Knell et al: A multiligament, internal brace, coaptationless stifle reconstruction technique for feline stifle luxation
Veterinary Surgery 4, 2026

A multiligament, internal brace, coaptationless stifle reconstruction technique for feline stifle luxation

🔍 Key Findings

  • Coaptationless multiligament reconstruction restored stifle stability in all 23 cats, allowing immediate postoperative weight bearing without external immobilization.
  • Successful outcome was achieved in 22/23 cats (95.7%), with only one case requiring arthrodesis after recurrent instability.
  • Reconstruction of the caudal cruciate ligament (CdCrL) proved critical, as 3 of 4 caudal subluxation complications occurred when the CdCrL was not reconstructed initially.
  • Major complications occurred in 26.6% (6/23) and consisted primarily of caudal tibial subluxation (4 cases) and medial patellar luxation (2 cases).
  • Revision surgery successfully restored function in most complications, with stable joints and excellent FMPI scores after revision.
  • Excellent functional outcomes were reported, with FMPI scores ranging from 0.95–1.0 at 6 months and lameness absent in nearly all cats.
  • Early mobilization without postoperative immobilization preserved range of motion, with minimal osteoarthritis progression observed over 6 months.
  • Internal brace principles using TightRope constructs, knotless anchors, and UHMWPE sutures provided strong multiplanar stabilization, supporting immediate limb use and favorable clinical outcomes.

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Knell et al: A multiligament, internal brace, coaptationless stifle reconstruction technique for feline stifle luxation
Veterinary Surgery 4, 2026

🔍 Key Findings

  • Coaptationless multiligament reconstruction restored stifle stability in all 23 cats, allowing immediate postoperative weight bearing without external immobilization.
  • Successful outcome was achieved in 22/23 cats (95.7%), with only one case requiring arthrodesis after recurrent instability.
  • Reconstruction of the caudal cruciate ligament (CdCrL) proved critical, as 3 of 4 caudal subluxation complications occurred when the CdCrL was not reconstructed initially.
  • Major complications occurred in 26.6% (6/23) and consisted primarily of caudal tibial subluxation (4 cases) and medial patellar luxation (2 cases).
  • Revision surgery successfully restored function in most complications, with stable joints and excellent FMPI scores after revision.
  • Excellent functional outcomes were reported, with FMPI scores ranging from 0.95–1.0 at 6 months and lameness absent in nearly all cats.
  • Early mobilization without postoperative immobilization preserved range of motion, with minimal osteoarthritis progression observed over 6 months.
  • Internal brace principles using TightRope constructs, knotless anchors, and UHMWPE sutures provided strong multiplanar stabilization, supporting immediate limb use and favorable clinical outcomes.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Knell 2026 et al., on feline stifle luxation, which implant system was used for cranial cruciate ligament reconstruction?

A. TPLO plate system
B. Fabellotibial nylon leader line
C. Mini TightRope construct
D. Interference screw graft fixation
E. Locking patellar stabilization system

Answer: Mini TightRope construct

Explanation: The cranial cruciate ligament and lateral collateral ligament deficiencies were reconstructed using a Mini TightRope technique.
In Knell 2026 et al., on feline stifle luxation, which postoperative management strategy was used following multiligament reconstruction?

A. Transarticular external skeletal fixation
B. Spica splint immobilization for 6 weeks
C. Transarticular pinning
D. External coaptation for 8 weeks
E. No postoperative immobilization or coaptation

Answer: No postoperative immobilization or coaptation

Explanation: An intentional goal of the technique was immediate stability without postoperative joint immobilization.
In Knell 2026 et al., on feline stifle luxation, what was the overall successful outcome rate reported for treated stifles?

A. 65%
B. 74%
C. 83%
D. 95.7%
E. 100%

Answer: 95.7%

Explanation: Twenty-two of 23 cats met the study criteria for a successful outcome.
In Knell 2026 et al., on feline stifle luxation, which structure was reconstructed using knotless anchors?

A. Cranial cruciate ligament
B. Caudal cruciate ligament
C. Lateral collateral ligament
D. Patellar ligament
E. Medial collateral ligament

Answer: Medial collateral ligament

Explanation: The medial collateral ligament was anatomically reconstructed using PushLock knotless interference anchors.
In Knell 2026 et al., on feline stifle luxation, which complication was most commonly associated with failure to reconstruct the caudal cruciate ligament?

A. Medial patellar luxation
B. Cranial tibial thrust
C. Caudal tibial subluxation
D. Meniscal entrapment
E. Femoral condylar fracture

Answer: Caudal tibial subluxation

Explanation: Three of four cases of postoperative caudal subluxation occurred when the CdCrL was not reconstructed initially.

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