Your Custom Quiz
In Konno 2026 et al., on hepatic mass resection risks, what was the significance of the corrected distance from the mass to the CVC?
🔍 Key Findings
- Postoperative complications occurred in 17.7% of dogs undergoing hepatic mass resection; mortality was 6.3%
- Shorter corrected distance from hepatic mass to CVC (per 0.1 cm/kg decrease) was significantly associated with increased complications (OR: 0.666; p = .017)
- Presence of underlying disease increased complication risk (OR: 2.703; p = .007)
- Intraoperative hypotension was a strong predictor of complications (OR: 3.589; p = .019)
- Surgical time was borderline significant in multivariable models (OR: 1.011 per min; p = .052)
- Liver lobe location (left, central, right) was not significantly associated with complications
- Prothrombin time (PT) correlated with complication risk in univariable analysis but was not consistently significant in multivariable models
- CT evaluation of mass proximity to the CVC is a useful preoperative predictor of complication risk
Veterinary Surgery
1
2026
Risk factors for complications associated with canine hepatic mass resection: A study of 96 cases
2026-1-VS-konno-2
In Cola 2024 et al., on laparotomy-assisted endoscopy, how did LAER affect the need for postoperative analgesia compared to traditional enterotomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- LAER was effective (partial or complete) in 35/40 cases, regardless of FB location or type.
- Intestinal wall damage significantly increased the likelihood of conversion to enterotomy (p = .043).
- LAER led to significantly shorter hospitalization (median 48 h vs 72 h; p = .006).
- Patients in the LAER group required less postoperative analgesia (median 36 h vs 48 h; p < .001).
- Faster return to spontaneous feeding was seen in LAER group (median 24 h vs 36 h; p = .012).
- No significant difference in complication rate or postoperative ileus between LAER and enterotomy groups.
- Sharp, linear, or multiple FBs did not significantly affect LAER effectiveness.
- Conversion to surgery was required in 5/40 LAER attempts, mostly due to immovable FBs or intestinal damage.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Laparotomy‐assisted endoscopic removal of gastrointestinal foreign bodies: Evaluation of this technique and postoperative recovery in dogs and cats
2024-7-VS-cola-3
In Anderson 2025 et al., on wound drain configurations, what was the rate of leakage observed across all wounds?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study Design: Cadaveric model using four large-breed dogs with 10x10 cm full-thickness wounds at four locations (shoulder, thorax, flank, thigh).
- Configurations Tested: Diagonal, opposite, parallel, and perpendicular placements of wound infusion catheter and JP drain.
- Fluid Retrieval:
- No significant difference by configuration (p = .92) or location (p = .32).
- Perpendicular configuration had the highest mean retrieval (11.35 mL, 56.8% of instilled volume).
- Flank location had the lowest retrieval (7.2 mL, 35.9%).
- Surface Area Coverage:
- Parallel configuration achieved the highest SA coverage (83.4% ± 11.6%, p < .01).
- Perpendicular was lowest.
- Leakage:
- No difference in leakage between configurations (p = .74) or locations (p = .10).
- Leakage commonly occurred at drain or catheter entry points (93.8% of wounds).
- Conclusion: Parallel drain configuration optimized fluid dispersion. Infusion-retrieval systems may allow for topical therapy delivery in closed wounds.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
Application and influence of four drain configurations on fluid dispersal and retrieval in a cadaveric canine wound infusion-retrieval system model
2025-2-VS-anderson2-3
In Clarke 2022 et al., on nasopharyngeal collapse severity, which of the following surgeries was NOT part of the standard corrective procedures performed?
🔍 Key Findings
- Nasopharyngeal collapse was significantly more severe in brachycephalic dogs (median 65%) than in nonbrachycephalic controls (median 10%) (p = .0001).
- Postoperative fluoroscopy showed no significant improvement in nasopharyngeal collapse (p = .0505), despite reported clinical improvement.
- 70% of brachycephalic dogs had ≥50% collapse; 26% had 100% collapse preoperatively.
- All owners of surgical cases reported clinical improvement, including reduced respiratory noise and improved exercise tolerance.
- Surgical techniques used included combinations of alaplasty, staphylectomy, sacculectomy, and tonsillectomy.
- Improvement in nasopharyngeal dimensions was variable, with some dogs improving ≥45%, some worsening, and one dog showing a 100% increase post-op.
- Pharyngeal collapse may not be solely anatomical; neuromuscular dysfunction (e.g., reduced pharyngeal dilator muscle function) may contribute.
- Current surgical techniques may not address functional airway abnormalities, suggesting a need for multimodal or targeted interventions.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Severity of nasopharyngeal collapse before and after corrective upper airway surgery in brachycephalic dogs
2022-6-VS-clarke-4
In Araos 2024 et al., on helmet CPAP in brachycephalic postoperative dogs, which primary outcome showed a significant treatment effect?
🔍 Key Findings
- CPAP at 5 cmH₂O via helmet significantly improved PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio in the early postoperative period of brachycephalic dogs, supporting enhanced pulmonary oxygen exchange (p = .04).
- CPAP had no significant effect on SpO₂ (p = .9), PaCO₂ (p = .18), or rectal temperature (p = .5).
- Helmet tolerance decreased over time, with 13 dogs withdrawn for intolerance (9 CPAP, 4 control) and 6 dogs withdrawn for airway compromise (5 control, 1 CPAP).
- CPAP group maintained PaO₂/FiO₂ ratios near or above 400 mmHg, while control dogs showed consistently lower values.
- Authors suggest PaO₂/FiO₂ is a more reliable oxygenation measure than SpO₂ for evaluating postoperative lung function.
- The study found no cases of hyperthermia; temperatures normalized over time in both groups.
