Your Custom Quiz
In Muroi 2024 et al., on radius plate stress effects, how did the 1 mm and 3 mm elevated locking plate groups differ in equivalent stress versus intact controls?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Finite element analysis compared intact radii vs. locking plates placed 1 mm or 3 mm above the bone
- LP placement significantly reduced tensile (maximum principal) stress on cranial cortex, potentially causing implant-induced osteoporosis
- Shell element findings:
- Max principal stress significantly lower in both LP groups vs. intact (p < 0.05)
- Solid element findings:
- Equivalent stress higher and max principal stress lower in LP groups
- Implication: Tension reduction may impair bone remodeling; implant design and placement height affect stress environment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Stress Changes in the Canine Radius after Locking Plate Fixation Using Finite Element Analysis
2024-3-VCOT-muroi-3
In McCagherty 2025 et al., on WID detection accuracy, what was the main type of bacterial population detected in most wound infections?
🔍 Key Findings
- Bacterial fluorescence was detected in all wounds (17 dogs, 4 cats) using the point-of-care wound imaging device (WID).
- The WID confirmed the presence of clinically relevant wound infection in all evaluated cases at the time of imaging.
- No significant difference was found in bacterial yield or burden between image-guided and non-guided swabs (QBC and PCR; p > 0.05).
- The WID helped guide wound debridement in some cases by localizing areas of fluorescence, especially in necrotic tissue.
- Most infections were polymicrobial and dominated by anaerobes, highlighting the need for anaerobic culture inclusion.
- PCR analysis showed low bacterial DNA yields, often complicated by host DNA contamination, limiting its utility.
- The study did not evaluate sensitivity/specificity of WID, as only fluorescence-positive wounds were included.
- Clinical utility of WID lies in immediate visual confirmation of infection, supporting timely antimicrobial treatment decisions.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Diagnostic value of a point of care bacterial fluorescence imaging device for detecting wound infections in dogs and cats
2025-6-VS-mccagherty-5
In Jeon 2025 et al., on distal femoral shortening, what was the **main indication** for performing DFSO during THR in dogs with luxoid hips?
🔍 Key Findings
- Distal femoral shortening osteotomy (DFSO) enabled prosthesis reduction in all 4 dogs with irreducible luxoid hips undergoing total hip replacement.
- Median femoral shortening ratio was 13.8% (range: 10.7–15.3%) based on intraoperative tension needed for prosthesis reduction.
- Bone union was achieved in all cases post-DFSO, indicating good healing potential.
- Two major complications occurred: one prosthetic luxation and one aseptic stem loosening requiring explantation.
- One intraoperative fracture of the greater trochanter occurred during trial reduction before DFSO.
- DFSO did not result in neurovascular injury, even in cases with significant femoral head displacement (>4 cm).
- Radiographic planning with FHD index and intraoperative assessment were crucial for determining DFSO necessity.
- DFSO avoids complications linked to subtrochanteric osteotomy by preserving proximal femoral anatomy and allowing secure distal fixation.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Distal femoral shortening osteotomy for managing irreducible hips during total hip replacement in four dogs with severe luxoid hips
2025-6-VS-jeon-1
In David 2024 et al., on single-port cryptorchidectomy, why was a 6 mmHg capnoperitoneum preferred?
🔍 Key Findings
- Single-port laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy (SP-LAC) was feasible in 13/14 dogs with abdominal cryptorchidism.
- Median surgical time was 17 min for unilateral and 27 min for bilateral cryptorchidectomy.
- All testes were successfully exteriorized through a 15-mm mini-celiotomy in most dogs; only 2 needed slight enlargement.
- One major complication occurred (testicular artery hemorrhage, requiring conversion to open surgery).
- Two minor complications involved trocar-related issues (splenic capsule laceration, capnoretroperitoneum).
- No incisional complications were reported postoperatively; some dogs had mild dermatitis at the clipped site.
- The technique requires only one surgeon and no advanced tools beyond a single-port endoscope.
- Low-pressure capnoperitoneum (6 mmHg) was adequate for visualization in most cases.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Single-port laparoscopic-assisted abdominal cryptorchidectomy in 14 dogs
2024-3-VS-david-5
In Guevara 2024 et al., on implant placement accuracy, which vertebra had the lowest odds of acceptable pin placement?
🔍 Key Findings:
- Sample: 24 canine cadavers, 477 total pins across 240 vertebrae.
- Technique Comparison: 3D printed guides (3DPG) vs freehand (FH).
- Acceptable Placement Rates: 3DPG = 87.5%, FH = 69.8% (p < .0001).
- Odds Ratio for FH: 0.28 (95% CI 0.16–0.47), significantly less likely to yield acceptable placement.
- Worst Accuracy Locations: T10 (OR 0.10), T11 (OR 0.35).
- Surgeon Impact: Surgeon 2 outperformed others (OR 9.61, p = .001).
- Modified Zdichavsky Classification used to score implant accuracy (Grades I–IIIb).
- Primary Benefit of 3DPG: Increased safety and precision, regardless of surgeon experience.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Ex vivo comparison of pin placement with patient-specific drill guides or freehand technique in canine cadaveric spines
2024-2-VS-guevara-3
In Cruciani 2022 et al., on feline pancreaticoduodenostomy, which postoperative finding was observed and monitored without clinical consequence?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left pancreaticoduodenostomy successfully restored digestive continuity after right lobe and body pancreatectomy in a cat.
