🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 89 French Bulldogs with HCF; 40.4% (36/89) had contralateral HIF
• Prophylactic transcondylar screws placed in 20/36 HIF; no complications in these
• Complication rate for HCF repair = 13.4% (6.7% minor, 6.7% major)
• Most complications occurred with Kirschner wire fixation
• Short-term outcome: Bone healing observed in all, but 14/45 had persistent intracondylar gap
• Long-term outcomes (n=27):
  • Excellent = 66.7%
  • Good = 29.6%
  • Fair = 3.7%
• Complication-free dogs significantly more likely to have excellent/good outcomes (p = 0.007)

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• ILP and MIP: No significant differences in leak pressure between HSA, FEESA, and SS techniques (p > .05).
• Construct Time:
  • FEESA (no oversew) fastest: 79 ± 30 s
  • HSA-SI slowest: 397 ± 70 s (p < .001)
• Tissue Thickness:
  • Jejunum thickest: 2.28 ± 0.30 mm
  • Stomach thinnest: 1.66 ± 0.28 mm
• Staple Malformation: Noted in 2 FEESA-O constructs, vertical staple line.
• Leak Locations:
  • HSA: All leaked from suture bites
  • FEESA: Leaks from vertical and horizontal staple lines
  • SS: Mostly from staple holes

🔍 Key Findings

• FGPP (fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous pinning) resulted in successful healing in 10/13 fractures, with good limb function.
• Complications occurred in 5 of 11 cases, including intra-articular implants, malunion, implant failure/nonunion, and implant migration.
• Cases with delayed surgery (>15 days) or radiographic remodeling were more likely to experience major complications.
• Most fractures (10/13) were classified as Salter-Harris type I with mild displacement.
• Median surgical time was 60 minutes, and no conversions to open surgery were needed.
• Postoperative femoral neck resorption was minimal, suggesting possible benefits of the minimally invasive approach for preserving vascular supply.
• One intra-articular pin led to progressive joint disease and required femoral head ostectomy.
• FGPP appears best suited for acute, minimally displaced fractures in young dogs (<8 months) with planned elective explant to avoid growth disturbance.

🔍 Key Findings

• Double forwarder (DF) knots had significantly higher knot holding capacity (KHC) than square (SQ) and surgeon’s (SU) knots when tied with <6 throws.
• In 3 USP polyglactin 910, DF knots with 4–5 throws were not significantly stronger than SU knots with 6–8 throws (p > .43).
• DF knots never unraveled, while SQ and SU knots with 4–5 throws showed substantial unraveling.
• KHC did not increase in DF knots when throws increased from 3 to 5.
• Knot volume and weight were significantly higher in DF knots than SQ/SU knots at the same throw count (p < .003).
• DF knots allow sliding placement, potentially useful in minimally invasive or deep cavity procedures.

🔍 Key Findings

• Chlorhexidine-based asepsis protocols were comparable to povidone-iodine for reducing surgical site infection (SSI) rates in veterinary surgery.
• No significant difference in skin bacterial colonization was observed between the two antiseptics, at both immediate and delayed timepoints.
• Chlorhexidine-alcohol protocols showed a non-significant trend toward improved bacterial reduction in some studies, though inconsistent across all studies.
• Use of neutralizing agents was inconsistent, which may have led to overestimation of antiseptic efficacy in several studies.
• Formulations and concentrations varied widely (e.g., chlorhexidine 0.5–4%, povidone-iodine 0.7–1%), contributing to heterogeneity and limiting definitive conclusions.
• Only a minority of studies reported using CDC criteria for SSI diagnosis, affecting the reliability of infection outcomes.
• Risk of bias was high or unclear in multiple domains across all included studies, limiting overall confidence in conclusions.
• Meta-analysis confirmed no statistically significant superiority of either protocol for SSI prevention or skin bacterial reduction.

🔍 Key Findings

• Nasopharyngeal collapse was significantly more severe in brachycephalic dogs (median 65%) than in nonbrachycephalic controls (median 10%) (p = .0001).
• Postoperative fluoroscopy showed no significant improvement in nasopharyngeal collapse (p = .0505), despite reported clinical improvement.
• 70% of brachycephalic dogs had ≥50% collapse; 26% had 100% collapse preoperatively.
• All owners of surgical cases reported clinical improvement, including reduced respiratory noise and improved exercise tolerance.
• Surgical techniques used included combinations of alaplasty, staphylectomy, sacculectomy, and tonsillectomy.
• Improvement in nasopharyngeal dimensions was variable, with some dogs improving ≥45%, some worsening, and one dog showing a 100% increase post-op.
• Pharyngeal collapse may not be solely anatomical; neuromuscular dysfunction (e.g., reduced pharyngeal dilator muscle function) may contribute.
• Current surgical techniques may not address functional airway abnormalities, suggesting a need for multimodal or targeted interventions.

🔍 Key Findings

Synovitis was present in 100% of canine stifles with CCL disease (n = 163).

The most frequent severity score was 3/5 (55.2%), followed by 4/5 (24.5%).

Higher synovitis scores were significantly associated with:

• Higher median cartilage scores (p = .042, OR = 2.1 per unit increase)
• Longer duration of clinical signs (p < .001, OR = 1.27 per month)

Bodyweight (p = .083) and sex (p = .17) were not statistically significant in multivariable analysis.

Bucket handle meniscal tears were not associated with synovitis severity.

Clinical implication: Earlier intervention may help reduce synovitis and slow OA progression.

🔍 Key Findings

• Only 1 of 12 dogs (8.3%) cultured the same single organism (Staphylococcus schleiferi) at TECA and dehiscence sites.
• In 58.3% (7/12), none of the bacteria from TECA cultures were found at dehiscence.
• Staphylococcus spp. were isolated in 83.3% of dehiscence samples.
• Methicillin resistance was high among Staphylococcus isolates: 80% at dehiscence.
• Antibiotic susceptibility differed in 57% (4/7) of cases where the same bacteria were cultured at both time points.
• TECA cultures were not predictive of bacteria at incisional dehiscence.
• 75% of dogs healed with either medical or surgical management.

Recommendation: Repeat cultures at dehiscence to guide antibiotic therapy.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• F + P (forceps + plate compression) achieved the most uniform, high-pressure distribution across all quadrants.
• Kern forceps alone concentrated force in craniomedial quadrant, reducing caudal compression.
• Combining Kern + F improved craniolateral compression but did not restore caudal compression.
• Plate compression alone yielded caudal bias, not uniform pressure.
• Significant inter-method variation in quadrant-specific compression confirmed via ANOVA (p < 0.001 for all quadrants).

🔍 Key Findings

Sample: 21 cats (10 control, 11 affected); 14 normal limbs vs 18 with MPL (MPL II: 7, MPL III: 11).

Significantly different CT measurements in MPL vs control:

• aLDFA: MPL II > control and MPL III (p = 0.014)
• FTW: MPL III > control (p = 0.021)
• FTD: control > MPL II and III (p < 0.001)
• TTA: MPL II and III had increased external tibial torsion vs control (p < 0.001)
• fPL and PV: MPL III cats had longer and more voluminous patellae

No significant differences in AA, mMPTA, TTD, fPW, aPH.
Patella width exceeded trochlear width in all groups.
Authors suggest femoral and tibial angular correction may not be indicated in most feline MPL II–III cases.
Soft tissue techniques and trochleoplasty warrant further investigation.
CT method: Intraobserver ICC good in 64%, interobserver poor in 36% of metrics.