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In Gutbrod 2024 et al., on feline tibial stabilization, how did the 2.4 mm LCP + 1.0 mm pin construct perform compared to others?
🔍 Key Findings
- 2.4 mm LCP with a 1.6 mm IM pin had the highest axial stiffness and yield strength among the tested constructs.
- Axial stiffness was significantly higher in the 2.4 mm LCP + 1.6 mm IM pin group compared to 2.7 mm LCP alone (p = .013).
- No significant difference in torsional stiffness was found among groups.
- 2.4 mm LCP + 1.0 mm pin had the lowest stiffness and failure load, underperforming both other constructs.
- All constructs failed via valgus bending, consistent with clinical observations in feline tibial fractures.
- A 1.6 mm pin (~50% canal fill) resulted in superior construct performance vs. 1.0 mm (~30% fill).
- Group 2 (2.4 LCP + 1.6 mm pin) outperformed the 2.7 mm LCP alone in stiffness, despite using a smaller plate.
- Plate–rod constructs may better preserve periosteal blood supply and support minimally invasive stabilization strategies.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Ex vivo biomechanical evaluation of 2.4 mm LCP plate rod constructs versus 2.7 mm LCP applied to the feline tibia
2024-4-VS-gutbrod-4
In Danielski 2022 et al., on PAUL complications, what did the study reveal about expert prediction of complications based on post-op radiographs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Major complications occurred in 25.6% of limbs treated with PAUL, including non-union, implant failure, and infection requiring revision surgery.
- Increased body weight was significantly associated with a higher risk of complications (7% increased risk per additional kg; p = .04).
- Post-operative radiographic assessment was unreliable in predicting complications; inter-observer agreement was poor (kappa ≤ 0.12).
- Expert evaluation of implant or reduction errors had low predictive value (k < 0.2) for postoperative complications.
- Common major complications included non-union (6 limbs), screw breakage, and surgical site infections.
- Implant removal was required in 11.5% of limbs, mostly due to non-union or infection.
- Being a Labrador appeared protective on univariate analysis, but not on multivariate analysis after adjusting for weight.
- Radiographs showing suboptimal plate placement or osteotomy reduction did not reliably correlate with actual complication occurrence.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Complications after proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy and prognostic factors in 66 dogs
2022-1-VS-danielski-3
In Burton 2025 et al., on antebrachial conformation, what was the interpretation of increased UCORA in dogs with HIF?
🔍 Key Findings
- PRUDA (proximal radio-ulnar divergence angle) and UCORA (ulnar center of rotation of angulation) were significantly greater in Cocker Spaniels with HIF vs those without.
- PRUDA (p < .001): Group 1 (HIF) vs Group 2 & 3.
- UCORA (p = .036): Group 1 vs Group 3.
- Other angles (MPRA, LDRA, PCRA, DCRA, torsion) showed no significant differences.
- Increased PRUDA and UCORA may lead to divergent load vectors across the humeral condyle, potentially predisposing to stress fracture (HIF).
- Measurement techniques using CT-based 3D reconstructions were reliable (intraobserver ICC > 0.84).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Antebrachial conformation in Cocker Spaniels with and without humeral intracondylar fissure
2025-4-VS-burton-2
In Price 2024 et al., on left-sided TD ligation in dogs, what anatomical advantage was associated with the left fourth intercostal approach?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left fourth intercostal thoracotomy allowed successful thoracic duct (TD) ligation in 9/10 canine cadavers.
- 10/13 clinical cases had a single TD branch at the left fourth intercostal space, indicating lower anatomical complexity.
- All TD branches at this site were lateral to the esophagus, simplifying surgical access.
- Unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy was successfully performed via the same incision in 10/10 cadavers.
- Fewer TD branches at the fourth intercostal space than traditional caudal sites may reduce the risk of missed collaterals.
- In contrast, traditional caudal TD ligation sites had up to 5 branches, requiring broader dissection.
- No cadaver had right-sided TD branches, reducing surgical complexity at the studied location.
- Contrast-confirmed ligation was effective in 90% (9/10) cadavers on CT imaging.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Evaluation of thoracic duct ligation and unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy via a left fourth intercostal approach in normal canine cadavers
2024-3-VS-price-3
In Pfeil 2024 et al., on fluoroscopic pinning, how many cases showed pin migration?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fluoroscopically guided normograde metabone pinning (FGNMP) was used to treat 17 animals (15 dogs and 2 cats) with 57 metabone fractures, including various fracture configurations (short-oblique body, physeal, and comminuted).
- All 57 fractures were stabilized using intramedullary pins via FGNMP. The study exclusively focused on pin fixation and did not include screws or combined fixation techniques.
- Median surgical time was 54 minutes (range 26–99 min), indicating efficient procedural execution.
- Radiographic bone union was achieved in all fractures, with a median time to union of 6 weeks (range 4–12 weeks). Union was confirmed in all initially non-united fractures on follow-up.
- No major complications were reported. A single pressure sore at the olecranon resolved uneventfully, and no pin migration or osteomyelitis was observed.
- Pin extensions were noted radiographically (e.g., 42% distal subchondral overextension), but were not associated with clinical problems.
- Fluoroscopic guidance improved implant accuracy and preserved soft tissue, enabling effective fracture alignment and stabilization using this minimally invasive osteosynthesis (MIO) approach.