- No clinical signs of exocrine or endocrine insufficiency were observed postoperatively up to 225 days.
- Histopathology confirmed chronic pancreatitis with abscess formation and reactive lymphadenopathy.
- No postoperative pancreatitis developed, based on imaging and normal feline pancreatic lipase levels.
- Progressive focal ampulla-like dilation of the pancreatic duct occurred near the anastomosis without clinical signs.
- The cat maintained weight and improved clinically for several months post-op, indicating satisfactory outcomes.
- Surgical technique involved end-to-side anastomosis between the left pancreatic duct and duodenum.
- Ultimately, the cat was euthanized due to disseminated carcinoma, presumed unrelated to the pancreatic surgery.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Left pancreaticoduodenostomy after removal of the right lobe and the head of the pancreas in a cat
2022-8-VS-cruciani-2
In Hanlon 2022 et al., on short screw sacroiliac fixation, how did screw positioning affect neurovascular safety?
🔍 Key Findings
- Two short screws (SLS or SPS) provided >2× peak load, yield load, and stiffness vs a single long screw (LLS) for SI joint stabilization.
- No mechanical advantage was seen between the two short screw types (lag vs positional).
- All short screws terminated lateral to the spinal canal, avoiding spinal impingement.
- Ventral sacral foraminal impingement occurred in 3 short-screw cases (1 SPS, 2 SLS), all involving the caudal screw.
- LLS group showed more abaxial displacement at osteotomy sites, suggesting inferior stabilization for concurrent pelvic fractures.
- Short screw constructs had longer total screw length (48 mm) than LLS (40 mm), contributing to increased stiffness.
- Positioning of caudal screw in a cranial/craniodorsal trajectory may help avoid nerve foraminal injury.
- No significant difference in displacement at peak load among groups; stiffness and load capacity were the primary benefits.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Mechanical evaluation of canine sacroiliac joint stabilization using two short screws
2022-7-VS-hanlon-3
In Scortea 2025 et al., on sacroiliac fixation accuracy, which statement regarding sacral bone purchase is correct?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed drill guide technique (3D-DGT) resulted in fewer suboptimal screw placements than minimally invasive osteosynthesis (MIO) (7.14% vs 42.85%), though not statistically significant.
- Entry point translation (EPT) in the dorsoventral direction was significantly lower with 3D-DGT compared with MIO (p = .009).
- Maximum angular screw deviation (MASD) did not differ significantly between 3D-DGT and MIO in dorsal or transverse planes.
- Ventral cortical breach was the most common error with both techniques, more frequent with MIO.
- Achievement of >60% sacral bone purchase was more consistent with 3D-DGT (92.9%) than with MIO (64.3%).
- Modified Gras grade distribution was similar between techniques, with most screws graded as secure (“a” or “b”).
- 3D-DGT required substantially longer preoperative planning time than MIO (median 34 vs 8.5 minutes).
- Both techniques demonstrated overall acceptable accuracy, emphasizing the importance of CT-based planning and assessment.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
6
2025
Comparative analysis of 3D-printed drill guides and minimally invasive osteosynthesis in feline sacroiliac luxation: A cadaveric study
2025-6-VCOT-scortea-4
In Payne 2024 et al., on HIF propagation pattern, which variable showed a linear increase with percentage of HIF (%HIF)?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- HIF typically originates 57° caudal to the supratrochlear foramen and propagates cranially in a segmental pattern.
- %HIF correlated significantly with both fissure depth and length:
- %DHIF increased linearly (r = 0.989, p < 0.001)
- %LHIF followed a sigmoidal relationship with %HIF (p < 0.001)
- Higher %HIF was significantly associated with:
- Clinical lameness (p = 0.004)
- Distal shift in the fissure center (CHIF)
- Implant complications in 5/17 elbows treated with transcondylar screws
- Isthmus diameter increased with weight (p = 0.002), relevant for screw sizing
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Computed Tomography Topographical Analysis of Incomplete Humeral Intracondylar Fissures in English Springer Spaniel Dogs
2024-2-VCOT-payne-2
In Clough 2022 et al., on CBLO-TTT construct testing, why might the CBLO-TTT not suffer the same load-to-failure weakness seen in TPLO-TTT constructs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Combined CBLO-TTT did not reduce load to failure compared to CBLO or TTT alone (P = .81 and P = .12, respectively).
- CBLO-TTT maintains construct strength without significant compromise compared to individual procedures.
- Most common failure mode in CBLO-TTT was displacement of the tibial crest segment with k-wire pullout and tension band untwisting.
- No fulcrum effect was seen in CBLO-TTT, unlike TPLO-TTT combinations, likely due to preservation of buttress effect.
- Patellar ligament avulsion occurred in both CBLO and CBLO-TTT, but not as a clinical concern — possibly artifact from cadaver model.
- Load-to-failure testing was static and unidirectional, not accounting for cyclic fatigue or in vivo healing.
- Plate size and saw blade variation were based on clinical realism, introducing potential variability but not affecting outcomes.
- Study suggests feasibility of simultaneous surgical correction of CCL rupture and MPL using CBLO-TTT in dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Combined center of rotation of angulation‐based leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transposition: An ex vivo mechanical study
2022-3-VS-clough-3
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Key Findings