop (124 N) and twist (69 N).
- Fatigue limit was not identified for twist, since they all loosened early at even 20% of peak load.
- Clinical recommendation: double-loop cerclage is best for resisting repeated subfailure loading, ideal for fissure prevention or fragment stabilization.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Double-loop cerclage resists greater loads for more cycles than twist and single-loop cerclage
2022-2-VS-butare-smith-1
In Zingel 2026 et al., on canine ankle replacement approach, what percentage of bone–implant gaps measured less than 1 mm after implantation?
🔍 Key Findings
- A lateral surgical approach can successfully implant a canine total ankle replacement (cTAR) prosthesis with accurate implant orientation and stable joint mechanics.
- Post-implantation angular laxity was greater after the lateral approach (15.5°) than the medial approach (9.5°, p = 0.044), though joints remained within acceptable stability limits.
- External rotational laxity increased after implantation with both approaches (lateral +5.4°, medial +6.7°), suggesting mild postoperative rotational laxity likely related to soft-tissue dissection.
- Implant alignment differed minimally between approaches, with most alignment differences <4°, indicating comparable surgical accuracy.
- Bone–implant interface gaps were small and similar between approaches, with ~96% of gaps <1 mm, indicating excellent implant seating.
- Damage to the short lateral collateral ligament occurred in 4/5 lateral-approach limbs, likely due to its insertion near the talar articular surface.
- Technical challenges with the lateral approach included COR post placement and fibular fragment retraction, sometimes leading to slightly proximal implant milling.
- Clinical implication: A lateral approach is a viable alternative when medial exposure is difficult (e.g., medial implants, fibrosis, or abnormal medial malleolus), though ligament injury risk must be considered.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2026
Implantation of a Canine Total Ankle Replacement Prosthesis Using a Lateral Surgical Approach is Accurate and Leads to a Stable Joint
2026-2-vcot-zingel-3
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