- The authors concluded that FGNMP is an effective, safe, and minimally invasive method for a variety of metabone fracture types, yielding quick recovery, fast healing, and good to excellent long-term functional outcomes in all 17 cases.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Outcomes of 15 dogs and two cats with metabone fractures treated with fluoroscopically guided normograde metabone pinning
2024-5-VS-pfeil-5
In Evers 2022 et al., on bone-to-tendon plate fixation, what fixation technique was used to secure the plate to the tendon?
🔍 Key Findings
- Bone-to-tendon plate fixation allowed successful stabilization of a highly comminuted calcaneus fracture in a dog with fragments too small for traditional fixation.
- The plate was sutured to the common calcaneal tendon using a figure-of-8 pattern, bypassing the need for screw fixation into small proximal fragments.
- Radiographic union was achieved by 17 weeks, though considered delayed, with the dog returning to normal function by 36 weeks post-op.
- A second surgery was required to replace the tendon-anchored plate with a calcaneus-only plate due to skin ulceration and implant prominence.
- Implant-associated infection was suspected; cultures confirmed Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, managed with doxycycline and clindamycin.
- Use of human placental matrix (hPM) and both autogenous and allogenic bone grafts supported healing, though their specific contribution remains uncertain.
- Postoperative complications included delayed union and skin ulceration, emphasizing challenges of implant design and soft tissue management.
- This is the first report of using a bone-to-tendon plate for a calcaneus fracture in dogs and demonstrates its potential in cases where traditional methods are not viable.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Use of a bone‐to‐tendon plate to stabilize a comminuted calcaneus fracture in a dog
2022-5-VS-evers-4
In Gleason 2023 et al., on ala vestibuloplasty in cats, what significant change occurred in activity-related dyspnea following ala vestibuloplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ala vestibuloplasty significantly reduced normalized pulmonary transit time (nPTT) (mean 5.43 → 3.89 sec; p <.001), suggesting improved cardiopulmonary function.
- Clinical respiratory signs improved, including reduced snoring, sneezing, nasal discharge, and open-mouth breathing (all p <.01).
- Activity tolerance increased, with less dyspnea during activity and longer time to onset of dyspnea (p <.005).
- Paradoxical sternal motion resolved in all affected cats after surgery.
- Hiatal hernias resolved in 75% of affected cats on follow-up CT.
- No serious complications occurred, with only mild, self-limiting epistaxis and hypersalivation in a few cases.
- Aberrant turbinates were detected on CT in all cats, though only 1 showed obstructive CATs endoscopically.
- Total clinical severity scores improved significantly postoperatively (median reduction of 30 points; p <.001).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ala vestibuloplasty improves cardiopulmonary and activity‐related parameters in brachycephalic cats
2023-4-VS-gleason-5
In Filho 2024 et al., what was the %BW carried by the contralateral limb in low forelimb amputees?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 39 dogs (mostly post-trauma) with either forelimb or hindlimb amputations (high vs low)
- No significant difference in %BW distribution between high vs low forelimb amputations
- In hindlimb amputees:
- High amputations → more overload on contralateral hindlimb (p = 0.01)
- Low amputations → more even load split, slight preference for contralateral hindlimb and ipsilateral forelimb
- Values derived from pressure-sensitive walkway confirmed with statistical significance
- Useful implications for prosthesis selection and rehabilitation planning
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
4
2024
Gait Analysis of Amputee Dogs Using a Pressure-Sensitive Walkway
2024-4-VCOT-filho-3
In Gant 2025 et al., on skin prep and SSI, what was associated with a significantly increased risk of surgical site infection?
🔍 Key Findings
- No statistically significant difference in overall SSI rates: 9.2% (chlorhexidine) vs. 7.38% (iodophor) (p = .25).
- Significant drape lift occurred in 13.2% of cases; those with lift had 2.72× increased risk of SSI (p = .026).
- Increased body weight was a statistically significant risk factor for SSI (p = .008): each 1 kg increased SSI risk by 3%.
- Use of glutaraldehyde was associated with a 2.38× increased risk of SSI (p = .055, approaching significance).
- No difference in SSI rates based on surgeon training level or surgical classification (clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated).
Veterinary Surgery
3
2025
Influence of skin preparation on surgical site infection and lift of adhesive surgical drapes
2025-3-VS-gant-1
In Danielski 2022 et al., on humero-anconeal incongruity, what was the proposed mechanism by which HIF may develop in spaniel breeds?
🔍 Key Findings
- A novel caudo-medial arthroscopic portal allowed visualization of previously undescribed cartilage lesions on the caudal medial humeral condyle.
- A consistent focal cartilage lesion (HA lesion) was observed in 100% of elbows with HIF (21/21), but in none of the 31 elbows without HIF.
- Lesions varied from indentations to full-thickness cartilage loss, typically elliptical and located just medial to the humeral condyle isthmus.
- A clunk-like sensation and dynamic engagement of the anconeal process into the lesion were observed in 16/21 elbows with HIF during elbow manipulation.
- In 5/21 elbows, engagement of the anconeal process led to observable widening of the HIF line, suggesting dynamic instability.
- Findings support a novel concept of humero-anconeal incongruity as a contributor to the pathogenesis of HIF.
- Spaniel breed was not a confounder—the lesion was only present in elbows with HIF, regardless of breed.
- The study suggests potential for using arthroscopy as a screening tool for early detection of humero-anconeal incongruity and HIF risk.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Humero-anconeal elbow incongruity in spaniel breed dogs with humeral intracondylar fissure: Arthroscopic findings
2022-1-VS-danielski2-4
Quiz Results
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Key Findings