- Arterial catheterization failed in several dogs, limiting blood gas analysis to a subset of the population.
- Authors recommend further studies focused on BOAS patients and exploring longer-duration CPAP use to assess impact on critical outcomes like tracheostomy rates or hospitalization.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Effect of continuous positive airway pressure helmet on respiratory function following laparoscopic surgery in healthy dogs
2024-5-VS-araos-1
In Banse 2022 et al., on skill retention methods, what was the observed benefit of spaced instruction (SI) over massed instruction (MI) in veterinary students?
🔍 Key Findings
- Spaced instruction (SI) improved immediate performance on the first learned skill compared to massed instruction (MI) in both LSU and LMU cohorts.
- Cognitive load was higher in MI students at LMU, particularly in physical demand, effort, and frustration, while LSU showed no significant cognitive load differences.
- Skill performance differences disappeared after 2 weeks of supervised practice, regardless of instructional format.
- Time to complete skills improved over time, but this did not always correlate with improved checklist or global rating scores.
- Intrinsic cognitive load increased when teaching more complex or related surgical tasks in the same session.
- Initial skill complexity and prior exposure may influence effectiveness of spaced vs massed instruction.
- Supervised practice sessions are critical to eliminate initial skill disparities between instructional methods.
- Massed instruction may still be acceptable if followed by scheduled practice opportunities.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Teaching veterinary surgical skills: Comparison of massed versus spaced instruction
2022-7-VS-banse-1
In Kang 2024 et al., on sacroiliac fixation strength, which construct had significantly higher maximum failure load under rotational force testing?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 20 cats with pelvic fractures treated using locking plates with only cortical screws
- 28 fractures stabilized (ilium: 17, acetabulum: 6, ischium: 3, pubis: 2)
- Implants: Primarily 1.5/2.0 mm LCPs or String-of-Pearls plates
- Major complications in 2/20 cases (10%): sciatic entrapment, malunion requiring THA
- Minor complications in 2/20 cases (10%): plate impingement, transient lameness
- Clinical union in all cats by 8 weeks; all cats returned to full function
- Authors conclude cortical screws alone can provide adequate fixation in feline pelvic fractures if screw purchase and bone quality are sufficient
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Biomechanical Comparison of Double 2.3-mm Headless Cannulated Self-Compression Screws and Single 3.5-mm Cortical Screw in Lag Fashion in a Canine Sacroiliac Luxation Model
2024-1-VCOT-kang-1
In Gollnick 2024 et al., on TCTF risk with Arthrex STS in TPLO, what percentage of dogs developed transcortical tibial fractures?
🔍 Key Findings
- 42% of dogs (33/78) treated with Arthrex 3.5 mm STS during TPLO developed radiographic TCTF
- TCTFs occurred exclusively distal to the osteotomy
- 14% of screws (36/250) distal to the osteotomy were associated with TCTFs
- 6% of dogs with TCTFs developed major complications (e.g., complete tibial fracture requiring surgical revision)
- Angulation of cortical STS screws, especially in the distal plate holes, was a key contributor to complications
- Locking screws were also involved, but cortical screws angled improperly were overrepresented in serious outcomes
- Revision recommendations included preemptive fixation for large TCTFs or angulated screw placements
- Use of non-self-tapping screws (NSTS) previously showed a <1% TCTF rate, supporting higher risk with STS
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Tibial fracture associated with use of Arthrex self‐tapping screws during tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs and development of transcortical tibial fracture
2024-6-VS-gollnick-1
In Aly 2024 et al., on simulator training for feline OHE, what type of study design was used to evaluate simulator training?
🔍 Key Findings
- This study evaluated whether high-fidelity surgical simulator training improved live animal and student outcomes in a feline OHE teaching lab involving 186 cats and 146 students.
- Simulator training significantly improved surgical performance and outcomes:
- Live surgery was 6 minutes shorter on average in the SIM group vs. NO-SIM (115 ± 21 min vs. 121 ± 16 min, p = .04).
- Pain scores ≥5/20 occurred in 1% of SIM group cats vs. 15% of NO-SIM group cats (p < .01).
- Rescue analgesia was needed less frequently in the SIM group (5% vs. 15%, p = .03).
- Student confidence was significantly higher in the SIM group (median 7/10 vs. 6/10, p < .01).
- The simulator used a realistic abdominal model with friable tissues and required performance of a full OHE procedure.
- The study design was nonrandomized, grouped by class year, with limitations including lack of blinding during pain assessment in year two.
- Authors concluded that pre-lab simulator competency improves both animal welfare and student confidence, recommending it as a prerequisite for live surgical training.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Effect of surgical simulator training on student and live animal outcomes in a feline ovariohysterectomy teaching laboratory
2024-6-VS-aly-4
In Banks 2024 et al., on postoperative outcome, what was the median achieved TPA in the full clinical sample?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Design: Retrospective study of 100 radiographs using in silico and clinical data
- Mean preoperative TPA: 28.6°, higher in small dogs than large (p = .02)
- Mean planned TPA (in silico): 7.6°, not achieving 5° target (p < .01)
- Median postoperative TPA: 5.5° overall; higher in small dogs (7°) vs large (4.5°) (p = .06)
- Postoperative ostectomy position: More distal than recommended; average = 8.6 mm
- Increased distalization → greater under-correction of TPA (p = .01)
- Most accurate correction occurred when ostectomy was ≤7.5 mm from patellar tendon
- Wedge angle categories (TPA-Pre minus 5–2°) were used based on pre-op TPA
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
A mismatch of planning and achieved tibial plateau angle in cranial closing wedge surgery: An in silico and clinical evaluation of 100 cases
2024-1-VS-banks-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings